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AN OVERVIEW OF  PROCESSES INVOLVED IN THE CONVERSION OF FIBRE TO GARMENTS Prof. R. B. CHAVAN Former Professor, I I T Delhi, Consultant,  Mahatma Gandhi Inst. of Rural Ind. Wardha E-mail rbchavan@hotmail.com
CLASSIFICATION OF TEXTILE FIBRES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Natural fibres ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Natural Protein fibres ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Regenerated natural fibres ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Synthetic fibres ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],STEPS INVOLVED IN CONVERSION OF FIBRE TO GARMENT  MAJOR STEPS
TYPES OF YARN  ,[object Object],[object Object],STAPLE YARN COTTON WOOL JUTE  ACRYLIC  CONVERSION OF FIBRE TO YARN  FILAMENT YARN  SILK  SYNTHETIC  DIRECT YARN PRODUCTION FROM RAW MATERIALS
CONVERSION OF FIBRE TO STAPLE YARN  EXAMPLE COTTON  PRE-SPINNING PROCESSES SPINNING PROCESS PRE-SPINNING PROCESSES  GINNING BALE FORMATION TRANSPORTATION TO TEXTILE MILLS OPENING LAP MAKING CARDING SLIVER MAKING  ROVING MAKING  PRINCIPLE STRETCHING OF FIBRES  ARRANGING THE FIBRES PARALLEL TO EACH OTHER
PR-SPINNING MACHINES GINNING BALE MAKING  OPENER LAP MAKING  CARDING DRAWING FRAME SPEED FRAME  SPINNING MACHINES SMALL SCALE SPINNING CHARKHA LARGE SCALE SPINNING RING SPINNING MACHINE
WEAVING  CONVERSION OF YARN TO FABRIC INTERLACEMENT OF YARN IN SPECIFIC WAY IN TWO DIRECTION (WIDTH WISE AND LENGTHWISE) LENGTH DIRECTION  WARP WIDTH DIRECTION  WEFT
WEAVING MACHINES LOOMS MANUALLY OPERATED LOOMS ELECTRICALY OPERATED LOOMS MANUAL LOOMS KNOWN AS HANDLOOMS  FRAME LOOM PIT LOOM SEMI-AUTOMATIC LOOMS  ELECTRICALLY OPERATED LOOMS  KNOWN AS POWER LOOMS  DIFFERENT TYPES LIKE  SIMPLE POWERLOOM AIR JET LOOM RAPIER LOOM WATER JET LOOM
LOOMS FOR PRODUCING DESIGNED FABRIC DOBBY LOOM JACQUARD LOOM AVAILABLE BOTH IN MANUAL AND ELECTRICAL CATEGORY
KNITTING  INTERLACEMENT OF SINGLE YARN  WARP DIRECTION: WARP KNITTING  WEFT DIRECTION: WEFT KNITTING  MACHINES  WARP KNITTING MACHINES WEFT KNITTING MACHINES
CHEMICAL PROCESSING  VALUE ADDITION THROUGH  PREPARATORY PROCESSES  DYEING  PRINTING FINISHING
PREPARATORY PROCESSES DESIZING SCOURING BLEACHING MERCERIZATION  Purpose To remove Natural and added impurities To improve the appearance of fabric To impart certain desirable properties To make it suitable for subsequent  processes like dyeing, printing finishing CAN BE CARRIED OUT IN YARN FORM  FABRIC FORM
DYEING  TO IMPART COLOUR UNIFORMLY  ALONG THE LENGTH AND WIDTH OF FABRIC UNIFORMLY ON THE BACK AND FACE OF FABRIC DYEING CAN BE CARRIED OUT IN  FIBRE FORM YARN FORM FABIC FORM
MACHINES USED FOR DYEING  FIBRE DYEING MACHINES  YARN DYEING MACHINES HANK DYEING MACHINES CHEESE DYEING MACHINES CONE DYEING MACHINES FABRIC DYEING JIGGER DYEING MACHINES PADDING MANGLE  WINCH DYEING MACHINE JET DYEING MACHINES
PRINTING  DYEING IN THE LOCALIZED FORM  APPLICATION OF COLOUR IN THE FORM OF DESIGN ONE OR MORE THAN ONE COLOUR CAN BE APPLIED IN THE DESIGN  KNOWN AS  SINGLE COLOUR DESIGN MULTI COLOUR DESIGN
DIFFERNCE BETWEEN DYEING AND PRINTING  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PRINTING ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PRINTING STUDY ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
METHODS OF PRINTING ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
FINISHING  PURPOSE  TO IMPROVE THE APPEARANCE OF FABRIC  FEEL OF FABRIC  IMPART CERTAIN DESIRABLE PROPERTIES TO FABRIC LIKE  WATER REPELLENT PROPERTY FOR RAIN COATS WRINKLE FREE PROPERTY TO SHIRTING AND TRAUSER FABRIC FLAME RETARDANT PROPERTY TO CURTAINS  TREATMENT CARRIED OUT MAINLY IN THE FABRIC FORM CAN BE CARRIED OUT IN THE GARMENT FORM ALSO
TYPES OF FINISHING AGENTS  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],OTHER METHODS FOR PRINT LIKE EFFECTS

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Fibre to garments overview

  • 1. AN OVERVIEW OF PROCESSES INVOLVED IN THE CONVERSION OF FIBRE TO GARMENTS Prof. R. B. CHAVAN Former Professor, I I T Delhi, Consultant, Mahatma Gandhi Inst. of Rural Ind. Wardha E-mail rbchavan@hotmail.com
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  • 9. CONVERSION OF FIBRE TO STAPLE YARN EXAMPLE COTTON PRE-SPINNING PROCESSES SPINNING PROCESS PRE-SPINNING PROCESSES GINNING BALE FORMATION TRANSPORTATION TO TEXTILE MILLS OPENING LAP MAKING CARDING SLIVER MAKING ROVING MAKING PRINCIPLE STRETCHING OF FIBRES ARRANGING THE FIBRES PARALLEL TO EACH OTHER
  • 10. PR-SPINNING MACHINES GINNING BALE MAKING OPENER LAP MAKING CARDING DRAWING FRAME SPEED FRAME SPINNING MACHINES SMALL SCALE SPINNING CHARKHA LARGE SCALE SPINNING RING SPINNING MACHINE
  • 11. WEAVING CONVERSION OF YARN TO FABRIC INTERLACEMENT OF YARN IN SPECIFIC WAY IN TWO DIRECTION (WIDTH WISE AND LENGTHWISE) LENGTH DIRECTION WARP WIDTH DIRECTION WEFT
  • 12. WEAVING MACHINES LOOMS MANUALLY OPERATED LOOMS ELECTRICALY OPERATED LOOMS MANUAL LOOMS KNOWN AS HANDLOOMS FRAME LOOM PIT LOOM SEMI-AUTOMATIC LOOMS ELECTRICALLY OPERATED LOOMS KNOWN AS POWER LOOMS DIFFERENT TYPES LIKE SIMPLE POWERLOOM AIR JET LOOM RAPIER LOOM WATER JET LOOM
  • 13. LOOMS FOR PRODUCING DESIGNED FABRIC DOBBY LOOM JACQUARD LOOM AVAILABLE BOTH IN MANUAL AND ELECTRICAL CATEGORY
  • 14. KNITTING INTERLACEMENT OF SINGLE YARN WARP DIRECTION: WARP KNITTING WEFT DIRECTION: WEFT KNITTING MACHINES WARP KNITTING MACHINES WEFT KNITTING MACHINES
  • 15. CHEMICAL PROCESSING VALUE ADDITION THROUGH PREPARATORY PROCESSES DYEING PRINTING FINISHING
  • 16. PREPARATORY PROCESSES DESIZING SCOURING BLEACHING MERCERIZATION Purpose To remove Natural and added impurities To improve the appearance of fabric To impart certain desirable properties To make it suitable for subsequent processes like dyeing, printing finishing CAN BE CARRIED OUT IN YARN FORM FABRIC FORM
  • 17. DYEING TO IMPART COLOUR UNIFORMLY ALONG THE LENGTH AND WIDTH OF FABRIC UNIFORMLY ON THE BACK AND FACE OF FABRIC DYEING CAN BE CARRIED OUT IN FIBRE FORM YARN FORM FABIC FORM
  • 18. MACHINES USED FOR DYEING FIBRE DYEING MACHINES YARN DYEING MACHINES HANK DYEING MACHINES CHEESE DYEING MACHINES CONE DYEING MACHINES FABRIC DYEING JIGGER DYEING MACHINES PADDING MANGLE WINCH DYEING MACHINE JET DYEING MACHINES
  • 19. PRINTING DYEING IN THE LOCALIZED FORM APPLICATION OF COLOUR IN THE FORM OF DESIGN ONE OR MORE THAN ONE COLOUR CAN BE APPLIED IN THE DESIGN KNOWN AS SINGLE COLOUR DESIGN MULTI COLOUR DESIGN
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  • 24. FINISHING PURPOSE TO IMPROVE THE APPEARANCE OF FABRIC FEEL OF FABRIC IMPART CERTAIN DESIRABLE PROPERTIES TO FABRIC LIKE WATER REPELLENT PROPERTY FOR RAIN COATS WRINKLE FREE PROPERTY TO SHIRTING AND TRAUSER FABRIC FLAME RETARDANT PROPERTY TO CURTAINS TREATMENT CARRIED OUT MAINLY IN THE FABRIC FORM CAN BE CARRIED OUT IN THE GARMENT FORM ALSO
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