Carl LoBue, "TNC’s shellfish restoration efforts on Long Island NY: Achievements, lessons learned, and next steps," Baird Symposium
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Carl LoBue, Senior Marine Scientist, The Nature Conservancy Topic: The Value of Restoring Shellfish
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Carl LoBue, "TNC’s shellfish restoration efforts on Long Island NY: Achievements, lessons learned, and next steps," Baird Symposium
- 1. TNC’s shellfish restoration efforts on Long Island NY: Achievements, lessons learned, and next steps Baird Symposium: The Future of Shellfish in RI Nov 14, 2013 Carl LoBue, clobue@tnc.org
- 2. Ultimate objective Restore LI estuaries to thriving, healthy, naturally productive, self-sustaining ecosystems that benefit people and nature
- 4. Why Shellfish? No clam s 2 clam s 4 clam s 8 clam s Great South Bay NY, circa 1976 16 clam s
- 5. Four main challenges to bay-wide clam recovery Water quality / clam food quality Predation Yum Clams! Recruitment limitation Effective, coordinated harvest management and enforcement
- 6. Fishing and predation mortality “Whether the clams were abundant or scarce, commercial clammers on the Great South Bay have always been free to take as many as they want.” Newsday 12/22/2009
- 7. Increasing production of wild-born clams
- 8. Clam seed abundance and distribution Clam seed abundance and distribution
- 9. 2008 Brown Tide hits hard
- 10. GSB BT cell counts 2004-2012
- 11. Clam seed abundance and distribution
- 12. 9 10 C ondition Inde x Y-M e a n G onadaR ank Y-M e n 6 3 8 2 7 1 0 G onad R ank 5 Jan04 A pr04 Jul04 O ct04 Jan05 A pr05 Jul05 O ct05 Jan06 A pr06 Jul06 O ct06 Jan07 A pr07 Jul07 O ct07 Jan08 A pr08 Jul08 O ct08 Jan09 A pr09 Jul09 O ct09 Jan10 A pr10 Jul10 O ct10 Jan11 C ondi tion Index Clam condition and spawning 2004-2010 4 G SB - T ran splan t Site A
- 13. Conditions in GSB in 2011
- 14. Toxic algae bloom dashed hopes for 2012 scallop season “Scallops Suffer Massive Die-Off: Red Tide May Be To Blame” EHS 10/23/12 Just a few weeks ago, baymen and shellfish experts were brimming with optimism about what was expected to be a banner bay scallop harvest when the season opens next month. Some pointed to the predictions as a sign that the local scallop population had finally gotten past the devastation wreaked by brown tides in the 1980s and 1990s. This week, much of that optimism has evaporated. Scientists from Long Island University.., said they found as much as 90 percent mortality rates in the mammoth “set” of bay scallops that they recorded at the start of the summer
- 15. Sources of reactive nitrogen to coastal waters County land use data N-Load and ELM models quantify sources of Nitrogen loaded to LI bays 2008 Kinney and Valiela + 2010 USGS
- 17. ˜ 1M people live in the GSB groundwatershed SWSD has ocean outfall 20% GW to Ocean
- 18. N loads to GSB from watershed (684,000 kg N / yr) Fire Island 2% golf courses lawns 2% 7% agriculture 1% atm to land 20% septic/ cesspool 67% atm to STPs water 1% 0%
- 19. Total N Loads to Great South Bay (908,000 kg N/Yr) lawns 5% agriculture 0% golf Fire Island courses 2% 1% atm to land 15% atm to water 25% septic/ cesspool 51% STPs 1%
- 20. Linking development to groundwater N, case study, Bicycle Path (Suffolk County 2011)
- 21. Other impacts of excessive algal growth from nitrogen pollution LIS hypoxia
- 22. Algae symptoms are island-wide
- 23. Nitrogen enrichment impacts on seagrass from Butler (1999) Eelgrass is Essential Fish Habitat Thousands of acres of eelgrass have already disappeared
- 24. Nitrogen pollution impacts on saltmarshes Images from Nature 10/2012 CAT scans of marsh roots: Failing Stable Healthy marsh Impacted marsh
- 25. Population gains still possible Clam Seed Abundance and Distribution
- 26. New Sandy caused Inlet in eastern GSB Increased water clarity Lower dissolved nutrients Increased circulation with ocean water Transit of marine animals (fish and seals)
- 27. Positive response to new inlet / impacts not estuary wide
- 28. Unusually good growth near new inlet (Bellport Bay July 2013)
- 30. Future of shellfish in RI? • Articulate goals (fishery vs production vs ecosystem) • Address all major threats • Think ahead • Monitor / adapt • LI vs VCR • Commitment / Scale
- 31. Questions?
- 32. Development of the 2013 GSB brown tide