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Knowledge + Experience = Competence
Project Management
Professional Development
2 of 17
Certified
Project Director
Certified
Senior Project Manager
A
Certified
Project Manager
Certified
Project Management Associate
B
C
0.3%
795
5.4%
13,058
25%
60,652
69.3%
167,995
IPMA Certifications
2015
Source: IPMA Certification Yearbook, 2016
D
Founded in Switzerland in 1965, the International Project Management Association is a not for profit
federation of National Member Associations, NMAs, representing 55 project management associations
from all continents of the world.
The Organisational Competence Baseline, OCB, defines organisational competence in managing projects,
as successful project delivery requires more than competent project managers alone.
The IPMA only accepts individuals as members in the absence of a national association, when annual
membership costs €100. NMA membership includes indirect IPMA membership.
The IPMA Competence Baseline, ICB, is the IPMA
standard for PM competence development.
This is supplemented by the Addition to the ICB for
PM Consultants, ICBC.
The IPMA universal four level certification, 4-L-C,
system defines levels A to D for PM competence
on which NMAs base their own competence
models and certification programmes.
International Project Management Association
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Certifications & Qualifications
Certification IPMA Valid Renewal Acquisition Pre-requisite
PFQ
Project
Fundamentals
Qualification
(was Introductory
Certificate)
- - -
1 hour multiple choice exam:
60 questions, pass ≥60%
Confirms fundamental awareness of project management terminology. Online exam available.
Can be taken as a 2 day course, cost £900 (inc. exam fee). Open exam fee £144 (£120 for APM members).
Risk Certificate,
Level 1
- - -
1 hour multiple choice exam:
60 questions, pass ≥60%
Confirms knowledge sufficient to allow contribution to risk management within a project.
Can be taken as a 2 day course, cost £1,100 (inc. exam fee). Open exam fee £164 (£146 for APM members).
Risk Certificate,
Level 2
- - -
3.25 hour exam:
section A, 100 marks;
section B, 100 marks, 2 from 4 questions, 2
relate to case study, pass ≥60%
Risk Certificate Level 1
knowledge
(not certification)
Confirms knowledge, understanding and capability, sufficient to undertake project risk management.
Can be taken as a 2 day course, cost £1,100 (inc. exam fee). Open exam fee £430 (£310 for APM members).
Combined Risk Levels 1 & 2 Open exam fee £558 (£384 for APM members).
The Association for Project Management, founded in 1972, is the largest professional body of its kind in
Europe with over 22,500 individual and 550 corporate members and is the IPMA NMA in the UK.
ICB aligned, the UK standard for PM competence development is the APM Competence Framework.
APM certifications are
aligned with the IPMA
4-L-C system and are
undergoing revision
throughout 2014, to
include a new Level A
certification.
APM individual
membership fee is
£158 annually
plus a £113 registration
fee (waived for
Corporate Members).
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Certifications & Qualifications (2)
Certification IPMA Valid Renewal Acquisition Pre-requisite
Project
Management
Qualification
PMQ
(was APMP)
Level D - -
3 hour exam: 10 from 16 questions, pass ≥55%
Reduced PMQ for PRINCE2 Practitioners also
available
Confirms knowledge of all elements of project management.
Can be taken as a 5 day course, cost £2,000. Open exam fee £425 (£305 for APM members).
PRINCE2 Practitioners reduced 3 day course, cost £1,300. Open exam fee £311 (£221 for APM members).
PQ
Practitioner
Qualification
Level C
5
years
35h CPD
per year
2.5 day assessment: exams, group work &
interview
APMP or similar.
Typically more than 3
years’ experience
Relatively experienced project management practitioners demonstrate an ability to manage a non-complex
project. 2.5 day assessment centre cost £2,400. 2 day preparation workshop recommended, cost £1,100.
RPP
Registered
Project
Professional
Level B -
35h CPD
per year
Portfolio assessment:
Demonstrate capability in 29 core and
knowledge of 18 complementary competences.
Professional review:
Two assessors in a 45 minute interview format
including a 10 minute candidate presentation.
Experience of managing
others in a complex
project environment
plus APM membership
Confirms the capabilities of a responsible leader, with the ability to manage a complex project and use
appropriate tools, processes and techniques. APM application fee £900 (£700 for APM members).
The APM was recently granted a Royal Charter, so Chartered Project Manager will be available by 2018.
RPP certified members may automatically become Chartered Project Managers in 2017,
making this the most respected certification – just as Chartered status works for other professions.
For a UK based PM,
APM offers the best
route for professional
career development,
in a similar way that
UK professional bodies
do for other disciplines.
5 of 17
Certifications & Qualifications Summary
Competence
Knowledge
Only
0 years 2 years 5 Years 10 years
Risk Certificate
Level 2
Level 1
PMQ
IPMA Level D
Project Management
Qualification
PFQ
Project Fundamentals
Qualification
PPQ
Project Professional
Qualification
2017:
Chartered PM
RPP
IPMA Level C
PQ
Practitioner
Qualification
6 of 17
Corporate Corporate
Membership Accreditation
Corporate Membership benefits for companies and their APM member employees include company
recognition and promotion, access to best practice project management information and training, and
financial discounts for APM products and services. A company with up to 50 project managers can
become APM corporate members for a registration fee of £481 plus a rolling 3 year £556 subscription.
Corporate Accreditation of a company project management professional development scheme provides
recognition in the form of APM web site accreditation listing and case study, assurance to business
stakeholders, use of APM Accredited logo, and an assessor report to help guide future development.
It also helps attract and retain PM talent, as with other professional body accreditation schemes.
Assessors look for evidence of support for the APM Five Dimensions of Project Management
Professionalism, scoring on a 1 to 5 scale for scheme commitment to the APM Body of Knowledge,
Competence Framework, Qualifications, Continuing Professional Development and Membership.
Successful applicants are accredited for three years, after which a re-assessment is required.
Accreditation assessment and annual renewal costs £1,250.
APM Five Dimensions of Project Management Professionalism
Breadth Defined by the APM Body of Knowledge – the knowledge needed to manage any kind of project.
Depth Assessed against the APM Competence Framework which defines and guides project management competence development.
Achievement Defined by APM qualifications, recognised across the profession and aligned with IPMA’s 4 level Certification Program.
Commitment A targeted development plan (Continuing Professional Development) helps develop project management practice and enhance a career in project management.
Accountability This is defined by APM membership and with it adherence to the APM Code of Professional Conduct, which outlines the ethical practice expected of a professional.
7 of 17
Competence Framework (v1)
Five key concepts are the foundation
of the APM competence framework.
APM Competence Framework Elements
Technical (30 Elements)
TC01 Concept
TC02 Project Success & Benefits Management
TC03 Stakeholder Management
TC04 Requirements Management
TC05 Project Risk Management
TC06 Estimating
TC07 Business Case
TC08 Marketing & Sales
TC09 Project Reviews
TC10 Definition
TC11 Scope Management
TC12 Modelling & Testing
TC13 Methods & Procedures
TC14 Project Quality Management
TC15 Scheduling
TC16 Resource Management
TC17 Information Management & Reporting
TC18 Project Management Plan
TC19 Configuration Management
TC20 Change Control
TC21 Implementation
TC22 Technology Management
TC23 Budgeting & Cost Management
TC24 Procurement
TC25 Issue Management
TC26 Development
TC27 Value Management
TC28 Earned Value Management
TC29 Value Engineering
TC30 Handover & Closeout
Behavioural (9 Elements)
BC01 Communication
BC02 Teamwork
BC03 Leadership
BC04 Conflict Management
BC05 Negotiation
BC06 Human Resource Management
BC07 Behavioural Characteristics
BC08 Learning & Development
BC09 Professionalism & Ethics
Contextual (8 Elements)
CC01 Project Sponsorship
CC02
Health, Safety & Environmental
Management
CC03 Project Lifecycles
CC04 Project Finance & Funding
CC05 Legal Awareness
CC06 Organisational Roles
CC07 Organisational Structure
CC08 Governance of Project Management
Score Knowledge / Experience
1-3 Low Knows / Some
4-6 Medium
Solid / Average
(Average Results)
7-10 High
Detailed / Broad
(Good Results)
Each competence is self-assessed
by a project manager, scoring
separately for knowledge and
experience on this scale:
APM Competence Framework Key Concepts
KC01 Project Management
KC02 Programme Management
KC03 Portfolio Management
KC04 Project Context
KC05 Project Office
To achieve IPMA levels A and B, competence must be demonstrated
through management of APM defined complex projects.
Mapped to the ICB,
the APM Body of Knowledge and
APM qualifications, this competence
framework provides a tool to assess
PM knowledge and experience and
help identify training & development
needs, including readiness to obtain
APM professional qualifications.
8 of 17
Competence Framework as applied for RPP
RPP Core Competencies (29 Elements) The APM competencies are grouped for
applications for Registered Project Professional.
Written evidence of knowledge of the core
competencies, up to 150 words each, must be
submitted as part of the RPP application.
Evidence should reference previous projects
that make up a project portfolio. Typically these
projects must have been undertaken within the
last eight years and must include management
of APM defined complex projects.
1 Responsible Leadership
BC03 Leadership
BC09 Professionalism & Ethics
2 People Management
TC03 Stakeholder Management
BC01 Communication
BC02 Teamwork
BC04 Conflict Management
BC05 Negotiation
BC07 Behavioural Characteristics
3 Planning
TC05 Project Risk Management
TC14 Project Quality Management
TC15 Scheduling
TC16 Resource Management
TC18 Project Management Plan
4 Organisation & Governance
TC17 Information Management & Reporting
TC20 Change Control
TC23 Budgeting & Cost Management
CC03 Project Lifecycles
CC06 Organisational Roles
CC08 Governance of Project Management
5 Executing
TC09 Project Reviews
TC11 Scope Management
TC25 Issue Management
6 Tools & Techniques
TC02 Project Success & Benefits Management
TC04 Requirements Management
TC06 Estimating
7 Business and Commercial Context
TC07 Business Case
CC01 Project Sponsorship
CC02 Health, Safety & Environmental Management
CC07 Organisational Structure
RPP Complementary Competencies (18 Elements)
Technical
TC01 Concept
TC08 Marketing & Sales
TC10 Definition
TC12 Modelling & Testing
TC13 Methods & Procedures
TC19 Configuration Management
TC21 Implementation
TC22 Technology Management
TC24 Procurement
TC26 Development
TC27 Value Management
TC28 Earned Value Management
TC29 Value Engineering
TC30 Handover & Closeout
Behavioural
BC06 Human Resource Management
BC08 Learning & Development
Contextual
CC04 Project Finance & Funding
CC05 Legal Awareness
Written evidence of knowledge of the complementary competencies must be
submitted, but APM Members and Fellows and those awarded
APM PFQ or PQ already meet this RPP requirement.
9 of 17
The Office of Government Commerce was an independent office of HM Treasury, established to help
Government deliver best value.
Between 2000 and 2010, the OGC acted as sponsor for best practice of Project, Programme, Risk and
Service Management.
The portfolio includes PRINCE2, M_o_R, MSP, MoP, MoV, ITIL and P3O.
This best management practice portfolio ownership was moved to the Cabinet Office in 2010.
The portfolio was managed under contract by APM Group (APMG) until 2014 when Axelos, a joint
venture between UK government and Capita, took over management of the portfolio.
The portfolio covers many project management competencies and there is significant value for project
management professionals. However, it is at turns insufficiently comprehensive, specialized, or aimed at
a corporate level not always the most appropriate to all project managers.
Office of Government Commerce (now Cabinet Office)
10 of 17
PRINCE was first developed in 1989 by the OGC as the standard approach to IT project management.
Since enhanced and updated to become a generic, best practice approach suitable for the management
of all types of projects. Launched in 2009, PRINCE2 is an update of this process-based approach.
Certificates have been issued in over 150 countries with 57% in the UK. This is the most widely held
project management certification in the world. Not aligned to the IPMA 4-L-C system.
PRINCE2: Projects IN Controlled Environments
Source: The Popularity of PRINCE2 Examinations, KnowledgeTrain (APMG, data, 1996 to 2012).
Certification IPMA Valid Renewal Acquisition Pre-requisite
PRINCE2
Foundation
- - -
1 hour multiple choice exam: 75 questions of
which 70 count, pass ≥50% (35/70)
Confirms sufficient knowledge and understanding of the PRINCE2 method to enable effective working with, or
as a member of, a PM team in a PRINCE2 supporting environment.
Pass rate 97% in 2012. 675,506 certificates issued.
PRINCE2
Practitioner
-
5
years
1hr exam,
pass ≥55%
2.5 hour exam: 8 questions, 10 marks each,
open book (PRINCE2 manual only),
pass ≥55% (44/80)
PRINCE2
Foundation
Confirms sufficient understanding of how to apply and tailor PRINCE2 in a scenario situation.
Pass rate 75% in 2012. 371,707 certificates issued.
PRINCE2 Foundation and Practitioner can be taken together in a 5 day course, cost £1,900.
PRINCE2
Professional
- - -
2.5 day assessment, interview & group work
based on project case study, assessed against
19 performance criteria
PRINCE2
Practitioner
Tests ability to manage a non-complex full lifecycle PRINCE2 project.
Extremely popular, but
below IPMA level D
and worth undertaking
only if mandated by an
employer or client or
working in a PRINCE2
environment.
11 of 17
MSP is a set of principles and processes for use when managing a programme.
Managing Successful Programmes
Certification IPMA Valid Renewal Acquisition Pre-requisite
MSP
Foundation
- - -
1 hour multiple choice exam: 75 questions of
which 70 count, pass ≥50% (35/70)
Confirms sufficient knowledge and understanding to interact effectively with
those involved with the management of a programme.
MSP
Practitioner
-
5
years
1.25 hour
exam,
pass ≥50%
2.5 hour exam: 4 questions, 20 marks each,
open book (MSP Guide only),
pass ≥50% (40/80)
MSP
Foundation
Confirms sufficient knowledge and understanding of how to apply MSP.
MSP Foundation and Practitioner can be taken together in a 5 day course, cost £2,300.
MSP
Advanced
Practitioner
-
5
years
1.25 hour
exam,
pass ≥50%
3 hour essay based exam: 2 questions, 75
marks in total, open book,
pass ≥50% (38/75)
MSP
Practitioner
Confirms if a candidate is likely to be able to lead and manage a programme.
MSP Advanced Practitioner can be taken in a 2 day course, cost £900.
12 of 17
Considers risk from
different organizational
perspectives: strategic,
programme, project
and operational,
aimed at corporate
governance, aligned
with ISO 31000, the
risk management
family of standards.
Management of Risk
Certification IPMA Valid Renewal Acquisition Pre-requisite
M_o_R
Foundation
- - -
1 hour multiple choice exam: 75 questions of
which 70 count, pass ≥50% (35/70)
Confirms sufficient knowledge and understanding to contribute to the identification, assessment and control of
risks across any organization.
M_o_R
Practitioner
-
5
years
1hr exam,
pass ≥55%
3 hour exam: 4 questions, 20 marks each, open
book (specified M_o_R books only),
pass ≥50% (40/80)
M_o_R
Foundation
Confirms sufficient understanding of how to apply and tailor M_o_R in a scenario situation.
M_o_R Foundation and Practitioner can be taken together in a 5 day course, cost £2,300.
Certification IPMA Valid Renewal Acquisition Pre-requisite
MoP
Foundation
- - -
40 minute multiple choice exam: 50 questions,
pass ≥50% (25/50)
Confirms sufficient knowledge and understanding to work as an informed member of a Portfolio Office or in a
portfolio management role. Launched 2010.
MoP
Practitioner
- - -
3 hour exam: 4 questions, 20 marks each,
open book (MoP Guide only),
pass ≥50% (40/80)
MoP
Foundation
Confirms sufficient understanding of how to apply and tailor MoP and to analyse portfolio data, documentation
and roles in relation to a scenario. Launched 2011.
MoP Foundation and Practitioner can be taken together in a 5 day course, cost £2,300.
Management of Portfolios
Perhaps not the most appropriate risk management certification for a PM.
Introduces the key
concepts of portfolio
management, benefits
to an organization, and
fit with current business
processes.
Aimed at those who
prioritise investment
across an organization's
programmes and
projects.
13 of 17
An evolution from the practice of value management across many sectors and over many years. Aimed
at those involved in directing, managing, supporting and delivering portfolios, programmes and projects.
Management of Value
Certification IPMA Valid Renewal Acquisition Pre-requisite
MoV
Foundation
- - -
40 minute multiple choice exam: 50 questions,
pass ≥50% (25/50)
Confirms sufficient knowledge and understanding to explain MoV to others and contribute to MoV activities led
by others.
MoV
Practitioner
- - -
2.5 hour exam: 8 questions, 10 marks each,
open book (MoV Guide only),
pass ≥50% (40/80)
MoV
Foundation
Confirms sufficient understanding of how to apply and tailor MoV in a scenario situation.
MoV Foundation and Practitioner can be taken together in 5 day course, cost £2,300.
Information Technology Infrastructure Library
ITIL is the most widely accepted approach to IT service management in the world and provides a
cohesive set of best practice, drawn from the public and private sectors internationally.
IT Service Management is driven both by technology and the huge range of organizational environments
in which it operates and is in a state of constant evolution. Best practice, based on expert advice and
input from ITIL users is both current and practical, combining the latest thinking with common sense.
Not so relevant for project managers outside the IT service domain, so not described any further here.
MoV is about
maximizing value in line
with the programme
and project objectives
and the key stakeholder
requirements, and not
just minimizing costs.
14 of 17
P3O guidance is a set of principles, processes and techniques to facilitate effective portfolio, programme
and project management via enablement, challenge and support structures.
PRINCE2, MSP, and M_o_R aligned.
Portfolio, Programme and Project Offices
Not particularly
relevant for project
management
competence
development, unless
working within an
office with a P3O
model.
Certification IPMA Valid Renewal Acquisition Pre-requisite
P3O
Foundation
- - -
1 hour multiple choice exam: 75 questions of
which 70 count, pass ≥50% (35/70)
Confirms sufficient knowledge and understanding to interact effectively with,
or act as an informed member of, an office with a P3O model.
P3O
Practitioner
- - -
2.5 hour exam: 4 questions, 20 marks each,
open book (P3O Guide only),
pass ≥50% (40/80)
P3O
Foundation
Confirms sufficient knowledge and understanding of the P3O guidance to design,
implement, manage or work in any component office within a P3O model.
P3O Foundation and Practitioner can be taken together in 5 day course, cost £1,900.
The APM competence framework v2 now also describes Portfolio and PMO roles.
15 of 17
The Project
Management Institute,
founded in 1969, is a
world leading not-for-
profit membership
association for the PM
profession. PMI has
467,193 members and
714,987 credential
holders in 204 countries.
The PM Competency
Development, PMCD,
Framework is the PMI
standard for project
manager competence
development, aligned
with PMI’s Guide to the
Project Management
Body of Knowledge
(PMBOK® Guide).
PMI: Project Management Institute
Certification IPMA Valid Renewal Acquisition Pre-requisite
CAPM
Certified
Associate
in
Project
Management
-
5
years
Re-exam
3 hour multiple choice exam: 150 questions,
135 scoring,
'Modified Angoff Method' to determine pass
Degree and 1 year
project experience or 23
hours PM training
Confirms knowledge of the principles and terminology of PMBOK Guide.
2003 launch, 29,273 credential holders by 31 August 2015.
Formal PM education element can be taken as 3 day course, cost £1,600.
Certification fee $300 ($225 for PMI members).
PMP
Project
Management
Professional
-
3
years
60 PDUs
over
3 years
4 hour multiple choice exam: 200 questions,
175 scoring,
'Modified Angoff Method' to determine pass,
allowed 3 attempts within 1 year
Degree and 3 years as a
project manager within
the last 8 years plus 35
hours PM training
Demonstrates experience, education and competency to lead and direct projects.
1984 launch, 669,688 credential holders by 31 August 2015.
Formal PM education element can be taken as 5 day course, cost £2,100.
Certification fee $555 ($405 for PMI members).
PgMP
Program
Management
Professional
-
3
years
60 PDUs
over
3 years
4 hour multiple choice exam: 170 questions,
150 scoring,
'Modified Angoff Method' to determine pass,
allowed 3 attempts within 1 year
Degree, 4 years each as
a project and a program
manager
Recognizes advanced experience, skill, and performance in the oversight of multiple, related projects and their
resources aligned with an organizational objective. 2007 launch, 1,376 credential holders by 31 August 2015.
Certification fee $1,000 ($800 for PMI members).
PfMP
Portfolio
Management
Professional
-
3
years
60 PDUs
over
3 years
4 hour multiple choice exam: 170 questions,
150 scoring,
'Modified Angoff Method' to determine pass
Degree, 4 years as a
portfolio manager in last
15 years inc. 8 years
business experience
Recognizes ability in the coordinated management of one or more portfolios to achieve organizational
objectives. 2013 launch, 252 credential holders by 31 August 2015.
Certification fee $1,000 ($800 for PMI members).
16 of 17
PMI Practice Standards
further define PM best
practice.
PMI certifications are
not aligned to the IPMA
4-L-C system.
Annual membership is
$129, plus local chapter
fee ($40 for UK) plus $10
registration fee.
For a US based PM the
PMI certification system
is the best choice for
career development.
A UK based PM might
also choose this route,
especially if working
predominantly with US
based clients or perhaps
in a US owned company.
PMI: Project Management Institute (2)
Certification IPMA Valid Renewal Acquisition Pre-requisite
PMI-ACP
PMI
Agile
Certified
Professional
-
3
years
30 PDUs
over
3 years
3 hour multiple choice exam: 120 questions,
100 scoring,
'Modified Angoff Method' to determine pass
2,000 hours in a project
team in last 5 years (or
active PMP or PgMP), 1
year in Agile team or
Agile methods work in
last 3 years and 21 hours
Agile practices training
Demonstrates knowledge of and commitment to Agile approach to project management. 2012 launch, 9,271
credential holders worldwide by 31 August 2015. Certification fee $495 ($435 for PMI members).
PMI-SP
PMI
Scheduling
Professional
-
3
years
30 PDUs
over
3 years
3.5 hour multiple choice exam: 170 questions,
150 scoring, 'Modified Angoff Method' to
determine pass
Degree and 3500 hours
project scheduling
experience plus 30 hours
project scheduling
formal training
Recognises competence to develop and maintain project schedules, while still possessing core knowledge skills
in all areas of project management. 2008 launch, 1,394 credential holders worldwide by 31 August 2015.
Certification fee $670 ($520 for PMI members).
PMI-RMP
PMI
Risk
Management
Professional
-
3
years
30 PDUs
over
3 years
3.5 hour multiple choice exam: 170 questions,
150 scoring, 'Modified Angoff Method' to
determine pass
Degree and 2 years’
project risk management
experience and 30 hours
formal project risk
management training
Recognises competence in assessing and identifying project risks, mitigating threats and capitalizing on
opportunities, while still possessing a core knowledge and practical application in all areas of project
management. 2008 launch, 3,303 credential holders worldwide by 31 August 2015.
Certification fee $670 ($520 for PMI members).
Exam pass rate in range 40% to 75%.
Source: Members and credential holders: PMI Today, November 2015.
17 of 17
Summary
Project management suffers from a lack of professionalism
Managing projects is a part of most career paths. Improvement efforts are often hampered by senior
executives having successfully managed projects, persuading them that a shallow project management
competence is sufficient. If you can change the engine oil does that qualify you to rebuild the engine?
There is a vast difference between managing a small project and a large, complex project.
Developing professional competence is a significant investment
However, until a rigorous professional competence development is the norm for project managers
leading large, complex projects, don’t expect any improvement in project results.
It is also important that the environment is conducive to professional project management
Most environments require tailoring of the PM development system to suit a particular domain. But this
is only an additional layer to a common PM competence development.
The best project management competence development system will be insufficient without fully
committed executive sponsorship and a structured and consistent delivery framework.
The real benefit that justifies investment in PM professionalism is better project results
What is true for other disciplines is true for project management: the most significant change required
to consistently produce better results is more professionally competent practitioners.
18 of 17
Author Profile
In my board role I led a team of 22 Project Managers and 5 Quality Engineers, and ensured Roke’s £79m
project portfolio delivered better than budget profit. I set-up and ran a virtual PMO and created REP,
the Roke Engineering Process, also managing the engineering tools to support it.
After 4 years as an electronics engineer for Siemens, achieving Chartered Engineer,
I moved into project management for 14 years, at Siemens and Roke Manor Research.
Successfully delivering Roke’s most challenging whole lifecycle product developments
on time and under budget led to a role as Director and board member for 6 years.
In 2013 I returned to hands-on project management as Programme Director at
Cambridge Consultants, founder member of the Cambridge Science Park.
Creator of the APM corporate accredited PM Excellence Programme,
I chaired a quarterly PM forum to share best practice and built a
supportive PM community. I coached seven PMs to RPP, five to PQ,
and all passed APMP.
These investments in PM professionalism led to a turn-around and
annual improvement in project results across a 400 project portfolio
and delivered an above budget performance in five consecutive years
with profits totalling £7.9m above budget.
Passionate advocate of PM professionalism, Fellow of the APM and
the IET and author of articles published in Project and PM Today.
Professional Development
Winning Project Work
Planning
Estimating
Risk Management
Earned Value Management
Change Control
Stakeholder Management
3 Steps to Professional Project Management: Case Study
ProjectManagementTopics

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PM Professional Development

  • 1. 1 of 17 Knowledge + Experience = Competence Project Management Professional Development
  • 2. 2 of 17 Certified Project Director Certified Senior Project Manager A Certified Project Manager Certified Project Management Associate B C 0.3% 795 5.4% 13,058 25% 60,652 69.3% 167,995 IPMA Certifications 2015 Source: IPMA Certification Yearbook, 2016 D Founded in Switzerland in 1965, the International Project Management Association is a not for profit federation of National Member Associations, NMAs, representing 55 project management associations from all continents of the world. The Organisational Competence Baseline, OCB, defines organisational competence in managing projects, as successful project delivery requires more than competent project managers alone. The IPMA only accepts individuals as members in the absence of a national association, when annual membership costs €100. NMA membership includes indirect IPMA membership. The IPMA Competence Baseline, ICB, is the IPMA standard for PM competence development. This is supplemented by the Addition to the ICB for PM Consultants, ICBC. The IPMA universal four level certification, 4-L-C, system defines levels A to D for PM competence on which NMAs base their own competence models and certification programmes. International Project Management Association
  • 3. 3 of 17 Certifications & Qualifications Certification IPMA Valid Renewal Acquisition Pre-requisite PFQ Project Fundamentals Qualification (was Introductory Certificate) - - - 1 hour multiple choice exam: 60 questions, pass ≥60% Confirms fundamental awareness of project management terminology. Online exam available. Can be taken as a 2 day course, cost £900 (inc. exam fee). Open exam fee £144 (£120 for APM members). Risk Certificate, Level 1 - - - 1 hour multiple choice exam: 60 questions, pass ≥60% Confirms knowledge sufficient to allow contribution to risk management within a project. Can be taken as a 2 day course, cost £1,100 (inc. exam fee). Open exam fee £164 (£146 for APM members). Risk Certificate, Level 2 - - - 3.25 hour exam: section A, 100 marks; section B, 100 marks, 2 from 4 questions, 2 relate to case study, pass ≥60% Risk Certificate Level 1 knowledge (not certification) Confirms knowledge, understanding and capability, sufficient to undertake project risk management. Can be taken as a 2 day course, cost £1,100 (inc. exam fee). Open exam fee £430 (£310 for APM members). Combined Risk Levels 1 & 2 Open exam fee £558 (£384 for APM members). The Association for Project Management, founded in 1972, is the largest professional body of its kind in Europe with over 22,500 individual and 550 corporate members and is the IPMA NMA in the UK. ICB aligned, the UK standard for PM competence development is the APM Competence Framework. APM certifications are aligned with the IPMA 4-L-C system and are undergoing revision throughout 2014, to include a new Level A certification. APM individual membership fee is £158 annually plus a £113 registration fee (waived for Corporate Members).
  • 4. 4 of 17 Certifications & Qualifications (2) Certification IPMA Valid Renewal Acquisition Pre-requisite Project Management Qualification PMQ (was APMP) Level D - - 3 hour exam: 10 from 16 questions, pass ≥55% Reduced PMQ for PRINCE2 Practitioners also available Confirms knowledge of all elements of project management. Can be taken as a 5 day course, cost £2,000. Open exam fee £425 (£305 for APM members). PRINCE2 Practitioners reduced 3 day course, cost £1,300. Open exam fee £311 (£221 for APM members). PQ Practitioner Qualification Level C 5 years 35h CPD per year 2.5 day assessment: exams, group work & interview APMP or similar. Typically more than 3 years’ experience Relatively experienced project management practitioners demonstrate an ability to manage a non-complex project. 2.5 day assessment centre cost £2,400. 2 day preparation workshop recommended, cost £1,100. RPP Registered Project Professional Level B - 35h CPD per year Portfolio assessment: Demonstrate capability in 29 core and knowledge of 18 complementary competences. Professional review: Two assessors in a 45 minute interview format including a 10 minute candidate presentation. Experience of managing others in a complex project environment plus APM membership Confirms the capabilities of a responsible leader, with the ability to manage a complex project and use appropriate tools, processes and techniques. APM application fee £900 (£700 for APM members). The APM was recently granted a Royal Charter, so Chartered Project Manager will be available by 2018. RPP certified members may automatically become Chartered Project Managers in 2017, making this the most respected certification – just as Chartered status works for other professions. For a UK based PM, APM offers the best route for professional career development, in a similar way that UK professional bodies do for other disciplines.
  • 5. 5 of 17 Certifications & Qualifications Summary Competence Knowledge Only 0 years 2 years 5 Years 10 years Risk Certificate Level 2 Level 1 PMQ IPMA Level D Project Management Qualification PFQ Project Fundamentals Qualification PPQ Project Professional Qualification 2017: Chartered PM RPP IPMA Level C PQ Practitioner Qualification
  • 6. 6 of 17 Corporate Corporate Membership Accreditation Corporate Membership benefits for companies and their APM member employees include company recognition and promotion, access to best practice project management information and training, and financial discounts for APM products and services. A company with up to 50 project managers can become APM corporate members for a registration fee of £481 plus a rolling 3 year £556 subscription. Corporate Accreditation of a company project management professional development scheme provides recognition in the form of APM web site accreditation listing and case study, assurance to business stakeholders, use of APM Accredited logo, and an assessor report to help guide future development. It also helps attract and retain PM talent, as with other professional body accreditation schemes. Assessors look for evidence of support for the APM Five Dimensions of Project Management Professionalism, scoring on a 1 to 5 scale for scheme commitment to the APM Body of Knowledge, Competence Framework, Qualifications, Continuing Professional Development and Membership. Successful applicants are accredited for three years, after which a re-assessment is required. Accreditation assessment and annual renewal costs £1,250. APM Five Dimensions of Project Management Professionalism Breadth Defined by the APM Body of Knowledge – the knowledge needed to manage any kind of project. Depth Assessed against the APM Competence Framework which defines and guides project management competence development. Achievement Defined by APM qualifications, recognised across the profession and aligned with IPMA’s 4 level Certification Program. Commitment A targeted development plan (Continuing Professional Development) helps develop project management practice and enhance a career in project management. Accountability This is defined by APM membership and with it adherence to the APM Code of Professional Conduct, which outlines the ethical practice expected of a professional.
  • 7. 7 of 17 Competence Framework (v1) Five key concepts are the foundation of the APM competence framework. APM Competence Framework Elements Technical (30 Elements) TC01 Concept TC02 Project Success & Benefits Management TC03 Stakeholder Management TC04 Requirements Management TC05 Project Risk Management TC06 Estimating TC07 Business Case TC08 Marketing & Sales TC09 Project Reviews TC10 Definition TC11 Scope Management TC12 Modelling & Testing TC13 Methods & Procedures TC14 Project Quality Management TC15 Scheduling TC16 Resource Management TC17 Information Management & Reporting TC18 Project Management Plan TC19 Configuration Management TC20 Change Control TC21 Implementation TC22 Technology Management TC23 Budgeting & Cost Management TC24 Procurement TC25 Issue Management TC26 Development TC27 Value Management TC28 Earned Value Management TC29 Value Engineering TC30 Handover & Closeout Behavioural (9 Elements) BC01 Communication BC02 Teamwork BC03 Leadership BC04 Conflict Management BC05 Negotiation BC06 Human Resource Management BC07 Behavioural Characteristics BC08 Learning & Development BC09 Professionalism & Ethics Contextual (8 Elements) CC01 Project Sponsorship CC02 Health, Safety & Environmental Management CC03 Project Lifecycles CC04 Project Finance & Funding CC05 Legal Awareness CC06 Organisational Roles CC07 Organisational Structure CC08 Governance of Project Management Score Knowledge / Experience 1-3 Low Knows / Some 4-6 Medium Solid / Average (Average Results) 7-10 High Detailed / Broad (Good Results) Each competence is self-assessed by a project manager, scoring separately for knowledge and experience on this scale: APM Competence Framework Key Concepts KC01 Project Management KC02 Programme Management KC03 Portfolio Management KC04 Project Context KC05 Project Office To achieve IPMA levels A and B, competence must be demonstrated through management of APM defined complex projects. Mapped to the ICB, the APM Body of Knowledge and APM qualifications, this competence framework provides a tool to assess PM knowledge and experience and help identify training & development needs, including readiness to obtain APM professional qualifications.
  • 8. 8 of 17 Competence Framework as applied for RPP RPP Core Competencies (29 Elements) The APM competencies are grouped for applications for Registered Project Professional. Written evidence of knowledge of the core competencies, up to 150 words each, must be submitted as part of the RPP application. Evidence should reference previous projects that make up a project portfolio. Typically these projects must have been undertaken within the last eight years and must include management of APM defined complex projects. 1 Responsible Leadership BC03 Leadership BC09 Professionalism & Ethics 2 People Management TC03 Stakeholder Management BC01 Communication BC02 Teamwork BC04 Conflict Management BC05 Negotiation BC07 Behavioural Characteristics 3 Planning TC05 Project Risk Management TC14 Project Quality Management TC15 Scheduling TC16 Resource Management TC18 Project Management Plan 4 Organisation & Governance TC17 Information Management & Reporting TC20 Change Control TC23 Budgeting & Cost Management CC03 Project Lifecycles CC06 Organisational Roles CC08 Governance of Project Management 5 Executing TC09 Project Reviews TC11 Scope Management TC25 Issue Management 6 Tools & Techniques TC02 Project Success & Benefits Management TC04 Requirements Management TC06 Estimating 7 Business and Commercial Context TC07 Business Case CC01 Project Sponsorship CC02 Health, Safety & Environmental Management CC07 Organisational Structure RPP Complementary Competencies (18 Elements) Technical TC01 Concept TC08 Marketing & Sales TC10 Definition TC12 Modelling & Testing TC13 Methods & Procedures TC19 Configuration Management TC21 Implementation TC22 Technology Management TC24 Procurement TC26 Development TC27 Value Management TC28 Earned Value Management TC29 Value Engineering TC30 Handover & Closeout Behavioural BC06 Human Resource Management BC08 Learning & Development Contextual CC04 Project Finance & Funding CC05 Legal Awareness Written evidence of knowledge of the complementary competencies must be submitted, but APM Members and Fellows and those awarded APM PFQ or PQ already meet this RPP requirement.
  • 9. 9 of 17 The Office of Government Commerce was an independent office of HM Treasury, established to help Government deliver best value. Between 2000 and 2010, the OGC acted as sponsor for best practice of Project, Programme, Risk and Service Management. The portfolio includes PRINCE2, M_o_R, MSP, MoP, MoV, ITIL and P3O. This best management practice portfolio ownership was moved to the Cabinet Office in 2010. The portfolio was managed under contract by APM Group (APMG) until 2014 when Axelos, a joint venture between UK government and Capita, took over management of the portfolio. The portfolio covers many project management competencies and there is significant value for project management professionals. However, it is at turns insufficiently comprehensive, specialized, or aimed at a corporate level not always the most appropriate to all project managers. Office of Government Commerce (now Cabinet Office)
  • 10. 10 of 17 PRINCE was first developed in 1989 by the OGC as the standard approach to IT project management. Since enhanced and updated to become a generic, best practice approach suitable for the management of all types of projects. Launched in 2009, PRINCE2 is an update of this process-based approach. Certificates have been issued in over 150 countries with 57% in the UK. This is the most widely held project management certification in the world. Not aligned to the IPMA 4-L-C system. PRINCE2: Projects IN Controlled Environments Source: The Popularity of PRINCE2 Examinations, KnowledgeTrain (APMG, data, 1996 to 2012). Certification IPMA Valid Renewal Acquisition Pre-requisite PRINCE2 Foundation - - - 1 hour multiple choice exam: 75 questions of which 70 count, pass ≥50% (35/70) Confirms sufficient knowledge and understanding of the PRINCE2 method to enable effective working with, or as a member of, a PM team in a PRINCE2 supporting environment. Pass rate 97% in 2012. 675,506 certificates issued. PRINCE2 Practitioner - 5 years 1hr exam, pass ≥55% 2.5 hour exam: 8 questions, 10 marks each, open book (PRINCE2 manual only), pass ≥55% (44/80) PRINCE2 Foundation Confirms sufficient understanding of how to apply and tailor PRINCE2 in a scenario situation. Pass rate 75% in 2012. 371,707 certificates issued. PRINCE2 Foundation and Practitioner can be taken together in a 5 day course, cost £1,900. PRINCE2 Professional - - - 2.5 day assessment, interview & group work based on project case study, assessed against 19 performance criteria PRINCE2 Practitioner Tests ability to manage a non-complex full lifecycle PRINCE2 project. Extremely popular, but below IPMA level D and worth undertaking only if mandated by an employer or client or working in a PRINCE2 environment.
  • 11. 11 of 17 MSP is a set of principles and processes for use when managing a programme. Managing Successful Programmes Certification IPMA Valid Renewal Acquisition Pre-requisite MSP Foundation - - - 1 hour multiple choice exam: 75 questions of which 70 count, pass ≥50% (35/70) Confirms sufficient knowledge and understanding to interact effectively with those involved with the management of a programme. MSP Practitioner - 5 years 1.25 hour exam, pass ≥50% 2.5 hour exam: 4 questions, 20 marks each, open book (MSP Guide only), pass ≥50% (40/80) MSP Foundation Confirms sufficient knowledge and understanding of how to apply MSP. MSP Foundation and Practitioner can be taken together in a 5 day course, cost £2,300. MSP Advanced Practitioner - 5 years 1.25 hour exam, pass ≥50% 3 hour essay based exam: 2 questions, 75 marks in total, open book, pass ≥50% (38/75) MSP Practitioner Confirms if a candidate is likely to be able to lead and manage a programme. MSP Advanced Practitioner can be taken in a 2 day course, cost £900.
  • 12. 12 of 17 Considers risk from different organizational perspectives: strategic, programme, project and operational, aimed at corporate governance, aligned with ISO 31000, the risk management family of standards. Management of Risk Certification IPMA Valid Renewal Acquisition Pre-requisite M_o_R Foundation - - - 1 hour multiple choice exam: 75 questions of which 70 count, pass ≥50% (35/70) Confirms sufficient knowledge and understanding to contribute to the identification, assessment and control of risks across any organization. M_o_R Practitioner - 5 years 1hr exam, pass ≥55% 3 hour exam: 4 questions, 20 marks each, open book (specified M_o_R books only), pass ≥50% (40/80) M_o_R Foundation Confirms sufficient understanding of how to apply and tailor M_o_R in a scenario situation. M_o_R Foundation and Practitioner can be taken together in a 5 day course, cost £2,300. Certification IPMA Valid Renewal Acquisition Pre-requisite MoP Foundation - - - 40 minute multiple choice exam: 50 questions, pass ≥50% (25/50) Confirms sufficient knowledge and understanding to work as an informed member of a Portfolio Office or in a portfolio management role. Launched 2010. MoP Practitioner - - - 3 hour exam: 4 questions, 20 marks each, open book (MoP Guide only), pass ≥50% (40/80) MoP Foundation Confirms sufficient understanding of how to apply and tailor MoP and to analyse portfolio data, documentation and roles in relation to a scenario. Launched 2011. MoP Foundation and Practitioner can be taken together in a 5 day course, cost £2,300. Management of Portfolios Perhaps not the most appropriate risk management certification for a PM. Introduces the key concepts of portfolio management, benefits to an organization, and fit with current business processes. Aimed at those who prioritise investment across an organization's programmes and projects.
  • 13. 13 of 17 An evolution from the practice of value management across many sectors and over many years. Aimed at those involved in directing, managing, supporting and delivering portfolios, programmes and projects. Management of Value Certification IPMA Valid Renewal Acquisition Pre-requisite MoV Foundation - - - 40 minute multiple choice exam: 50 questions, pass ≥50% (25/50) Confirms sufficient knowledge and understanding to explain MoV to others and contribute to MoV activities led by others. MoV Practitioner - - - 2.5 hour exam: 8 questions, 10 marks each, open book (MoV Guide only), pass ≥50% (40/80) MoV Foundation Confirms sufficient understanding of how to apply and tailor MoV in a scenario situation. MoV Foundation and Practitioner can be taken together in 5 day course, cost £2,300. Information Technology Infrastructure Library ITIL is the most widely accepted approach to IT service management in the world and provides a cohesive set of best practice, drawn from the public and private sectors internationally. IT Service Management is driven both by technology and the huge range of organizational environments in which it operates and is in a state of constant evolution. Best practice, based on expert advice and input from ITIL users is both current and practical, combining the latest thinking with common sense. Not so relevant for project managers outside the IT service domain, so not described any further here. MoV is about maximizing value in line with the programme and project objectives and the key stakeholder requirements, and not just minimizing costs.
  • 14. 14 of 17 P3O guidance is a set of principles, processes and techniques to facilitate effective portfolio, programme and project management via enablement, challenge and support structures. PRINCE2, MSP, and M_o_R aligned. Portfolio, Programme and Project Offices Not particularly relevant for project management competence development, unless working within an office with a P3O model. Certification IPMA Valid Renewal Acquisition Pre-requisite P3O Foundation - - - 1 hour multiple choice exam: 75 questions of which 70 count, pass ≥50% (35/70) Confirms sufficient knowledge and understanding to interact effectively with, or act as an informed member of, an office with a P3O model. P3O Practitioner - - - 2.5 hour exam: 4 questions, 20 marks each, open book (P3O Guide only), pass ≥50% (40/80) P3O Foundation Confirms sufficient knowledge and understanding of the P3O guidance to design, implement, manage or work in any component office within a P3O model. P3O Foundation and Practitioner can be taken together in 5 day course, cost £1,900. The APM competence framework v2 now also describes Portfolio and PMO roles.
  • 15. 15 of 17 The Project Management Institute, founded in 1969, is a world leading not-for- profit membership association for the PM profession. PMI has 467,193 members and 714,987 credential holders in 204 countries. The PM Competency Development, PMCD, Framework is the PMI standard for project manager competence development, aligned with PMI’s Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide). PMI: Project Management Institute Certification IPMA Valid Renewal Acquisition Pre-requisite CAPM Certified Associate in Project Management - 5 years Re-exam 3 hour multiple choice exam: 150 questions, 135 scoring, 'Modified Angoff Method' to determine pass Degree and 1 year project experience or 23 hours PM training Confirms knowledge of the principles and terminology of PMBOK Guide. 2003 launch, 29,273 credential holders by 31 August 2015. Formal PM education element can be taken as 3 day course, cost £1,600. Certification fee $300 ($225 for PMI members). PMP Project Management Professional - 3 years 60 PDUs over 3 years 4 hour multiple choice exam: 200 questions, 175 scoring, 'Modified Angoff Method' to determine pass, allowed 3 attempts within 1 year Degree and 3 years as a project manager within the last 8 years plus 35 hours PM training Demonstrates experience, education and competency to lead and direct projects. 1984 launch, 669,688 credential holders by 31 August 2015. Formal PM education element can be taken as 5 day course, cost £2,100. Certification fee $555 ($405 for PMI members). PgMP Program Management Professional - 3 years 60 PDUs over 3 years 4 hour multiple choice exam: 170 questions, 150 scoring, 'Modified Angoff Method' to determine pass, allowed 3 attempts within 1 year Degree, 4 years each as a project and a program manager Recognizes advanced experience, skill, and performance in the oversight of multiple, related projects and their resources aligned with an organizational objective. 2007 launch, 1,376 credential holders by 31 August 2015. Certification fee $1,000 ($800 for PMI members). PfMP Portfolio Management Professional - 3 years 60 PDUs over 3 years 4 hour multiple choice exam: 170 questions, 150 scoring, 'Modified Angoff Method' to determine pass Degree, 4 years as a portfolio manager in last 15 years inc. 8 years business experience Recognizes ability in the coordinated management of one or more portfolios to achieve organizational objectives. 2013 launch, 252 credential holders by 31 August 2015. Certification fee $1,000 ($800 for PMI members).
  • 16. 16 of 17 PMI Practice Standards further define PM best practice. PMI certifications are not aligned to the IPMA 4-L-C system. Annual membership is $129, plus local chapter fee ($40 for UK) plus $10 registration fee. For a US based PM the PMI certification system is the best choice for career development. A UK based PM might also choose this route, especially if working predominantly with US based clients or perhaps in a US owned company. PMI: Project Management Institute (2) Certification IPMA Valid Renewal Acquisition Pre-requisite PMI-ACP PMI Agile Certified Professional - 3 years 30 PDUs over 3 years 3 hour multiple choice exam: 120 questions, 100 scoring, 'Modified Angoff Method' to determine pass 2,000 hours in a project team in last 5 years (or active PMP or PgMP), 1 year in Agile team or Agile methods work in last 3 years and 21 hours Agile practices training Demonstrates knowledge of and commitment to Agile approach to project management. 2012 launch, 9,271 credential holders worldwide by 31 August 2015. Certification fee $495 ($435 for PMI members). PMI-SP PMI Scheduling Professional - 3 years 30 PDUs over 3 years 3.5 hour multiple choice exam: 170 questions, 150 scoring, 'Modified Angoff Method' to determine pass Degree and 3500 hours project scheduling experience plus 30 hours project scheduling formal training Recognises competence to develop and maintain project schedules, while still possessing core knowledge skills in all areas of project management. 2008 launch, 1,394 credential holders worldwide by 31 August 2015. Certification fee $670 ($520 for PMI members). PMI-RMP PMI Risk Management Professional - 3 years 30 PDUs over 3 years 3.5 hour multiple choice exam: 170 questions, 150 scoring, 'Modified Angoff Method' to determine pass Degree and 2 years’ project risk management experience and 30 hours formal project risk management training Recognises competence in assessing and identifying project risks, mitigating threats and capitalizing on opportunities, while still possessing a core knowledge and practical application in all areas of project management. 2008 launch, 3,303 credential holders worldwide by 31 August 2015. Certification fee $670 ($520 for PMI members). Exam pass rate in range 40% to 75%. Source: Members and credential holders: PMI Today, November 2015.
  • 17. 17 of 17 Summary Project management suffers from a lack of professionalism Managing projects is a part of most career paths. Improvement efforts are often hampered by senior executives having successfully managed projects, persuading them that a shallow project management competence is sufficient. If you can change the engine oil does that qualify you to rebuild the engine? There is a vast difference between managing a small project and a large, complex project. Developing professional competence is a significant investment However, until a rigorous professional competence development is the norm for project managers leading large, complex projects, don’t expect any improvement in project results. It is also important that the environment is conducive to professional project management Most environments require tailoring of the PM development system to suit a particular domain. But this is only an additional layer to a common PM competence development. The best project management competence development system will be insufficient without fully committed executive sponsorship and a structured and consistent delivery framework. The real benefit that justifies investment in PM professionalism is better project results What is true for other disciplines is true for project management: the most significant change required to consistently produce better results is more professionally competent practitioners.
  • 18. 18 of 17 Author Profile In my board role I led a team of 22 Project Managers and 5 Quality Engineers, and ensured Roke’s £79m project portfolio delivered better than budget profit. I set-up and ran a virtual PMO and created REP, the Roke Engineering Process, also managing the engineering tools to support it. After 4 years as an electronics engineer for Siemens, achieving Chartered Engineer, I moved into project management for 14 years, at Siemens and Roke Manor Research. Successfully delivering Roke’s most challenging whole lifecycle product developments on time and under budget led to a role as Director and board member for 6 years. In 2013 I returned to hands-on project management as Programme Director at Cambridge Consultants, founder member of the Cambridge Science Park. Creator of the APM corporate accredited PM Excellence Programme, I chaired a quarterly PM forum to share best practice and built a supportive PM community. I coached seven PMs to RPP, five to PQ, and all passed APMP. These investments in PM professionalism led to a turn-around and annual improvement in project results across a 400 project portfolio and delivered an above budget performance in five consecutive years with profits totalling £7.9m above budget. Passionate advocate of PM professionalism, Fellow of the APM and the IET and author of articles published in Project and PM Today. Professional Development Winning Project Work Planning Estimating Risk Management Earned Value Management Change Control Stakeholder Management 3 Steps to Professional Project Management: Case Study ProjectManagementTopics