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FORMACIÓN DE PALABRAS
As palabras están formadas polos seguintes elementos:
- lexema ou raíz: parte que achega o significado léxico e a súa presenza é
obrigada en todas as palabras:
- morfema: parte que pode achegarlle significado gramatical ( xº ou nº...) ou
completar o seu significado léxico. Poden ser de dous tipos:
a) flexivos ou gramaticais: xº e nº.
b) derivativos: prefixos ( van diante do lexema) crean palabras novas pero
non alteran a categoría gramatical da palabra base ( director/
vicedirector) ou sufixos ( van detrás do lexema) e poden ser alterativos
que modifican o significado da palabra pero non a súa categoría
gramatical (diminutivos, aumentativos ou despectivos: homiño, casaza,
fracucho) ou derivativos que modifican o significado da palabra e poden
modificar a súa categoría gramatical ( preguiza / preguiceiro)
c) desinenciais: propios dos verbos.
CLASES DE PALABRAS SEGUNDO A SÚA MORFOLOXÍA
SIMPLES: formadas por un ÚNICO LEXEMA e poden levar morfemas flexivos
de xº e nº: gatas
DERIVADAS: formadas por un lexema e morfemas derivativos: caseiros.
PARASINTÉTICAS: dúas formas: a) composición e derivación :
botafumeiro b) sufixación e prefixación simultáneas: descampado.
COMPOSICIÓN: dous ou máis lexemas : paraugas

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Ben.pdf

  • 1. FORMACIÓN DE PALABRAS As palabras están formadas polos seguintes elementos: - lexema ou raíz: parte que achega o significado léxico e a súa presenza é obrigada en todas as palabras: - morfema: parte que pode achegarlle significado gramatical ( xº ou nº...) ou completar o seu significado léxico. Poden ser de dous tipos: a) flexivos ou gramaticais: xº e nº. b) derivativos: prefixos ( van diante do lexema) crean palabras novas pero non alteran a categoría gramatical da palabra base ( director/ vicedirector) ou sufixos ( van detrás do lexema) e poden ser alterativos que modifican o significado da palabra pero non a súa categoría gramatical (diminutivos, aumentativos ou despectivos: homiño, casaza, fracucho) ou derivativos que modifican o significado da palabra e poden modificar a súa categoría gramatical ( preguiza / preguiceiro) c) desinenciais: propios dos verbos. CLASES DE PALABRAS SEGUNDO A SÚA MORFOLOXÍA SIMPLES: formadas por un ÚNICO LEXEMA e poden levar morfemas flexivos de xº e nº: gatas DERIVADAS: formadas por un lexema e morfemas derivativos: caseiros. PARASINTÉTICAS: dúas formas: a) composición e derivación : botafumeiro b) sufixación e prefixación simultáneas: descampado. COMPOSICIÓN: dous ou máis lexemas : paraugas