Bihar is a state located in East India with Patna as its capital. Some key points: 1) Bihar has a long and rich cultural history as the location of ancient kingdoms and the birthplace of Buddhism. It was a center of power for over 1000 years. 2) The state has many important religious and heritage sites including Bodh Gaya, Rajgir, and Vaishali that are popular tourist destinations related to Buddhism. 3) Bihar struggles with development issues but efforts are being made to improve education through new universities and institutes. Literacy rates have risen in recent decades.

1. BIHAR: CULTURAL PLACE OF INDIA
PRESENTED BY :- PRASHANT SINGH

2. overview
 Bihar – the name is derived from “Vihara” –
a land of monasteries
 Full form of Bihar: B-Bharat
I- India
H-Hindustan
A-Aryavart
R-Reva
 Region: East India
 Capital: Patna (old name Patliputra)
 Largest City: Patna
 Total no. of Districts:38
 Total no. of Blocks:534
 Total divisions:9
 Total towns: 199
 Total Pancahyats:8406

3.  Total no. of villages: 45103
 Total no. of Police stations:853
 Literacy: 63.82%
 Sex Ratio:916
 Highest literacy rate: Rohtas 75.59%
 Lowest literacy rate: Purnia 52.49%
 Population:
Contd……
10,38,04,637

4.  Upper northeast corner of India and in the
southern foothills of the Himalaya Mountain
Range, touching Nepal
 One of the most notable features of Bihar is its
location in the Indo-Gangetic Plain.
 This plain is very fertile, making it ideal for an
agrarian society.
 Area- 94163 km2
 Area rank- 13th
Geography

5. Bihar- Ancient India
 Magadha Kingdom (capital – Rajagriha or
Rajgir) ….. Jarasandh
 Ancient Bihar – Magadha (capital-
Pataliputra), was the center of power,
learning, and culture in India for 1000 years
 Land of Mauryan empire (321-185 BC; India’s
first empire) , Buddhism & Jainism – religion &
revolution

6. Contd…
 First known republics in the world, Licchavi,
existed in the region.
 Lord Mahavira - born at Vaishali - attained
nirvana at Pawapuri, near Rajgir (599–527 BCE)
 Enlightenment – Prince Siddhartha Gautama
becomes Buddha – under Bodhi (pipal) tree, in
Bodh Gaya

7. Golden age of India
 Gupta Empire (320-550 CE)
- Chandragupta I, Samudragupta, and Chandragupta
II, Kalidasa, Aryabhata, Varahamihira, Vishnu
Sharma and Vatsyayana
 The time of the Gupta Empire was an "Indian Golden
Age" in Indian science, technology, engineering, art,
dialectic, literature, logic, mathematics, astronomy,
religion and philosophy
Kalidasa writing The Cloud Messenger

8. Ashoka the Great
“In the history of the world there have been
thousands of kings and emperors who called
themselves 'their highnesses,' 'their majesties,' and
'their exalted majesties' and so on. They shone for a
brief moment, and as quickly disappeared. But
Ashoka shines and shines brightly like a bright star,
even unto this day.”
--- H.G. Wells
View of the Pillar at Vaishali

9. Pre and Post Independence
 Babu Kunwar Singh of Jagdishpur as well as
countless other persons from Bihar,
contributed to the India's First War of
Independence/ Sepoy Mutiny (1857).
• It was from Bihar that Mahatma Gandhi
launched his pioneering civil-disobedience
movement, Champaran Satyagraha.
• Jayaprakash Narayan (JP or Loknayak) –
Indian independence activist and political
leader, remembered especially for
successfully leading the opposition to
Emergency (Indira Gandhi) in the 1970s and
for giving a call for peaceful Total Revolution

10. The polity of Bihar
 First Chief Minister: Krishna singh
 Governor: Ram Nath Kovind
 Chief Minister: Mr Nitish Kumar
 Legislature: Legislative assembly- 243
Legislative council- 25
 Parliamentary constituency: 40
 High court- Patna
 Currently two political formations- JDU and BJP
 Three parties comes together in this 2015 election (JDU,RJD and
Congress)
 And in against of these BJP joined with LSP and HAM

11. Polity (cont’d) 1990-1997 – Lalu Prasad Yadav
- Good start (lots of promises)
- Corruption charges forced his resignation but anointed
his wife CM (Puppet CM)
- 1997-2005 (Rabri Devi)
further deterioration of administration
- Voted out of power in 2005
The state of Jharkhand was carved out of Bihar in
the year 2000
 2005- till now – Nitish Kumar
- Hope, law & order improvement
- Good work: agriculture, education, industry, corruption
control, infrastructure
- On right track (so far) …..

12. Famous Personalities
Ancient
 Aryabhata
 Ashoka
 Chanakya
 Chandragupta Maurya
 Gonu Jha
 Guru Gobind Singh
 Samudragupta
 Sher Shah Suri
 Vātsyāyana
 Veer Kunwar Singh
Nationalists and independence activists
 Babu Kunwar Singh
 Dr. Rajendra Prasad
 Jagjivan Ram
 Satyendra Narayan Singh
 Mulana Mazharul Haque
 Jayaprakash Narayan
Rishi Shushrut, the father of surgery

13. Contd…..
Writers and scholars
 Ram Sharan Sharma
 Phanishwar Nath Renu
 Ramjee Singh
 Ramesh Chandra Jha
 Acharya Shivpujan Sahay
 George Orwell
 Valmiki wrote Ramayan, the greatest
Epic of World.
 Ramdhari Singh 'Dinkar'
National/ International Award Winners
 Bidhan Chandra Roy
 Dr. Rajendra Prasad
 Jayaprakash Narayan
 Bismillah Khan

14. Contd….
President
 Dr. Rajendra Prasad
 Sir Anerood Jugnauth
 Parmanand Jha
Prime Minister
 Seewoosagur Ramgoolam
 Sir Anerood Jugnauth
 Navin Ramgoolam
 Girija Prasad Koirala
Film Directors
 Imtiaz Ali
 Manish Vatsalya
 Prakash Jha
Actors
 Sushant Singh Rajput
 Shatrughan Sinha
 Manoj Bajpai
 Sanjay Mishra (actor)
 Shekhar Suman
 Rajesh Kumar (actor)

15. Contd…….
Actress
 Neha Sharma
 Sonakshi Sinha
 Poonam Sinha
 Sandali Sinha
 Shilpa Shukla
 Ratan Rajput
Singers
 Daler Mehndi
 Sharda Sinha
 Manoj Tiwari
 Aditya Narayan
 Mika Singh
Religion
 Mahavira
 Gautama Buddha
 Guru Gobind Singh
Mathematics and science
 Rajit Gadh
 Vashishtha Narayan Singh
 Aryabhatt(discover decimal and
zero), the great ancient
mathematician

16. Contd…..
Business
 Anil Agarwal, (Vedanta Group)
 Arunabh_Kumar, (CEO of TheViralFever)
 Aditya Jha
 Sanjay Jha
 Subrata Roy, (Sahara Group)
 Anil Sharma, [Amrapali Group]
 Prabhakant Sinha, (Co-Founder, ZS Associates)
 Samprada Singh

17. Famous tourist destinations
 Patna
 Gaya
 Bodh Gaya
 Rajgir
 Bhagalpur
 Sonpur
 Vaishali

18. Gaya
 Gaya: ancient Hindu city
 Pitra Tarpan mela – The ritual of offering oblations of
water to our ancestors is referred to as Pitra Tarpan
 Gaya derives its name from the mythological demon
Gayasur

19. Bodhgaya
 Near the holy city of Gaya, the Buddha attained enlightenment.
 The tree that had sheltered him came to be known as the Bodhi tree and the place Bodhgaya.
 Today Bodhgaya, an important place of pilgrimage, has a number of monasteries, some of them
established by Buddhists of Japan, Thailand, Myanmar, Sri Lanka etc.

20.  Vaishali was an important centre of trade and commerce in ancient times.
There are two stupas in Vaishali, which, according to Buddhist literature,
enshrined Lord Buddha’s ashes.
Places to visits:
Budha Stupa-I
Ashokan Pillar
Budha Stupa-II
Bawan Pokhar Temple
Abhiskek Pushkarn
Peace Pagoda or Shanti Stupa
Fort of King Vishal
Vaishali Tourist Attractions

21. Golghar
Har Mandir Takht – One Of The Four Sacred Shrines Of The
Sikhs
City of Patna
Mahatma Gandhi Setu
– One of the longest river bridges in the world
Patna Museum

22. Sonpur fair
 The Sonepur cattle fair - the largest cattle fair in Asia - is a month
long event starting approximately half a month after Deepawali.
 It is held on the banks of the Gandak River in the town of Sonpur
 Chandragupta Maurya used to buy elephants and horses across the
river ganges
 Between 4-6 million people visits this fair.

23. Many farm animals can be bought at
the Sonpur mela from all breeds of
dogs, buffaloes, donkeys, Persian
horses, rabbits, goats and even the
occasional camel.
The Sonpur Fair is the only place
where such a large number of
elephants are traded.

24.  Rajgir just 15 kms from Nalanda is located the
complex of temples and
 It is one of the most important tourist places in
India. Being located in a valley, Rajgir is a very
scenic place.
 This place has been associated with Lord Buddha
and Buddhism. Buddha not only spent many years
in Rajgir but also delivered sermons here and
proselytized emperor Bimbisar at the
Griddhakoota hill.
rajgir tourism

25. Paintings of Mithila
 Madhubani painting is a style of Indian painting
practiced in the Mithila region of Bihar.
 Tradition states that this style of painting originated at
the time of the Ramayana, when King Janak
commissioned artists to do paintings at the time of
marriage of his daughter, Sita, to Lord Ram

26. Ganga Aarti at Gandhi Ghat in Patna
 Ganga Aarti is a Spectacular
Hindu Ritual that takes place on
the Bank of River Ganga at
Gandhi Ghat in Patna.
In order to have the best
glimpse of Ganga Aarti, tourists
hires a Boat or view it from MV
Ganga Vihar, the floating
restaurant.

27. Main Festivals
 Chhath
- Worship of Sun God
 Teej
- Worship of Goddess Parvati
 Shravani mela (Baidyanathdham)
- Worship of Shiva
- Pilgrims, known as Kanwarias, wear saffron colored clothes - collect
water from a sacred Ghat at Sultanganj - walk the 108 km stretch
barefooted to the town of Deoghar to bathe a sacred Shiva Linga

28.  The Goddess who is worshipped during the famous
Chhath Puja is known as Chhathi Maiya.
 Chhathi Maiya is known as Usha in the Vedas.
 She is believed to be the consort of Surya, the sun
god.
Chhath-Worship of Sun God

29. Education
 Historically, Bihar has been a major centre of learning, home to the ancient universities of Naland
(established in 450 CE) and Vikramshild (established in 783 AD).
 After independence Bihar lost the pace in terms of establishing a centre of education. Modern Bihar
has inadequate educational infrastructure creating a huge mismatch between demand and supply
 Revival: Science College, BIT Mesra, IIT, NIT, NIFT Patna, National Institute of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research (NIPER); Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences; Chanakya National
Law University a law university and Chandragupt Institute of Management a management institute
was established in later half of 2008.
 The All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) in Patna may become functional by September
2012

30. All India Institute of Medical Sciences Patna
 All India Institute of Medical Sciences Patna (AIIMS Patna) is a medical college
and medical research public university based in Patna, Bihar, India.
 AIIMS Patna is spread over 134 acre ,comprising the main medical college campus
on 100 acres and residential campus on 34 acre.
 The AIIMS, near Walmi institute at Phulwari Sharif, Patna started operating on 25
September 2012

31.  Super 30 is an Indian educational program that started in Patna,
Bihar, India under the banner of 'Ramanujan School of
Mathematics', by Anand Kumar.
Super 30
Established in 2002, the program selects 30 meritorious and
talented candidates each year from economically backward
sections of society and trains them for the IIT-JEE, the entrance
examination for Indian Institute of Technology
Time Magazine has selected mathematician Anand
Kumar's school - Super 30 - in the list of Best of Asia 2010
 Super 30 received praise from United States President
Barack Obama's special envoy Rashad Hussain, who
termed it the “best” institute in the country

32.  crime rate in Bihar is half of
crime rate in Mumbai
 Rape in Bihar is less as compared to Delhi, Madhya
Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan
 Bihar is only large state where no
farmer committed suicide.
 Bihar has produced more number of IAS officer than
Kerala, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra and Gujarat
combined.

Is it true what others talks about bihar??

33. The village came in limelight in 2010, when it
was reported that the families plant a minimum
of 10 trees, whenever a girl child is born.
The tree-planting had been going on for
generations, by 2010, the village with a
population of 7,000, had over 100,000 trees,
mostly of mango and lychee.
Dharhara, Bhagalpur
Tree plantations

34. shopping malls in bihar
 Amrapali Mall
 U B Tower
 The Grand Mall
 Dwarika City Center
 DRB Palace
 P&M Mall
 Vasundhara Metro Mall
 The Mall
 Shatabdi Mall
 Patna One Mall(Meridian mall)
 GV Mall
 Gardenia Gravity
 City Centre Patna
 JD Mall
 P Mall
 FM-2 Mall
 Lakhan Mall
 Bailey Square
 Patna Central
 Vaishali Mall
 UFO Mall
 Ashok Mall
 Cinekrishna

36. SWOT Analysis
 Great cultural and historical legacy.
 Rich heritage and great potential for
tourism
 Cultural artifacts and global appeal of its
legacy.
 Diligent, smart and intelligent and
competent human capital.
 Highly passionate, young dynamic,
never say die attitude gives Biharis the
winning edge.
 Global presence of Bihari Diaspora
across the globe and great support
groups of NRB’s. Biharis are highly
successful in all walks of life.
 Highly fertile land and organized
agricultural sector.
 Lack of proper infrastructure like
power, road and health services.
 Low employment opportunities and
heavy dependence on agrarian
sector.
 High rate of crime , violence and
governance issues.
 Negative bias of media and lack of
support from all quarters.
 Low on human development index.
 Society divided on the basis of caste,
region and feudal mindset.
 Casual approach towards the Brand
Bihar ,self serving bias due to which
Biharis fail to act collectively for the
cause of state.
Strengths WeaknessWeaknesses

37. SWOT analysis
Apathy of institutions and central govt
towards the cause of the state.
Law and order situation and kidnapping
menace.
Social division and political intervention in
every sphere of society.
High expectations and dependence on
govt. institutions for making any change
initiative.
Negative bias of media and history of
neglect.
Unlike other states with similar problems
Bihar has been slow to respond to
external and internal challenges.
Opportunities Threats
A new sense of pride and Bihari sub
nationalism among Biharis across the world.
Brain drain in the past , the talent which has
gone out of the state wants to give it
back.NRB’s are willing to invest and contribute
in the revival process.
Has high credit ratios and untapped human
capital, if utilized in Bihar it can change the
fortunes of Bihar.
High expectations and dependence on govt.
institutions for making any change initiative.
Global tourism potential as its know as the land
of Buddha and Ashoka.
Has great products like Madhubani painting
and kamasutra which Can be marketed in a
big bang way to the developed countries .
Threats

38. Potential for Agro and Food Processing
Paddy: 50 lacs MT produced in an area of 40
lacs Ha
Maize: 20 lacs MT produced in an area of 7
lacs Ha
Vegetables: Third largest producer, approx
130 Lacs MT
Fruits: Seventh Largest produces, approx 30
lacs MT
Unique products: Litchi and Makhana

39. Opportunities for rice-based industries
 Modern Rice Mills
 Some famous fine varieties: Katarani, Sona Chood
 Thriving milling industry in Rohtas, Buxar, Kaimur, Aurangabad,
Bhojpur
 Bihar is one of the largest markets for milled rice
 Current milling capacity in the state not enough to meet the
demand
 Husk Based Power Plants
 Large quantity of Paddy production
 Productivity of Bhabhua one of the highest in India – 3.11t/ha

40. Fruits & Vegetable Based Processing
 Litchi Processing
 Bihar produces 75% of the litchi in the country
 Highly perishable fruit, processing center should be close to
production
 Shahi litchi flavour is absent outside the Muzaffarpur litchi cluster
 Only 5000 MT of processing capacity in Bihar, not even 5 % of
estimated production
 Litchi producing area well connected by road and rail
 Other Fruits and Vegetable Processing
 Banana ripening and processing: About 10 lacs MT production
in Vaishali and Bhagalpur region
 Makhana: 20, 000 MT of production in districts like Darbhanga,
Madhubani, Purnea and Katihar