css1.pptx

HTML Styles - CSS
• CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets.
• CSS saves a lot of work. It can control the layout of
multiple web pages all at once.

What is CSS?
• Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is used to format the
layout of a webpage.

Using CSS
• CSS can be added to HTML documents in 3 ways:
Inline - by using the style attribute inside HTML elements
Internal - by using a <style> element in the <head> section
External - by using a <link> element to link to an external CSS file

Inline CSS
• An inline CSS is used to apply a unique style to a single HTML
element.
• An inline CSS uses the style attribute of an HTML element.

sets the text color of the
• <h1> element to blue,
• text color of the <p> element to red:

Example:
<html>
<body>
<h1 style="color:blue;">Tamilnadu</h1>
<p style="color:red;">coimbatore</p>
</body>
</html>

Internal CSS
• An internal CSS is used to define a style for a single HTML page.
• An internal CSS is defined in the <head> section of an HTML page,
within a <style> element.

The following example
• sets the text color of ALL the <h1> elements (on that page) to blue,
• text color of ALL the <p> elements to red.

<html>
<head>
<style>
body {background-color: powderblue;}
h1 {color: blue;}
p {color: red;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Tamilnadu State</h1>
<p>coimbatore,salem,Erode</p>
</body>
</html>

Output:
Tamilnadu State
coimbatore,salem,Erode

External CSS
• An external style sheet is used to define the style for many HTML
pages.
• To use an external style sheet, add a link to it in the <head> section of
each HTML page:

<html>
<head>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>

Styles.css
body
{
background-color: powderblue;
}
h1
{
color: blue;
}
p
{
color: red;
}

Problem:
• Q1:
I have two files, both in the same folder.
• home.html
• styles.css
The external css is not working.

• We have to add “./” to your css filename. So it knows that they are in
the same folder.
• so in your HTML file change this line ->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="./styles.css" type="text/css" />

CSS Colors, Fonts and Sizes
• CSS properties
• The CSS color property defines the text color to be used.
• The CSS font-family property defines the font to be used.
• The CSS font-size property defines the text size to be used.

Example
• Use of CSS color, font-family and font-size properties:

<html>
<head>
<style>
h1
{
color: blue;
font-family: verdana;
font-size: 300%;
}
p
{
color: red;
font-family: courier;
font-size: 160%;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>Coimbatore,Salem,Erode</p>
</body>
</html>

Output:
Tamilnadu State
Coimbatore,Salem,Erode

CSS Border
• The CSS border property defines a border around an HTML element.

Example
• Use of CSS border property:
p
{
border: 2px solid powderblue;
}

<html>
<head>
<style>
p
{
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>Coimbatore</p>
<p>Salem</p>
<p>Erode</p>
</body>
</html>

CSS Padding
• The CSS padding property defines a padding (space) between the text
and the border.

Example
• Use of CSS border and padding properties:

<html>
<head>
<style>
P
{
padding: 30px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>Coimbatore</p>
<p>Salem</p>
<p>Erode</p>
</body>
</html>

CSS Margin
• The CSS margin property defines a margin (space) outside the border.

Example
• Use of CSS border and margin properties:

<html>
<head>
<style>
p
{
margin: 50px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<p>coimbatore</p>
<p>Salem</p>
<p>Erode</p>
</body>
</html>

CSS @media Rule
• ❮ Previo❯
Definition and Usage
The @media rule is used in media queries to apply different styles for different media types/devices.
Media queries can be used to check many things, such as:
width and height of the viewport
width and height of the device
orientation (is the tablet/phone in landscape or portrait mode?)
Resolution
Using media queries are a popular technique for delivering a tailored style sheet
(responsive web design) to desktops, laptops, tablets, and mobile phones.

• Change the background color of the <body> element to "lightblue"
when the browser window is 600px wide or less:
@media screen and (max-width: 600px)
{
body
{
background-color: lightblue;
}
}

<html>
<head>
<style>
body {
background-color: lightblue;
}
@media screen and (min-width: 400px) {
body {
background-color: lightgreen;
}
}
@media screen and (min-width: 800px) {
body {
background-color: lavender;
}
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Resize the browser window to see the
effect!</h1>
<p>Use mediaqueries to set the background-
color to lavender if the viewport is 800 pixels
wide or wider, to lightgreen if the viewport is
between 400 and 799 pixels wide. If the
viewport is smaller than 400 pixels, the
background-color is lightblue.</p>
</body>
</html>

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