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Integration By Parts
Integration By Parts
When an integral is a product of two functions and neither is the
derivative of the other, we integrate by parts.
Integration By Parts
When an integral is a product of two functions and neither is the
derivative of the other, we integrate by parts.

                      udv  uv   vdu
Integration By Parts
When an integral is a product of two functions and neither is the
derivative of the other, we integrate by parts.

                      udv  uv   vdu
u   should be chosen so that differentiation makes it a
    simpler function.
Integration By Parts
When an integral is a product of two functions and neither is the
derivative of the other, we integrate by parts.

                       udv  uv   vdu
 u   should be chosen so that differentiation makes it a
     simpler function.

dv   should be chosen so that it can be integrated
e.g. (i)    x cos xdx
e.g. (i)    x cos xdx   ux
e.g. (i)    x cos xdx    ux
                         du  dx
e.g. (i)    x cos xdx    ux
                         du  dx   dv  cos xdx
e.g. (i)    x cos xdx    ux       v  sin x
                         du  dx   dv  cos xdx
e.g. (i)    x cos xdx              ux       v  sin x
            x sin x   sin xdx   du  dx   dv  cos xdx
e.g. (i)    x cos xdx              ux       v  sin x
            x sin x   sin xdx   du  dx   dv  cos xdx
            x sin x  cos x  c
e.g. (i)    x cos xdx              ux       v  sin x
            x sin x   sin xdx   du  dx   dv  cos xdx
            x sin x  cos x  c



     ii  log xdx
e.g. (i)    x cos xdx              ux         v  sin x
            x sin x   sin xdx   du  dx     dv  cos xdx
            x sin x  cos x  c



     ii  log xdx                u  log x
e.g. (i)    x cos xdx              ux          v  sin x
            x sin x   sin xdx   du  dx      dv  cos xdx
            x sin x  cos x  c



     ii  log xdx                 u  log x
                                        dx
                                   du 
                                         x
e.g. (i)    x cos xdx              ux          v  sin x
            x sin x   sin xdx   du  dx      dv  cos xdx
            x sin x  cos x  c



     ii  log xdx                 u  log x
                                        dx
                                   du          dv  dx
                                         x
e.g. (i)    x cos xdx              ux          v  sin x
            x sin x   sin xdx   du  dx      dv  cos xdx
            x sin x  cos x  c



     ii  log xdx                 u  log x    vx
                                        dx
                                   du          dv  dx
                                         x
e.g. (i)    x cos xdx              ux          v  sin x
            x sin x   sin xdx   du  dx      dv  cos xdx
            x sin x  cos x  c



     ii  log xdx                 u  log x    vx
            x log x   dx        du 
                                        dx
                                                dv  dx
                                         x
e.g. (i)    x cos xdx              ux          v  sin x
            x sin x   sin xdx   du  dx      dv  cos xdx
            x sin x  cos x  c



     ii  log xdx                 u  log x    vx
            x log x   dx        du 
                                        dx
                                                dv  dx
                                         x
            x log x  x  c
1
iii  xe 7 x dx
     0
1
iii  xe 7 x dx   ux
     0
1
iii  xe 7 x dx    ux
     0
                     du  dx
1
iii  xe 7 x dx    ux
     0
                     du  dx   dv  e 7 x dx
1
                                  1
iii  xe dx
        7 x
                 ux       v   e 7 x
    0
                                  7
                du  dx   dv  e 7 x dx
1
                                                    1
iii  xe dx
        7 x
                                   ux       v   e 7 x
    0
                                                    7
                 1    1           du  dx   dv  e 7 x dx
     xe 7 x    e 7 x dx
       1           1
      7
               0 7
                    0
1
                                                    1
iii  xe dx
        7 x
                                   ux       v   e 7 x
    0
                                                    7
                 1    1           du  dx   dv  e 7 x dx
     xe 7 x    e 7 x dx
       1           1
      7
               0 7
                    0
                           1
      1 7 x  1 7 x 
     xe        e 
      7       49      0
1
                                                    1
iii  xe dx
        7 x
                                   ux       v   e 7 x
    0
                                                    7
                 1    1           du  dx   dv  e 7 x dx
     xe 7 x    e 7 x dx
      1           1
      7        0 7
                    0
                           1
      1 7 x  1 7 x 
     xe        e 
      7       49      0
      1 e 7 1 e 7  0 1 
                   
      7       49   49 
       8 7 1
    e 
      49       49
iv  e x cos xdx
iv  e x cos xdx   u  ex
iv  e x cos xdx    u  ex
                     du  e x dx
iv  e x cos xdx    u  ex
                     du  e x dx   dv  cos xdx
iv  e x cos xdx    u  ex        v  sin x
                     du  e x dx   dv  cos xdx
iv  e x cos xdx            u  ex        v  sin x
                             du  e x dx   dv  cos xdx
    e sin x   e sin xdx
       x             x
iv  e x cos xdx            u  ex        v  sin x
                             du  e x dx   dv  cos xdx
    e sin x   e sin xdx
       x             x


                              u  ex
iv  e x cos xdx            u  ex        v  sin x
                             du  e x dx   dv  cos xdx
    e sin x   e sin xdx
       x             x


                              u  ex
                             du  e x dx
iv  e x cos xdx            u  ex        v  sin x
                             du  e x dx   dv  cos xdx
    e sin x   e sin xdx
       x             x


                              u  ex
                             du  e x dx   dv  sin xdx
iv  e x cos xdx            u  ex        v  sin x
                             du  e x dx   dv  cos xdx
    e sin x   e sin xdx
       x             x


                              u  ex        v   cos x
                             du  e x dx   dv  sin xdx
iv  e x cos xdx                      u  ex        v  sin x
                                       du  e x dx   dv  cos xdx
    e sin x   e sin xdx
       x                 x


                                        u  ex        v   cos x
    e sin x  e cos x   e cos xdx
       x             x       x

                                       du  e x dx   dv  sin xdx
iv  e x cos xdx                             u  ex        v  sin x
                                              du  e x dx   dv  cos xdx
    e sin x   e sin xdx
       x                 x


                                               u  ex        v   cos x
    e sin x  e cos x   e cos xdx
       x             x        x

                                              du  e x dx   dv  sin xdx
   2  e x cos xdx  e x sin x  e x cos x
iv  e x cos xdx                                 u  ex        v  sin x
                                                  du  e x dx   dv  cos xdx
    e sin x   e sin xdx
       x                 x


                                                   u  ex        v   cos x
    e sin x  e cos x   e cos xdx
       x             x        x

                                                  du  e x dx   dv  sin xdx
   2  e x cos xdx  e x sin x  e x cos x
                     1           1
       e x cos xdx  e x sin x  e x cos x  c
                     2           2
Euler’s Formula
Euler’s Formula
When the two functions are a mixture of trig and exponentials,
Euler’s Formula can be useful;
Euler’s Formula
When the two functions are a mixture of trig and exponentials,
Euler’s Formula can be useful;

                    ei  cos   i sin 
Euler’s Formula
When the two functions are a mixture of trig and exponentials,
Euler’s Formula can be useful;

                          ei  cos   i sin 


This leads to;

           ei  e  i                            ei  e  i
   cos                                   sin  
               2                                       2i
 e x cos xdx
 e x cos xdx

 e x  cos x  i sin x  dx
 e x cos xdx

 e x  cos x  i sin x  dx   e x eix dx
 e x cos xdx

 e x  cos x  i sin x  dx   e x eix dx

                               e
                                    1i  x
                                              dx
 e x cos xdx

 e x  cos x  i sin x  dx   e x eix dx

                               e
                                    1i  x
                                              dx
                                1 1i  x
                                   e      c
                               1 i
 e x cos xdx

 e x  cos x  i sin x  dx   e x eix dx

                               e
                                    1i  x
                                              dx
                                1 1i  x
                                   e      c
                               1 i
                               1 i x
                                   e  cos x  i sin x   c
                                2
 e x cos xdx

 e x  cos x  i sin x  dx   e x eix dx

                               e
                                    1i  x
                                              dx
                                 1 1i  x
                                   e       c
                               1 i
                               1 i x
                                   e  cos x  i sin x   c
                                 2
                               ex
                               cos x  i sin x  i cos x  sin x   c
                                2
 e x cos xdx

 e x  cos x  i sin x  dx   e x eix dx

                               e
                                    1i  x
                                              dx
                                 1 1i  x
                                   e       c
                               1 i
                               1 i x
                                   e  cos x  i sin x   c
                                 2
                               ex
                               cos x  i sin x  i cos x  sin x   c
                                2
  Equating real parts;
                                ex
                   e cos xdx  2  cos x  sin x   c
                     x
OR
  e x cos xdx
OR
  e cos xdx  2  e  e  e  dx
     x         1 x ix  ix
OR
  e cos xdx  2  e  e  e  dx
     x          1 x ix  ix

    1
                  
    e   e  dx
    2
          1i x  1i x
OR
  e cos xdx  2  e  e  e  dx
     x           1 x ix  ix

    1
         
    e   e  dx
    2
          1i x
                      
                   1i x



    1  1 1i  x      1 1i  x 
           e            e       c
    2  1 i          1 i         
OR
  e cos xdx  2  e  e  e  dx
     x              1 x ix  ix

    1
         
    e   e  dx
    2
           1i x
                        
                      1i x



    1  1 1i  x         1 1i  x 
            e              e       c
    2  1 i             1 i         
    1  1  i 1i  x 1  i 1i  x 
            e              e       c
    2 2                    2         
OR
  e cos xdx  2  e  e  e  dx
     x               1 x ix  ix

    1
         
    e   e  dx
    2
            1i x
                         
                      1i x



    1  1 1i  x         1 1i  x 
             e             e        c
    2  1 i             1 i          
    1  1  i 1i  x 1  i 1i  x 
             e             e        c
    2 2                    2          
    e x
         1  i  eix 1  i  e  ix 
                                    c
    2         2              2        
OR
  e cos xdx  2  e  e  e  dx
     x               1 x ix  ix

    1
             
    e   e  dx
    2
            1i x
                         
                      1i x



    1  1 1i  x         1 1i  x 
             e             e        c
    2  1 i             1 i          
    1  1  i 1i  x 1  i 1i  x 
             e             e        c
    2 2                    2          
    e x
         1  i  eix 1  i  e  ix 
                                    c
    2         2              2        
     eix  e  ix i  eix  e  ix  
  e     x
                                      
                                   c
  2 2                     2          
                                     
OR
  e cos xdx  2  e  e  e  dx
     x               1 x ix  ix

    1
              
    e   e  dx
    2
            1i x     1i x
                               
    1  1 1i  x         1 1i  x 
             e             e        c
    2  1 i             1 i          
    1  1  i 1i  x 1  i 1i  x 
             e             e        c
    2 2                    2          
    e x
         1  i  eix 1  i  e  ix 
                                    c
    2         2              2        
   e     x    eix  e  ix i  eix  e  ix  
                                              
                                            c
   2          2                    2          
                                              
   ex         eix  e  ix  eix  e  ix  
                                            
                                          c
   2          2                   2i        
                                            
OR
  e cos xdx  2  e  e  e  dx
     x               1 x ix  ix

    1
              
    e   e  dx
    2
            1i x     1i x
                             
    1  1 1i  x         1 1i  x 
             e             e        c
    2  1 i             1 i          
    1  1  i 1i  x 1  i 1i  x 
             e             e        c
    2 2                    2          
    e x
         1  i  eix 1  i  e  ix 
                                    c
    2         2              2        
   e     x    eix  e  ix i  eix  e  ix  
                                              
                                            c
   2          2                    2          
                                              
   ex         eix  e  ix  eix  e  ix  
                                                  ex
                                            c   cos x  sin x   c
   2          2                   2i              2
                                            
(ii )    sin 2 xdx
2
                     e e
                     ix       ix
                                    
(ii )  sin xdx   
         2
                                     dx
                     2i            
2
                     e e 
                         ix    ix
(ii )  sin xdx   
          2
                                 dx
                     2i 
                    e 2ix  2  e 2ix  dx
                    1
                    4
2
                     e e 
                      ix    ix
(ii )  sin xdx   
         2
                                 dx
                     2i 
                    e 2ix  2  e 2ix  dx
                    1
                    4
                     1  1 2ix            1 2ix 
                   e  2x  e   c
                     4  2i              2i      
2
                     e e 
                      ix     ix
(ii )  sin xdx   
         2
                                 dx
                     2i 
                    e 2ix  2  e 2ix  dx
                    1
                    4
                     1  1 2ix            1 2ix 
                   e  2x  e   c
                     4  2i              2i      
                  1  e 2ix  e 2ix      
                                   2x   c
                  4        2i            
2
                     e e 
                      ix     ix
(ii )  sin xdx   
         2
                                 dx
                     2i 
                    e 2ix  2  e 2ix  dx
                    1
                    4
                     1  1 2ix            1 2ix 
                   e  2x  e   c
                     4  2i              2i      
                  1  e 2ix  e 2ix      
                                   2x   c
                  4        2i            
                   1
                   sin 2 x  2 x   c
                   4
2
                     e e 
                      ix     ix
(ii )  sin xdx   
         2
                                 dx
                     2i 
                    e 2ix  2  e 2ix  dx
                    1
                    4
                     1  1 2ix            1 2ix 
                   e  2x  e   c
                     4  2i              2i      
                  1  e 2ix  e 2ix      
                                   2x   c
                  4        2i            
                    1
                   sin 2 x  2 x   c
                    4
                  1     1
                 x  sin 2 x  c
                  2     4
2
                     e e 
                      ix     ix
(ii )  sin xdx   
         2
                                 dx
                     2i 
                    e 2ix  2  e 2ix  dx
                    1
                    4
                     1  1 2ix            1 2ix 
                   e  2x  e   c
                     4  2i              2i      
                  1  e 2ix  e 2ix      
                                   2x   c
                  4        2i            
                    1
                   sin 2 x  2 x   c
                    4
                  1     1
                 x  sin 2 x  c
                  2     4

              Exercise 2B; 1 to 6 ac, 7 to 11, 12 ace etc

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X2 T05 01 by parts (2010)

  • 2. Integration By Parts When an integral is a product of two functions and neither is the derivative of the other, we integrate by parts.
  • 3. Integration By Parts When an integral is a product of two functions and neither is the derivative of the other, we integrate by parts.  udv  uv   vdu
  • 4. Integration By Parts When an integral is a product of two functions and neither is the derivative of the other, we integrate by parts.  udv  uv   vdu u should be chosen so that differentiation makes it a simpler function.
  • 5. Integration By Parts When an integral is a product of two functions and neither is the derivative of the other, we integrate by parts.  udv  uv   vdu u should be chosen so that differentiation makes it a simpler function. dv should be chosen so that it can be integrated
  • 6. e.g. (i)  x cos xdx
  • 7. e.g. (i)  x cos xdx ux
  • 8. e.g. (i)  x cos xdx ux du  dx
  • 9. e.g. (i)  x cos xdx ux du  dx dv  cos xdx
  • 10. e.g. (i)  x cos xdx ux v  sin x du  dx dv  cos xdx
  • 11. e.g. (i)  x cos xdx ux v  sin x  x sin x   sin xdx du  dx dv  cos xdx
  • 12. e.g. (i)  x cos xdx ux v  sin x  x sin x   sin xdx du  dx dv  cos xdx  x sin x  cos x  c
  • 13. e.g. (i)  x cos xdx ux v  sin x  x sin x   sin xdx du  dx dv  cos xdx  x sin x  cos x  c ii  log xdx
  • 14. e.g. (i)  x cos xdx ux v  sin x  x sin x   sin xdx du  dx dv  cos xdx  x sin x  cos x  c ii  log xdx u  log x
  • 15. e.g. (i)  x cos xdx ux v  sin x  x sin x   sin xdx du  dx dv  cos xdx  x sin x  cos x  c ii  log xdx u  log x dx du  x
  • 16. e.g. (i)  x cos xdx ux v  sin x  x sin x   sin xdx du  dx dv  cos xdx  x sin x  cos x  c ii  log xdx u  log x dx du  dv  dx x
  • 17. e.g. (i)  x cos xdx ux v  sin x  x sin x   sin xdx du  dx dv  cos xdx  x sin x  cos x  c ii  log xdx u  log x vx dx du  dv  dx x
  • 18. e.g. (i)  x cos xdx ux v  sin x  x sin x   sin xdx du  dx dv  cos xdx  x sin x  cos x  c ii  log xdx u  log x vx  x log x   dx du  dx dv  dx x
  • 19. e.g. (i)  x cos xdx ux v  sin x  x sin x   sin xdx du  dx dv  cos xdx  x sin x  cos x  c ii  log xdx u  log x vx  x log x   dx du  dx dv  dx x  x log x  x  c
  • 20. 1 iii  xe 7 x dx 0
  • 21. 1 iii  xe 7 x dx ux 0
  • 22. 1 iii  xe 7 x dx ux 0 du  dx
  • 23. 1 iii  xe 7 x dx ux 0 du  dx dv  e 7 x dx
  • 24. 1 1 iii  xe dx 7 x ux v   e 7 x 0 7 du  dx dv  e 7 x dx
  • 25. 1 1 iii  xe dx 7 x ux v   e 7 x 0 7 1 1 du  dx dv  e 7 x dx   xe 7 x    e 7 x dx 1 1  7  0 7  0
  • 26. 1 1 iii  xe dx 7 x ux v   e 7 x 0 7 1 1 du  dx dv  e 7 x dx   xe 7 x    e 7 x dx 1 1  7  0 7  0 1  1 7 x  1 7 x    xe e   7 49 0
  • 27. 1 1 iii  xe dx 7 x ux v   e 7 x 0 7 1 1 du  dx dv  e 7 x dx   xe 7 x    e 7 x dx  1 1  7 0 7  0 1  1 7 x  1 7 x    xe e   7 49 0  1 e 7 1 e 7  0 1         7 49   49  8 7 1  e  49 49
  • 28. iv  e x cos xdx
  • 29. iv  e x cos xdx u  ex
  • 30. iv  e x cos xdx u  ex du  e x dx
  • 31. iv  e x cos xdx u  ex du  e x dx dv  cos xdx
  • 32. iv  e x cos xdx u  ex v  sin x du  e x dx dv  cos xdx
  • 33. iv  e x cos xdx u  ex v  sin x du  e x dx dv  cos xdx  e sin x   e sin xdx x x
  • 34. iv  e x cos xdx u  ex v  sin x du  e x dx dv  cos xdx  e sin x   e sin xdx x x u  ex
  • 35. iv  e x cos xdx u  ex v  sin x du  e x dx dv  cos xdx  e sin x   e sin xdx x x u  ex du  e x dx
  • 36. iv  e x cos xdx u  ex v  sin x du  e x dx dv  cos xdx  e sin x   e sin xdx x x u  ex du  e x dx dv  sin xdx
  • 37. iv  e x cos xdx u  ex v  sin x du  e x dx dv  cos xdx  e sin x   e sin xdx x x u  ex v   cos x du  e x dx dv  sin xdx
  • 38. iv  e x cos xdx u  ex v  sin x du  e x dx dv  cos xdx  e sin x   e sin xdx x x u  ex v   cos x  e sin x  e cos x   e cos xdx x x x du  e x dx dv  sin xdx
  • 39. iv  e x cos xdx u  ex v  sin x du  e x dx dv  cos xdx  e sin x   e sin xdx x x u  ex v   cos x  e sin x  e cos x   e cos xdx x x x du  e x dx dv  sin xdx  2  e x cos xdx  e x sin x  e x cos x
  • 40. iv  e x cos xdx u  ex v  sin x du  e x dx dv  cos xdx  e sin x   e sin xdx x x u  ex v   cos x  e sin x  e cos x   e cos xdx x x x du  e x dx dv  sin xdx  2  e x cos xdx  e x sin x  e x cos x 1 1  e x cos xdx  e x sin x  e x cos x  c 2 2
  • 42. Euler’s Formula When the two functions are a mixture of trig and exponentials, Euler’s Formula can be useful;
  • 43. Euler’s Formula When the two functions are a mixture of trig and exponentials, Euler’s Formula can be useful; ei  cos   i sin 
  • 44. Euler’s Formula When the two functions are a mixture of trig and exponentials, Euler’s Formula can be useful; ei  cos   i sin  This leads to; ei  e  i ei  e  i cos   sin   2 2i
  • 45.  e x cos xdx
  • 46.  e x cos xdx  e x  cos x  i sin x  dx
  • 47.  e x cos xdx  e x  cos x  i sin x  dx   e x eix dx
  • 48.  e x cos xdx  e x  cos x  i sin x  dx   e x eix dx   e 1i  x dx
  • 49.  e x cos xdx  e x  cos x  i sin x  dx   e x eix dx   e 1i  x dx 1 1i  x  e c 1 i
  • 50.  e x cos xdx  e x  cos x  i sin x  dx   e x eix dx   e 1i  x dx 1 1i  x  e c 1 i 1 i x  e  cos x  i sin x   c 2
  • 51.  e x cos xdx  e x  cos x  i sin x  dx   e x eix dx   e 1i  x dx 1 1i  x  e c 1 i 1 i x  e  cos x  i sin x   c 2 ex   cos x  i sin x  i cos x  sin x   c 2
  • 52.  e x cos xdx  e x  cos x  i sin x  dx   e x eix dx   e 1i  x dx 1 1i  x  e c 1 i 1 i x  e  cos x  i sin x   c 2 ex   cos x  i sin x  i cos x  sin x   c 2 Equating real parts; ex  e cos xdx  2  cos x  sin x   c x
  • 53. OR  e x cos xdx
  • 54. OR  e cos xdx  2  e  e  e  dx x 1 x ix  ix
  • 55. OR  e cos xdx  2  e  e  e  dx x 1 x ix  ix 1     e   e  dx 2 1i x 1i x
  • 56. OR  e cos xdx  2  e  e  e  dx x 1 x ix  ix 1    e   e  dx 2 1i x  1i x 1  1 1i  x 1 1i  x    e  e c 2  1 i 1 i 
  • 57. OR  e cos xdx  2  e  e  e  dx x 1 x ix  ix 1    e   e  dx 2 1i x  1i x 1  1 1i  x 1 1i  x    e  e c 2  1 i 1 i  1  1  i 1i  x 1  i 1i  x    e  e c 2 2 2 
  • 58. OR  e cos xdx  2  e  e  e  dx x 1 x ix  ix 1    e   e  dx 2 1i x  1i x 1  1 1i  x 1 1i  x    e  e c 2  1 i 1 i  1  1  i 1i  x 1  i 1i  x    e  e c 2 2 2  e x  1  i  eix 1  i  e  ix     c 2 2 2 
  • 59. OR  e cos xdx  2  e  e  e  dx x 1 x ix  ix 1    e   e  dx 2 1i x  1i x 1  1 1i  x 1 1i  x    e  e c 2  1 i 1 i  1  1  i 1i  x 1  i 1i  x    e  e c 2 2 2  e x  1  i  eix 1  i  e  ix     c 2 2 2   eix  e  ix i  eix  e  ix   e  x     c 2 2 2   
  • 60. OR  e cos xdx  2  e  e  e  dx x 1 x ix  ix 1    e   e  dx 2 1i x 1i x  1  1 1i  x 1 1i  x    e  e c 2  1 i 1 i  1  1  i 1i  x 1  i 1i  x    e  e c 2 2 2  e x  1  i  eix 1  i  e  ix     c 2 2 2  e x  eix  e  ix i  eix  e  ix        c 2  2 2    ex  eix  e  ix  eix  e  ix        c 2  2 2i   
  • 61. OR  e cos xdx  2  e  e  e  dx x 1 x ix  ix 1    e   e  dx 2 1i x 1i x  1  1 1i  x 1 1i  x    e  e c 2  1 i 1 i  1  1  i 1i  x 1  i 1i  x    e  e c 2 2 2  e x  1  i  eix 1  i  e  ix     c 2 2 2  e x  eix  e  ix i  eix  e  ix        c 2  2 2    ex  eix  e  ix  eix  e  ix     ex      c   cos x  sin x   c 2  2 2i  2  
  • 62. (ii )  sin 2 xdx
  • 63. 2  e e ix  ix  (ii )  sin xdx    2  dx  2i 
  • 64. 2  e e  ix  ix (ii )  sin xdx    2  dx  2i      e 2ix  2  e 2ix  dx 1 4
  • 65. 2  e e  ix  ix (ii )  sin xdx    2  dx  2i      e 2ix  2  e 2ix  dx 1 4 1  1 2ix 1 2ix     e  2x  e   c 4  2i 2i 
  • 66. 2  e e  ix  ix (ii )  sin xdx    2  dx  2i      e 2ix  2  e 2ix  dx 1 4 1  1 2ix 1 2ix     e  2x  e   c 4  2i 2i  1  e 2ix  e 2ix     2x   c 4 2i 
  • 67. 2  e e  ix  ix (ii )  sin xdx    2  dx  2i      e 2ix  2  e 2ix  dx 1 4 1  1 2ix 1 2ix     e  2x  e   c 4  2i 2i  1  e 2ix  e 2ix     2x   c 4 2i  1    sin 2 x  2 x   c 4
  • 68. 2  e e  ix  ix (ii )  sin xdx    2  dx  2i      e 2ix  2  e 2ix  dx 1 4 1  1 2ix 1 2ix     e  2x  e   c 4  2i 2i  1  e 2ix  e 2ix     2x   c 4 2i  1    sin 2 x  2 x   c 4 1 1  x  sin 2 x  c 2 4
  • 69. 2  e e  ix  ix (ii )  sin xdx    2  dx  2i      e 2ix  2  e 2ix  dx 1 4 1  1 2ix 1 2ix     e  2x  e   c 4  2i 2i  1  e 2ix  e 2ix     2x   c 4 2i  1    sin 2 x  2 x   c 4 1 1  x  sin 2 x  c 2 4 Exercise 2B; 1 to 6 ac, 7 to 11, 12 ace etc