PPT about ECG and heart working.

1. Mahendra Magre
Nikhilesh Vaidya
Vishal Takle

2.  1.It is a Signal Which Records the Electrical Activity
of the Heart.
 2.The Heart is a Two Stage Electrical Pump& the
Hearts Electrical Activity Can be Measured by
Electrodes Placed on the Skin.
 3.The ECG can Measure the Rate and Rhythm of the
Heartbeat as well as Provide Indirect Evidence of
Blood Flow to the Heart Muscle.
 4.It is also known as EKG.
 5.It is also called as 12 -Lead ECG because the Hearts
Electrical Activity most often is Recorded From 12
different places on the Body at the same Time.

3.  1.Willem Einthoven a
Dutch Physiologist in
1895 made the first
ECG Recording.
 2.P,Q,R,S,T Waves are
also first defined by
Willem Einthoven.
 3.Willem Einthoven 1st
Published his Normal
and Abnormal ECG
Recording in the 1906.
 4.In 1924 Willem
Einthoven Received
Nobel Prize for his
Invention of the ECG.

5.  An ECG is a Painless, Non-invasive Way to
diagnose many common Types of Heart
Problems, Doctor Uses the ECG to measure-
 1.Irregularities in your heart rhythm
(Arrhythmias )
 2.Heart Defects
 3.Problems with your heart valves
 4.Blocked or narrowed arteries in your
heart(Coronary heart disease)
 5.A heart attack in emergency solutions.

6.  Generally there are Three Methods for Measurement
of ECG
 1.Limb Lead Measurements.
 2.Frank Lead ECG
Measurements
 3.Standard ECG
measurements.

7.  Five electrodes RA,LA,LL,RL&C.
 ECG machine uses patients right leg as
common electrode.
 The unipolar chest leads (V1-V6) are
measured with signals from certain specified
locations on the chest applied to the
amplifier's non-inverting input ,while the
RA,LA&LL signals are summed in a resistor at
the inverting inputs.

8. WORKING OF HEART
Heart as a
potential
source

10.  P wave: the sequential activation (depolarization) of the right and
left atria
 QRS complex: right and left ventricular depolarization (normally
the ventricles are activated simultaneously)
 ST-T wave: ventricular repolarization
 U wave: origin for this wave is not clear - but probably
represents "after depolarization" in the ventricles
 PR interval: time interval from onset of atrial depolarization (P
wave) to onset of ventricular depolarization (QRS complex)
 QRS duration: duration of ventricular muscle depolarization
 QT interval: duration of ventricular depolarization and
repolarization
 RR interval: duration of ventricular cardiac cycle (an indicator of
ventricular rate)
 PP interval: duration of atrial cycle (an indicator of atrial rate)