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1. GLOBAL WARMING
PRESENTED BY:
PAYAL HASMUKHBHAI KYADA

2. Global warming is arguably the most criticle and controversial issue
facing the world in 21st
century .
 They Green house gases keep our planet warm.
exits naturally in the atmoshpher , heating it by trapping energy that
has originally come from the sun. This process is called the natural
GREENHOSE EFFECT.
 Global warming is the increase in the average tempeture of the
Earth’s near – surface AIR and the OCEANs since the mid twentieth
century in the world.
 Global warming is not new as this process occurs naturally and
keeps the Earth’s temperature about 5o degrees .
INTRODUCTION

3. DEFINITION
•NOUN
“ An increase in the average
temperature of the earth’s
atmosphere and oceans ,
especially a sustained increase
sufficient to cause climate
change “.

4. WHAT IS GLOBAL WARMING?
 Global warming is the increase of Earth’s average
surface temperature due to effect of green house
gases ,such as carbon dioxide from burning sfoel
that would otherwise escape from Earth. This is a
type of greenhose effect.
 Temperatures are risning we have dramatically
increased the amount of carbon dioxide in the
Earth’s atmosphere ,by burning fossil fuels such as
coal , gas ,and oil, and by clearing forests.

5. WHAT IS GREENHOUSE EFFECT?
 Gas in the atmosphere ,such a water carbon
dioxide,methane, CFCs and nitrous oxide ,absorb
inreared light and would otherwise to space
radrecing is back towards the planet’s surface.
 These gases are called “Greenhouse gases “ and
they have a critical role in determining the
temprature of the Earth’s surface and the living
conditions on the plane.
 This natural process is called the “Greenhouse
effect”.

6. EFFECT ON GLOBAL WARMING ?
 Earth’s surface to a new high of 14.54 degree
centigrade.
 Rise in temperature was marked by unusually
severe weather in many parts of the world.
 The irony of this global warming is that while it
could reduce climate changes by drying up rains.
 It could also raise sea levels with disastrous
consequences for is lands and low – levels coastal
areas.

7.  Greenhouse gas : A gas which traps the sun’s heat:
 Water vapor (H2O)
 Carbon dioxide (CO2) - exhaust from cars and power
plants.
 Methane (CH4) - from decomposing organic matter .
Carbon dioxide and methane levels are at their highest
levels in the past 4,20,000 years.

10. KYOTO PROTOCOL
 A 1997 international treaty designed to limit global greenhouse
gas emissions during the years 2008 – 2012 .
 GOAL : to reduce greenhouse – gas emissions 5 % below 1990 levels.
 The United states and Australia have not ratified the Kyoto Protocol .
 The U.S. is responsible for about a quarter of the emissions that have
been blamed for global warming .
 Representative Climate Conference (COPC) in NOV 2000 ,and
discussed about the implementation of the Kyoto Protocol .

11. WHO IS RESPONSIBLE ?
• Most scientist blame industrialization :
• Automotive industry
• Power plants (coal)
• (low fuel company )
• Logging industry (deforestation)
• Oil companies ( fossil fuels )
• Agri – business (biofuels, cattel
Producing methane. )

13. EFFECTS
 Health
Water resources
Polar regions
 mountains
Forests
Rangelands
Deserts
Coastal zones
Agricuiture
international

14. The “Greenhouse Effect”

The Earth’s surface thus receives energy from two
sources: the sun & the atmosphere.

As a result the Earth’s surface is ~33°C warmer
than it would be without an atmosphere.
 Greenhouse gases are transparent to shortwave
but absorb longwave radiation.
 Thus the atmosphere stores energy.

15. Selected Greenhouse Gases
 Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Source: Fossil fuel burning, deforestation

Anthropogenic increase: 30%
 Average atmospheric residence time: 500 years
 Methane (CH4)
Source: Rice cultivation, cattle & sheep ranching,
decay from landfills, mining
 Anthropogenic increase: 145%
 Average atmospheric residence time: 7-10 years
 Nitrous oxide (N2O)
Source: Industry and agriculture (fertilizers)
 Anthropogenic increase: 15%
 Average atmospheric residence time: 140-190
years

17.  Greenhouse gases absorb infrared
radiation and prevent it from escaping to
space.
 Carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous
oxide are very good at capturing energy
at wavelengths that other compounds
miss .