The Computers are classified into different Generations from 1st Generation to 5th generation computers are explained.

3. The Computers are classified into different
Generations from 1st Generation to 5th
generation computers. Classification and the
time periods are given below
Generation of Computers
First
Generation of
computers
(1945-1955)
Fourth
Generation of
computers
(1964-1971)
Third
Generation of
computers
(1964-1971)
Second
Generation of
computers
(1957-1963)
Fifth
Generation of
computers
((1972
Onwards)

4. First Generation of Computers (1945-1955)
 The first digital computer parts used is vacuum tubes.
 The computers were the use of magnetic drums for memory and were
often enormous and taking up entire room.
 For required large amount of energy for processing
 The first generation of computer devices Examples : ENIAC and UNIVAC

5. Second Generation of Computers (1956-1963)
 Transistors replaced vacuum tube
 Second generation of computers replace machine language with
assembly language
 This generation computers that were smaller, faster, more reliable and
more efficient
 High-level languages were also being developed at this time, such as
early versions of COBOL and FORTRAN.

6. Third Generation of Computers (1964-1971)
 The development of the integrated circuit
 Transistors were miniaturized and placed on silicon chips, called
semiconductors.
 third generation computers through keyboards and monitors
and interfaced with an operating system. That allowed machines to run
many different programs at once with a central program that monitored
memory.
 Example: IBM System/360

7. Fourth Generation of Computers (1972 Onwards)
 The microprocessor brought the fourth generation of computers, as
thousands of integrated circuits were built onto a single silicon chip.
 The Intel 4004 chip, developed in 1971, located all the components of
the computer.
 From the central processing unit and memory to input/output controls—
on a single chip.
 Fourth generation computers also saw the development of GUIs,
the mouse and handheld devices.
 Example: Intel processers

8. Fifth Generation of Computers (Present and future)
 Fifth generation computing devices, based on artificial intelligence.
 Are still in development, though there are some applications, such
as voice recognition.
 The use of parallel processing and superconductors is helping to make
artificial intelligence a reality.
 The goal of fifth-generation computing is to develop devices that respond
to natural language input and are capable of learning and self-
organization.
 Example HAL9000