1. Inclusive Education:
Frameworks and Models
of Indian School
Pooja Arya

2. What is Inclusion?
Paradigm shift for education systems to include and serve ALL
children
Students with disabilities or different abilities attend regular
schools and classrooms
Every child is equal participant in the learning process with the supports they
require to succeed

3. Why Inclusion?
Children from
different backgrounds
Different
needs
Different
abilities
Different
Languages
+
=+
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4. Population of Children with
disabilities and types of disability
Source : All India survey of out of school children of age 6-13 years, SRI-IMRB, 2010
Estimated total number of children in 6-13 age group is 190.58 million,
of this 2.90 million (1.51%) are children with disabilities

5. Misconception About Inclusive
Education
It is not fitting in existing system
Modifying schools and teaching methods to accommodate learning needs
and styles of all

6. Education, a fundamental Right
86th constitutional amendment act 2002, free and compulsory education for
all children in 6-14 age group is a now a Fundamental Right under Article
21-A of the constitution.
Source : National information centre, 2007, p.1.9.3c
The persons with disabilities Act, 1995 advocates education of children with
disabilities in appropriate environment till they attain age of 18 years
SSA, the national educational initiative to help realise the universal
elementary education policy describes the education placement of CWSN
and state that " as far as possible, every CWSN should be placed in regular
schools with needed support services"

7. Bruner and Vygotsky
Role of social environment
Zone of proximal
development
Scaffolding
Spiral Curriculum
Collaborative
Learning
Guided
Learning
Co-operative
Learning

8. Pedagogical practices and
learning outcomes
A. Differentiated Instructions
B. Adaptation

9. Model A
Delhi based private school
Board affiliated to - CBSE
Type - Co-education
Medium of instruction - English
- Integration and inclusion
- Separate setup for children with sever disabilities within school.
For example - non-verbal child on autism specturm
Caters to children who cannot follow classroom curriculum
Provides class support with differentiated curriculum, assisted by
special educator and separate IEP

10. Model B
Bangalore based International school
Board affiliated to - IB
Type - Co-education
Medium of instruction - English
- Inclusion
- Provides classroom support and adapted curriculum
- Differentiated instructions used by the class teacher
- Class support, differentiated and adapted assessment provided by
the special educator
- Separate IEP (if required)

11. Similarities
- English medium school
- Classroom support provided by the special educator
- Differentiated curriculum and assesment

12. Differences
- Affiliated to different boards
- Functions on different models
- Integration & Inclusion
- Inclusion
- Role of class teacher
- Different kind of class support
- Different curriculum and assessment in class