This document summarizes and compares different networking components and technologies: 1. It describes routers, switches, hubs, and their functions in distributing data across local and wide area networks. 2. It provides details on common networking cable types (UTP, STP, fiber optic), their bandwidth capabilities and maximum transmission distances. 3. It explains Ethernet standards for wired networking including categories of cabling (Cat5e, Cat6), wiring pinouts, and the impact of full or half duplex modes on bandwidth.

1. 4
1. Router)
LAN
WAN
2. Switch
o
o Bandwidth 10/100/1000 Mbps
o
3. Hub
o
o Bandwidth 10/100/1000 Mbps
o
Hub Switch
 Hub Hub
Hub
Switch
Switch
Hub

2.  Hub Repeater)
Switch ,
,
Ethernet Card
o
Switch Hub
o Bandwidth 10/100/1000 Mbps
Ethernet Card
 LNK LINK
 10 10
MB/s 100
100 MB/s
 ACT (Activity)
---
,
Modem
o
o Bandwidth 56 Kbp

3. Access Point
o
wireless)
o Bandwidth 11/54 Mbps
Wireless Card
o
o Bandwidth 11/54 Mbps
UTP (Unshielded Twist Pair)
o Ethernet
Switch Hub
o Bandwidth 10/100/1000 Mbps
o
o 100m
UTP RJ-45
o UTP Ethernet Lan RJ-45
o UTP 8
4
RJ-45 2

4.  A (Standard 568A)
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
 B (Standard 568B)
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
UTP 2 RJ-45
o (UTP Straight Cable)
Hub Switch 2
A B

5. o (UTP Cross-over Cable)
2
Hub Switch
Router (
2
A B
UTP Straight Cable)
UTP Cross-over Cable
STP (Shielded Twisted Pair)
o UTP
UTP
o UTP
Fiber Optic
o
o Bandwidth 10/100/1000 Mbps
o 500m – 2Km

6. Duplex
2
o Half Duplex
Ethernet 10 BaseT (10Mbps)
o Full Duplex
Fast
Ethernet (100Mbps) Gigabit Ethernet
(1000Mbps)