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Ccnp3 lab 3_1_en (hacer)
1.
1 - 6
CCNP: Building Multilayer Switched Networks v5.0 - Lab 3-1 Copyright © 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc Lab 3-1 Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) Default Behavior Objective The purpose of this lab is to observe the default behavior of STP. Scenario Four switches have just been installed. The distribution layer switches are Catalyst 3560s, and the access layer switches are Catalyst 2960s. There are redundant uplinks between the access layer and distribution layer. Because of the possibility of bridging loops, spanning tree logically removes any redundant links. In this lab, you will observe what spanning tree does and why. Step 1 Refer to Lab 2.0 “Clearing a Switch” to prepare all four switches for this lab. Cable the equipment as shown. If you are accessing your equipment remotely, ask your instructor for instructions on how to do this. Configure the four switches as shown in the diagram with a hostname, password, and console security. Connect to DLS1 and enter the following commands: Switch>enable Switch#configure terminal Switch(config)#hostname DLS1 DLS1(config)#enable secret class DLS1(config)#line console 0 DLS1(config-line)#password cisco DLS1(config-line)#login Connect to DLS2 and enter the following commands: Switch>enable
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CCNP: Building Multilayer Switched Networks v5.0 - Lab 3-1 Copyright © 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc Switch#configure terminal Switch(config)#hostname DLS2 DLS2(config)#enable secret class DLS2(config)#line console 0 DLS2(config-line)#password cisco DLS2(config-line)#login Connect to ALS1 and enter the following commands: Switch>enable Switch#configure terminal Switch(config)#hostname ALS1 ALS1(config)#enable secret class ALS1(config)#line console 0 ALS1(config-line)#password cisco ALS1(config-line)#login Connect to ALS2 and enter the following commands: Switch>enable Switch# configure terminal Switch(config)#hostname ALS2 ALS2(config)#enable secret class ALS2(config)#line console 0 ALS2(config-line)#password cisco ALS2(config-line)#login Step 2 After the cables are connected and the switch detects the redundant links, spanning tree is initiated. By default, spanning tree runs on every port. When a new link becomes active, the port goes through the listening, learning, and forwarding states before it becomes active. During this period, the switch discovers if it is connected to another switch or an end-user device. If another switch is detected, the two switches begin creating a spanning tree. One of the switches is elected as the root of the tree. Then an agreement is established as to which links to keep active and which links to disable if multiple links exist. 1. What type of frame does STP use to communicate with other switches? Note The results in this lab will vary. Spanning tree operation is based on the MAC address of the switches. Observe the LEDs on the switch to check the status of the link. A bright green light indicates an active link. An amber light indicates an inactive link. Step 3 Verify STP with the show spanning-tree command on DLS1: DLS1#show spanning-tree
3.
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CCNP: Building Multilayer Switched Networks v5.0 - Lab 3-1 Copyright © 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc VLAN0001 Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee Root ID Priority 32769 Address 000a.b8a9.d680 Cost 19 Port 13 (FastEthernet0/11) Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32769 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1) Address 000a.b8a9.d780 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- ------------------------------ Fa0/7 Desg FWD 19 128.9 P2p Fa0/8 Desg FWD 19 128.10 P2p Fa0/9 Desg FWD 19 128.11 P2p Fa0/10 Desg FWD 19 128.12 P2p Fa0/11 Root FWD 19 128.13 P2p Fa0/12 Altn BLK 19 128.14 P2p Verify STP with the show spanning-tree command on DLS2: DLS2#show spanning-tree VLAN0001 Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee Root ID Priority 32769 Address 000a.b8a9.d680 This bridge is the root Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32769 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1) Address 000a.b8a9.d680 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- ------------------------------ Fa0/7 Desg FWD 19 128.9 P2p Fa0/8 Desg FWD 19 128.10 P2p Fa0/9 Desg FWD 19 128.11 P2p Fa0/10 Desg FWD 19 128.12 P2p Fa0/11 Desg FWD 19 128.13 P2p Fa0/12 Desg FWD 19 128.14 P2p Verify STP with the show spanning-tree command on ALS1: ALS1#show spanning-tree VLAN0001 Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee Root ID Priority 32769 Address 000a.b8a9.d680 Cost 19 Port 11 (FastEthernet0/9) Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32769 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1) Address 0019.0635.5780 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 Interface Role Sts Cost
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CCNP: Building Multilayer Switched Networks v5.0 - Lab 3-1 Copyright © 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc 1d22h: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console Prio.Nbr Type ---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- ------------------------------ Fa0/7 Altn BLK 19 128.9 P2p Fa0/8 Altn BLK 19 128.10 P2p Fa0/9 Root FWD 19 128.11 P2p Fa0/10 Altn BLK 19 128.12 P2p Fa0/11 Desg FWD 19 128.13 P2p Fa0/12 Desg FWD 19 128.14 P2p Verify STP with the show spanning-tree command on ALS2: ALS2#show spanning-tree VLAN0001 Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee Root ID Priority 32769 Address 000a.b8a9.d680 Cost 19 Port 9 (FastEthernet0/7) Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32769 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1) Address 0019.068d.6980 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 Interface Role Sts Cost 1d22h: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console Prio.Nbr Type ---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- ------------------------------ Fa0/7 Root FWD 19 128.9 P2p Fa0/8 Altn BLK 19 128.10 P2p Fa0/9 Altn BLK 19 128.11 P2p Fa0/10 Altn BLK 19 128.12 P2p Fa0/11 Altn BLK 19 128.13 P2p Fa0/12 Altn BLK 19 128.14 P2p Notice that between two switches, one of the two ports is set to blocking. Blocking could occur on the access layer switch or the distribution layer switch. If all ports have their default setting, the higher interface number of the two ports is set to blocking. The switch port is in blocking state because it detected two links between the same switches. This would result in a bridge loop if the switch logically disables one link. Note Your output may differ, because all switches have the default bridge priority of 32769 and selection of the root bridge is based upon the lowest switch MAC address. The sample output below may also differ from those in your lab, because they were generated with a different set of switches. DLS2#show spanning-tree VLAN0001 Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee Root ID Priority 32769 Address 000a.b8a9.d680 This bridge is the root Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 32769 (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1) Address 000a.b8a9.d680
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CCNP: Building Multilayer Switched Networks v5.0 - Lab 3-1 Copyright © 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Aging Time 300 Interface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type ---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- ------------------------------ Fa0/7 Desg FWD 19 128.9 P2p Fa0/8 Desg FWD 19 128.10 P2p Fa0/9 Desg FWD 19 128.11 P2p Fa0/10 Desg FWD 19 128.12 P2p Fa0/11 Desg FWD 19 128.13 P2p Fa0/12 Desg FWD 19 128.14 P2p After reviewing the spanning tree output, answer the following questions. 1. Which switch is the root of the spanning tree? 2. How can the root switch be identified? 3. Why was that switch selected as the root? 4. What caused one port to be in blocking state over another? 5. What caused one link to be blocked over another? Step 4
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CCNP: Building Multilayer Switched Networks v5.0 - Lab 3-1 Copyright © 2006, Cisco Systems, Inc Create a diagram of the spanning tree topology for VLAN 01. With Cisco Catalyst switches, there is a different spanning tree state for each VLAN. Identify the root bridge, root ports, and designated ports. In this lab, the default operation of spanning tree was observed. Since no bridge priorities were specified, the switch with the lowest MAC address was elected as the root. Since no link priorities were changed, the link with the lowest cost was chosen as the active link. If costs were equal, the tie was broken by the lowest port number. In a later lab, the default STP behavior will be modified so that spanning tree works according to specifications. Challenge Try to guess how your topology would look if you completely removed the root switch. Remember that the switch with the lowest MAC address becomes the root. Now, shut down all the ports on your current root switch. Use the show spanning- tree command on the other switches. Did the topology converge the way you thought it would?
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