Basic information of Bible. Summary of Old Testament and New Testament. Overview of Books and their authors. Overview of Authors of the Bible. Bible basic overview

1. Introduction to Bible
What is Bible?

2. The word Bible comes from the Koine Greek word ta biblia or “the books”
because the Bible contains 66 books.
It is literally ta (the) biblia (books) and sometimes called in the plural,
biblias or biblios. It is a collection of 40 authors written over at least 1,500
years.
These books are inspired by God and said to be written by the Holy Spirit
so the Bible is actually God speaking (2 Timothy 3:16).
The Holy Bible

3. 39 Books
Old Testament
27 Books
New Testament
The Bible was written over a period of about 1,600 years
by 40 different writers living in different time periods and
from different backgrounds.
Though different
writers were used there
Is but ONE author!
The Bible
contains
66
Books

4. The Forty Writers of the Bible
Who?
• Shepherds
• Priests / Prophets
• Kings
• Fishermen
• Common people
• Doctor
• Tax-collector
From
• Rome
• Jerusalem / Israel
• Babylon (Iraq)
• Persia (Iran)
• Greece
• Turkey

5. The Hebrew Bible contains 24 books that are in the Old Testament.
The Catholic Bible contains more than 66 books because it holds books of the Apocrypha or
Deuterocanonical books like Tobit, Judith, and 1 and 2 Maccabees. The word Apocrypha
actually means “hidden.”

7. The Torah or Pentateuch or Law - starts from the beginning of God's creating the world,
through the beginnings of the people of Israel, their descent into Egypt, and the giving of
the Torah at biblical Mount Sinai.
It ends with the death of Moses, just before the people of Israel cross to the promised
land of Canaan. Interspersed in the narrative are the specific teachings (religious
obligations and civil laws) given explicitly (i.e. Ten Commandments) or implicitly
embedded in the narrative (as in Exodus 12 and 13 laws of the celebration of Passover).
The Torah

8.  ADAM AS A TYPE OF CHRIST - (Rom 5:14) - Rom 5:15-19).
 MELCHIZEDEK AS A TYPE OF CHRIST - Hebrews 7/ Psalm 110:4
 ISAAC AS A TYPE OF CHRIST - (Gen 22:2). The similarity between this and what is
implied by John 1
 JOSEPH AS A TYPE OF CHRIST
• Joseph and Christ are both objects of special love by their fathers
• both are hated by their brethren; both are rejected as rulers over their brethren;
• both are conspired against and sold for silver;
• both are condemned though innocent; and
• both are raised from humiliation to positions of exaltation by the power of God
 JUDAH AS A TYPE OF CHRIST
 PASSOVER LAMB AS A TYPE OF CHRIST
 THE ROCK AS A TYPE OF CHRIST
 THE BRONZE SERPENT AS A TYPE OF CHRIST
References as Jesus Christ in Torah

9.  Tells about the beginning of the nation Israel & how God gave them His Laws
 Possession of their land, the establishment of the kingdom, the captivity and return to their land
 Job is about man’s question about suffering
 Psalms is a collection of poems put to music
Proverbs is a collection of short wise sayings
Ecclesiastes tells how to live life in a world where all is vanity
Song of Solomon is a poem about true romantic love
 Throughout the history of Israel, various prophets predicted that SOMEONE from Israel will one
day be a SAVIOR & KING of the world
EXODUS, LEVITICUS, NUMBERS, DEUTERONOMY
BOOKS OF HISTORY WRITTEN BY VARIOUS AUTHORS
BOOKS OF POETRY AND WISDOM
PROPHETS

14. All 27 books written after the death of Jesus.
First four tell an independent account of the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus
Called the four gospels (gospel is a Greek word for “good news”)
Named after the authors – Matthew, Mark, Luke, John. Three were eyewitnesses, Luke knew many of
the eyewitnesses.
Jesus lived & died in 30 A.D., all 27 New Testament books were written while eyewitnesses were alive.
The Four Gospels give evidence that Jesus is the Christ (the anointed of God), the one predicted in the
Old Testament times.
Shows how prophecy was fulfilled in the life and death of Jesus
Tell the purpose of Jesus’ coming
Reveal his perfect life and service
Gives the true source of his teaching
Gives evidence that he is the Son of God and deserves our worship
Help us understand why his own nation killed him
Summary of New Testament

15. Pentateuch - Moses
Authors of the books of Bible – Old Testament
The Books of History
The Books of history are so named because they contain
historical records and these books include:
Joshua - Joshua (except the parts relating to his death)
Judges Samuel, Nathan, Gad
Ruth - possibly by Samuel (Few others mention as
Nathan & Gad)
1 & 2 Samuel - Samuel, Nathan, Gad
We know that Samuel wrote a book (1 Samuel 10:25),
and it is very possible that he wrote part of this book as
well. Other possible contributors to 1 Samuel are the
prophets/historians Nathan and Gad (1 Chronicles 29:29).
1 & 2 Kings - Jeremiah
1 & 2 Chronicles - Ezra
Ezra - Ezra
Nehemiah - Nehemiah, Ezra
Esther - Mordecai: It is probable that the book was
compiled after his death based on his personal records
The Books Poetry
Job- Moses may have compiled the book based on Job’s
records. Few say Elihu.
Psalms - by David, and several others including Asaph, Ezra, the
sons of Korah, Heman, Ethan, Moses and a host of unnamed
authors
Proverbs - Solomon: Agur and Lemuel are specifically named as
the writers of Proverbs 30 and 31
Ecclesiastes - Solomon
Song of Solomon –Solomon (though this is debated)

16. Major Prophets
The Major Prophets are so named because their
books are longer,
not because they are more important.
Isaiah - Isaiah
Jeremiah - Jeremiah
Lamentations - Jeremiah
Ezekiel - Ezekiel
Daniel - Daniel
Minor Prophets
The Minor Prophets are so named because they are shorter
not because they are less important.
Hosea - Hosea
Joel - Joel
Amos - Amos
Obadiah - Obadiah
Jonah - Jonah
Micah - Micah
Nahum - Nahum
Habakkuk - Habakkuk
Zephaniah - Zephaniah
Haggai - Haggai
Zechariah - Zechariah
Malachi - Malachi
Authors of the books of Bible - Prophets

17. Authors of the books of Bible - New Testament
Gospels
Matthew - Matthew
Mark - John Mark
Luke - Luke
John - John, the Apostle
History
Acts - Luke
Pauline Epistles
Romans
1 & 2 Corinthians
Galatians
Ephesians
Philippians
Colossians
1& 2 Thessalonians
1 & 2 Timothy
Titus
Philemon
General Epistles
Hebrews - Paul, Luke, Barnabas, Apollos
James - James: there are several men named James
who could have been the author. Most scholars say
this is James the brother of Jesus and Jude (not the
Apostle, brother of John).
1 & 2 Peter - Peter
1,2,3 John - John, the Apostle
Jude - Jude, the brother of Jesus and James, not the
Apostle (Jude 17)
Prophecy
Revelation - John the Apostle

18. CHAPTERS VERSES
OLD
TESTAMENT
929 23,214
NEW TESTAMEN
T
260 7,959
ENTIRE BIBLE 1,189 31,173
Books of the Bible originally did not contain chapter or verse references.
The Bible was divided into chapters and verses to help us find Scriptures more quickly and easily.
Was developed by Stephen Langton, an Archbishop of Canterbury. Langton put the modern chapter divisions
into place in around A.D. 1227. The Wycliffe English Bible of 1382 was the first Bible to use this chapter pattern.
The Hebrew Old Testament was divided into verses by a Jewish rabbi by the name of Nathan in A.D. 1448.
Robert Estienne, who was also known as Stephanus, was the first to divide the New Testament into standard
numbered verses, in 1555. Stephanus essentially used Nathan's verse divisions for the Old Testament.
How many Chapters and Verses?
Who bifurcated Chapters and Verses?

19. Languages written
The Bible was actually written in three different ancient- languages: Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek.
Old Testament – Hebrew & Aramaic
New Testament - Greek
Bible now is translated in over 2,000 different languages
Which language did Jesus Speak?

20. To Learn of God
- Proverbs 2:1-5; 2 Timothy 3:14-17
To Maintain Spiritual Life
- Matthew 4:4; Job 23:12
 To Be Sure of the Truth
- I Peter 4:11; Acts 17:11; I Thess. 5:21-22; John 8:32
To Avoid Sin
- Psalms 119:11; John 17:17; I Cor 15:34; Hosea
4:6; Hebrews 5:12-14
To Come to Christ
- John 5:38-40; Matthew 11:28-30; John 12:48