medical

1. Hematocolpos

2. • Blood-filled dilated vagina due to menstrual blood in the setting of an
anatomical obstruction.
• If concurrent uterine distention, the term hematometrocolpos is
used.

3. Clinical presentation
• Patients may present with amenorrhea or vague abdominal pain.

4. Causes
• Imperforate hymen.
• Transverse vaginal septum

5. Transverse vaginal septum (TVS)
• Type of rare congenital uterovaginal anomaly.
• Type of vertical fusion defect.
• A transverse vaginal septum can be either perforate (incomplete) or
imperforate (complete).
• The septum is a fibrous membrane of connective tissue with vascular
and muscular components.

6. Transverse vaginal septum (TVS)
• It can occur at almost any level of the vagina
• superior vagina (~46%)
• mid-vagina (~40%)
• inferior vagina (~14%)

7. Presentation
• If complete septum, patients commonly present with primary
amenorrhea and cyclic pelvic pain.
• Clinical examination of the vulva is normal if the septum is in the
middle/upper vagina.
• If a membrane is visible, it will not transilluminate, unlike an
imperforate hymen.

10. Imperforate hymen
• A congenital condition in which the hymen lacks a normal opening.

11. Presentation
• Primary amenorrhea with cyclic lower abdominal pain during
menarche age.
• An imperforate hymen can be diagnosed at physical examination
upon identification of a bulging, bluish membrane that allows positive
transillumination at the introitus.