Waste water management

1. A PRESENTATION BY M.KARTHIKA SRI,SECOND
YEAR BIO-TECH
January 22, 2019 1Department of BIOTECHNOLOGY

2.  Water is the most important compound for
the existence of human beings ,plants and
animals.
 Rivers and lakes are the most common
sources of water used by municipalities.
 Now a days these water polluted by colloidal
impurities ,domestic sewages, industrial
effluents and disease producing bacterias.
January 22, 2019 2Department of BIOTECHNOLOGY

3. January 22, 2019 3Department of BIOTECHNOLOGY

4.  The sewage(or)waste water treatment
process involves the following steps such as;
Preliminary treatment
Primary treatment (or)settling
process
Secondary(or)biological process
Tertiary treatment
Disposal of sludge
January 22, 2019 4Department of BIOTECHNOLOGY

5. 1.Using coconut shell carbons
Coconut based carbon was found to remove 94%
of Cr solution after a 4 hrs contact time during
equilibrium batch tests.
2.Using rice-husk carbon (RHC)
Rice hulls (or) rice husk is a better and lowest cost
adsorbent used in water treatment process.The
activation form of rice husk adsorbent can be used for
the adsorption of Cr and Zn metal ion.
January 22, 2019 5Department of BIOTECHNOLOGY

6. 3.Using fly ash
Fly ash (or) coal fly ash blends are used for the
removal of heavy metals such as copper and
chromium ions from waste water.
4.Using clay and coal –based adsorbents
 Fuller’s earth and calcined kaoline have been
investigated for the removal of Pb and Cd from the
water.
 China clay was used for the removal of As and Zn
from distilled water.January 22, 2019 6Department of BIOTECHNOLOGY

7.  For Bottled water sold as “Natural Mineral
water”:
 3.2.1 Antimony 0.005 mg/l
 3.2.2 Arsenic 0.01 mg/l, calculated as total As
 3.2.3 Barium 0.7 mg/l1
 3.2.4 Borate 5 mg/l, calculated as B
 3.2.5 Cadmium 0.003 mg/l
 3.2.6 Chromium 0.05 mg/l, calculated as total
Cr
 3.2.7 Copper 1 mg/l
January 22, 2019 7Department of BIOTECHNOLOGY

8.  3.2.8 Cyanide 0.07 mg/l
 3.2.9 Fluoride See section 6.3.2
 3.2.10 Lead 0.01 mg/l
 3.2.11 Manganese 0.4 mg/l
 3.2.12 Mercury 0.001 mg/l
 3.2.13 Nickel 0.02 mg/l
 3.2.14 Nitrate 50 mg/l, calculated as nitrate
 3.2.15 Nitrite 0.1 mg/l as nitrite
 3.2.16 Selenium 0.01 mg/l
January 22, 2019 8Department of BIOTECHNOLOGY

9.  LifeStraw is a shaped like a straw but a few
inches thick, it uses halogenated resin to kill
bacteria and virus.
 Water is drunk straight through the straw. In
tests it could reduce levels of iodine and silver to
below toxicity.
 However it does not remove heavy metals such
as Lead (Pb) or Flouride (F), there is one version
available that can filter Arsenic.
 The LifeStraw is an expensive filter, but may well
save lives in connection with natural disasters
where quick, short-term relief is needed.
January 22, 2019 9Department of BIOTECHNOLOGY

10. January 22, 2019 10Department of BIOTECHNOLOGY

11.  Drumstick tree-M.oleifera
 Physic nut - J.curcas
 Cluster bean –Guargum
 Nirmal tree –S.potatonum
 Rosette flower –H.sabolariffa
 Hibiscus -H.rosacynancis.
 These absorb water pollutants from water.
January 22, 2019 11Department of BIOTECHNOLOGY

12.  It is the process of purify water from harmful
toxicants by passing the water through filter bed
containing wood barks of Amla
tree,chrysopogan zizanioides(vetti vaer) ,
arugam pul,drumstick seed without skin. When
the water process through the filtration medium
the filtration decreases slowly due to clogging of
impurities in the pores of the bed .
January 22, 2019 12Department of BIOTECHNOLOGY

13.  This process require low cost.
 It is an eco- friendly process.
 It easily reduces the heavy metals by
absorption.
 Easily acceptable by all acts.
 This is an bio degradable process.
 It can be applied to small scale to large scale
industries.
January 22, 2019 13Department of BIOTECHNOLOGY

14. PALAR RIVER:
 Palar river originates in nandidurgam
karnataka,flows for about 350Km through
andhra and tamilnadu.
 It supply drinking water for vellore
distric,now it polluted by the effluent of
various leather industry and it affects
40,000hectares of croplands.The industries
discharge large amount of Cr, Ca and organic
dyes.
January 22, 2019 14Department of BIOTECHNOLOGY

15.  West bengal ,bihar and bangladesh are
severly contaminated by the toxic heavy
metal arsenic.
 Excessive use of lead arsenate and copper
Arsenite as pesticides made a severe
problem in the river Ganga.
 Anchutengu –kodianam kulam ,kerala has
been polluted due to the soaking of coconut
husk for the production of coir fiber
January 22, 2019 15Department of BIOTECHNOLOGY

16. January 22, 2019 16Department of BIOTECHNOLOGY