Panduan Prasiswazah ( Sains Nuklear ).pdf

Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi 275
Struktur Program Sains Nuklear (3 laluan) / Nuclear Science Programme Structure (3 tracks)
TAHUN
S
E
M
TERAS CITRA UNIVERSITI LALUAN
JUMLAH
Wajib
Fakulti
(WF)
Wajib Major
(WM)
Citra Wajib
(CW)
Citra Rentas (CR) Keusahawanan
(U)
Industri
(I)
Kesarjanaan
(S) U I S
1
I
LMCE1062/
LMCE1072/
LMCE1082
STKK1233
STSN1012
STSN1132
STQM1913
(C2)
C1
C2
C3
C4
C5
C6
12^
II
STQM1923
STSN1122
STSN1142
LMCW 1022 STQS1913 (C2) 12^
2
I
LMCE2082/
LMCE2092/
LMCE2103
STSN2012
STSN2052
STSN2072
STSN2092
STSN2152
STSN2132
LMCW 2143 17/18^
II
STSN2022
STSN2062
STSN2142
STSN2162
LMCW 2153
LMCW 2022
CMIE2123
STSB2222
STSN2082
STSF2362 16^
17
^ 15^
3
I LMCE3061/
LMCE3071
STSN3032
STSN3092
STSN3132
CMIE2213
CMIE3013
STSB3392
STSN3152
STSN3052
STSN3313
13^ 9^ 14^
II STSN3992 CMIE2423
STSB2164
STSN3182
STSN3022
(STSN3062
ATAU
STSN3042)
STSN3042
STSN3182 5^
12
^ 6^
4
I STSN4996
CMIE 2313
STSN4192 9^ 6^ 8^
II
STSN4889
(12 kredit)
12
JUMLAH
PENUH
5 60 10 30 15 15 15
120 120 120
65 40 15

Petunjuk
^ Bilangan unit tidak termasuk jumlah kredit Citra C1-C6 yang tidak dinyatakan kod kursus
Kursus Citra Universiti
C1 – Minimum 2 kredit C2 – Minimum 2 kredit C3 – Minimum 2 kredit
C4 – Minimum 2 kredit C5 – Minimum 2 kredit C6 – Minimum 2 kredit

SENARAI KURSUS/ LIST OF COURSES
Taraf Kursus Tajuk Title
Wajib Fakulti
(WF)
LMCE1062 Academic Interaction (MUET 3)
LMCE1072 Academic Literacy (MUET 4)
LMCE1082 Page to Stage (MUET 5&6)
LMCE2082 Pro-Talk English (MUET 3)
LMCE2092 Speak to Persuade (MUET 4)
LMCE2103 Advanced Communication Project (MUET 5&6)
LMCE3061 Corporate Storytelling (MUET 3)
LMCE3071 Professional Communication (MUET 4)
Wajib Major
(WM)
STKK1233 Kimia Am I General Chemistry I
STQM1923 Teknik Matematik II
Mathematical
Techniques II
STSN1012 Asas Sains Nuklear
Introductory Nuclear
Science
STSN1122 Biologi Sinaran Radiation Biology
STSN1132 Pengesanan Sinaran Radiation Detection
STSN1142
Makmal Sinaran dan
Keradioaktifan
Radiation and
Radioactivity Laboratory
STSN2012 Biologi Sinaran Gunaan Applied Radiation
Biology
STSN2022
Peralatan Nuklear dan
Teknologi Reaktor
Nuclear Instrumentation
and
Reactor Technology
STSN2052 Kimia Sinaran Radiation Chemistry
STSN2062 Makmal Pemprosesan Sinaran
Radiation Processing
Laboratory
STSN2072
Makmal Analisis
Radiokimia
Radiochemical Analysis
Laboratory
STSN2092 Fizik Atom Atomic Physics
STSN2132 Radiokimia Radiochemistry
STSN2142 Fizik Nuklear Nuclear Physics
STSN2152 Radiobiologi Radiobiology
STSN2162 Fizik Kesihatan Health Physics
STSN3032
Makmal Instrumentasi
Nuklear
Nuclear Instrumentation
Laboratory
STSN3092 Fizik Reaktor Reaktor Physics
STSN3132 Radioekologi Radioecology
STSN3992 Latihan Ilmiah I Research Project I
STSN4996 Latihan Ilmiah II Research Project II

STSN4889 Latihan Industri Industrial Training
Citra Wajib
(CW)
LMCW1022
Asas Keusahawanan dan
Inovasi
Fundamentals of
Entrepreneurship and
Innovation
LMCW2022 Pengurusan dan Analitik Data Data Management and
Analytic
LMCW2143 Falsafah dan Isu Semasa Philosophy and Current
Issues
LMCW2153
Penghayatan Etika dan
Peradaban
Appreciation of Ethic and
Civilizations
Citra Rentas
(CR)
STQM1913 Teknik Matematik I (C2) Mathematical
Techniques 1(C2)
STQS1913
Statistik Gunaan (C2) Applied Statistics (C2)
Keusahawanan
(U)
CMIE2123 Teknousahawan Technopreneurship
CMIE2213
Pembangunan
Perusahaan Mikro & Kecil
Micro & Small Business
Development
CMIE2313
Keusahawanan Sosial &
Inovasi
Social Entrepreneurship
& Innovation
CMIE2423 Pemasaran Digital Digital Marketing
CMIE3013
Inovasi Produk &
Keusahawanan I
Product Innovation &
Entrepreneurship I
Industri
(I)
STSB2164 Inovasi Produk Product Innovation
STSB2222 Kawalan Kualiti Bahan
Quality Control of
Materials
STSB3392 Ujian Tanpa Musnah I Nondestructive Testing I
STSN2082 Teknologi Nuklear Dalam
Industri
Nuclear Technology in
Industry
STSN3022 Kimia Industri Nuklear
Chemistry for Nuclear
Industry
STSN3042
Teknik Nuklear Dalam
Perubatan
Nuclear Techniques in
Medicine
STSN3062 Keselamatan Industri Industrial Safety
STSN3182
Pengurusan Keselamatan
Sinaran
Radiation Safety
Management
Kesarjanaan STSF2362 Penjanaan Tenaga dan Energy Generation and

(S) Pembangunan Development
STSN3042
Teknik Nuklear Dalam
Perubatan
Nuclear Techniques in
Medicine
STSN3052 Fizik Tenaga Tinggi High Energy Physics
STSN3152 Fizik Nuklear Lanjutan
Advanced Nuclear
Physics
STSN3182
Pengurusan Keselamatan
Sinaran
Radiation Safety
Management
STSN4192
Pengenalan Hidraulik
Termal
Introduction to Thermal
Hydraulic
STSN3313 Undang-undang Nuklear Nuclear Law

SINOPSIS KURSUS DAN BACAAN ASAS
COURSES SYNOPSIS AND REFERENCES
STRUKTUR PROGRAM SAINS NUKLEAR (3 LALUAN)
NUCLEAR SCIENCE PROGRAMME STRUCTURE (3 TRACKS)
STSN1012 Asas Sains Nuklear/ Introductory Nuclear Science
Kursus ini ialah kursus pengenalan kepada pelajar yang mengikuti Program Sains Nuklear
untuk memahami secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif konsep atom dan keradioaktifan Kursus
ini merangkumi perkara seperti struktur atom, komposisi nukleus serta kestabilan nukleus.
Penjelasan tentang bagaimana nuklid radioaktif mereput dan perkara berkaitan tentang
kinetik, tenaga pereputan, keseimbangan pereputan bersiri dan konsep setengah hayat juga
diberikan. Penerangan kepada jenis-jenis tindakbalas nukleus yang boleh dilakukan di
makmal dan yang berlaku di matahari, pembentukan bintang dan astrofizik nuklear. Kuliah
ringkas tentang prinsip reaktor nuklear juga diberi bagi meningkatkan kefahaman tentang
penggunaan teknologi nuklear.
This course is an expository course for Nuclear Science Programme undergraduate to
understand qualitatively and quantitatively concepts of atoms and radioactivity. This course
covers structure of atoms, composition of nucleus and nuclear stability. Explanation of
nuclear decay process involving kinetic energies, decay energies, equilibrium of decay
series as well as half-lives will be given. The types of nuclear reaction which can be studied
in the laboratory as well as that occurring in the Sun and stellar bodies and some aspect of
introductory nuclear astrophysics will be given. A brief discussion on the principles of
nuclear reactor and nuclear power will be given to enhance the understanding on the use of
nuclear technology.
Bacaan Asas/References
Dunlap, R.A. 2004. An Introduction to the Physics of Nuclei and Particles. Toronto:
Brooks/Cole.
Lynas, M. 2014. Nuclear 2.0: Why a Green Future Needs Nuclear Power. UIT Cambridge
Lilley, J. S. 2001. Nuclear physics: principles and applications. Chichester: John Wiley &
Sons.
Sarmani, S. 1991. Radiokimia. KL: DBP.
Wong, S.M.S. 2013. Introductory nuclear physics. Prentice Hall Pvt. Ltd.
Hasil Pembelajaran Kursus (HPK)/ Course Outcome (CO)
HPK1 Kebolehan untuk menerangkan atom dan nuklear berpandukan kepada model
atom.
Ability to explain the atom and nucleus based on atomic models.
HPK2 Kebolehan untuk mengirakan tenaga ikatan bagi nuklid serta proses pereputan
nuklear yang melibatkan tenaga kinetik, tenaga pereputan, keseimbangan pereputan
bersiri.
Ability to calculate binding energy of nuclide as well as nuclear decay process
involving kinetic energies, decay energies, equilibrium of decay series.
HPK3 Kebolehan untuk membandingkan tindakbalas nuklear, tindakbalas pembelahan dan
tindakbalas lakuran.
Ability to compare the nuclear reactions, fission reactions and fusion reactions.

HPK4 Kebolehan untuk menghuraikan, melukiskan reaktor nuklear dan memberi perincian
bagi komponen dalam reaktor penyelidikan (MNA).
Ability to describe, illustrate the nuclear reactor and give details of the components
inside the research reactor (MNA).
STSN1122 Biologi Sinaran/ Radiation Biology
Kursus ini membincangkan hubungkait dan kesan sinaran ke atas kehidupan. Penekanan
diberikan ke atas kesan sinaran dari peringkat sel hingga ke peringkat seluruh tubuh, kesan
stokastik, genetik dan juga faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesan tersebut. Kesan sinaran
terhadap makromolekul merangkumi protein, karbohidrat, lemak dan asid dioksiribonukleik.
Lengkuk Kemandirian dan teori sasaran, kinetik sel dan mod kerosakan sel serta kesan
kehadiran pemeka dan pelindung sinaran turut dibincang. Kesan sinaran di peringkat
kromosom juga merangkumi pelbagai implikasi yang boleh diwujudkan. Kesan sinaran di
peringkat organ dan keseluruh tubuh merangkumi sistem hematopoietik, paru-paru, kesan
kepada pembiakan serta dedahan akut dan dedahan kronik
This course will discuss the relationship and the effect of radiation to the life systems.
Emphasis is given on the effect of radiation at the cell level followed by that of the whole
body, stochastic and deterministic effects, genetic and other factors that contribute to
radiation effects such as the present of sensitizers and protectors. The effect of radiation to
the macro molecules such as protein, carbohydrates, fats and deoxyribonucleic acids will
be discussed as well as the survival curves, target theory and cell kinetics. The discussion
on the effects of radiation at the chromosome level will also cover the consequences of the
damage. The effects of radiation at organ and whole body levels are include hematopoietic
systems, lungs and gonads, as well as acute and chronic exposures.
AELB, 2004. Guide Notes for Radiation Protection Officer.Kuala Lumpur: McgrawHill
Ahmad Termizi Ramli. 1993. Biofizik Sinaran. Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka
Hall, E. 2000.Radiobiology for Radiologist: London: Lippincott Williams & Wilking
Krupanshankar, R., David, M.P., Sowbagya, M.B. 2014. Radiation Biology: An Insight.
Lambert Academic Publishing.
Kelsey C.A. 2014. Radiation Biology of medical Imaging. Wiley Blackwell.
HPK1 Menerangkan kesan langsung dan tak langsung serta mekanisme tindakan sinaran
ke atas sistem biologi pada aras molekul, sel dan organisma.
Explain the direct and indirect effect, and the action mechanisme of radiation on
biological systems at molecule, cell and organism level.
HPK2 Menghurai kesan sinaran ke atas dedahan seluruh tubuh dan menerangkan faktor
pembolehubah ke atas kesan sinaran.
Elaborate the effects of radiation during whole body exposure and explain how the
modifying factors affects this phenomenon
HPK3 Mengaplikasi potensi penggunaaan dari kesan negatif dedahan sinaran.
Apply the potential use of the negative effects of radiation exposure.

STSN1132 Pengesanan Sinaran/ Radiation Detection
Kursus ini merangkumi semua aspek berkaitan dengan pengesanan berbagai jenis
radioisotop dan sinaran. Salingtindak sinaran dengan jirim, prinsip kerja alat pengesan, ciri
kimia dan fizikal bahan yang diguna dibincangkan yang antaranya merangkumi sistem
pengesanan berisi gas, sistem pengesanan kelipan, sistem pengesanan semikonduktor,
pembilang Cerenkov, kebukawan, neutron dan emulsi filem. Pengesan pendar gerlap terma,
kimia dan kelipan plastic akan turut dibincang. Kelebihan dan kelemahan alat pengesan dan
bahannya juga dibicarakan. Statistik aspek pengesanan dan analisis data turut diutamakan -
jenis ralat, rambatan ralat, suaian lengkuk, ujian Chi dan sumber ralat.
This course covers a wide range topic of detection of nuclear radiation and isotopes.
Reaction of radiation with matter, principles of detection, physical and chemical
characteristics of detector materials will be discussed including gas detection systems,
scintillators, semiconductor detectors, Cerenkov counter, cloud chamber, simple counters,
neutron and film detectors. Thermos luminescence detectors, chemical and scintillation
plastics will also be discussed. The advantages and disadvantages of the various detectors
will be discussed. Statistical aspects of detection and data analysis will be given including
type of errors, propagation of errors, curve fitting, Chi tests and sources of errors and
systematic errors.
Tsoulfanidis, N. and Landsberger, S. 2010.Measurement and Detection of Radiation. New
York: McGraw- Hill.
Ahmed, S.N. 2014. Physics and Engineering of Radiation Detection, Second Edition.
Elsevier.
Knoll, G.F. 2010. Radiation Detection and Measurement, Fourth Edition. N. York: John
Wiley & Sons.
Knoll, G.F. 2012. Radiation Detection and Measurement, Students Solution Manual. N.
York: John Wiley & Sons.
Lyons, L. 1986. Statistics for Nuclear and Particle Physicists, Cambridge: University Press.
Hasil Pembelajaran Kursus (HPK)/Course Outcome (CO)
HPK1 Menghurai konsep sistem pengesanan sinaran.
Elaborate the concept of radiation detection system.
HPK2 Mengenalpasti struktur dan menyenaraikan sifat pengesan sinaran.
Identify the structure and list the characteristics of radiation detectors.
HPK3 Memilih dan menggunakan peralatan pengesanan sinaran.
Choose and use of radiation detection apparatus.
HPK4 Menganalisis dan menterjemah data secara tepat.
Analyse results and interpret data accurately.
STSN1142 Makmal Sinaran dan Keradioaktifan/ Radiation and Radioactivity
Laboratory
Amali ini melibatkan: Keselamatan dalam makmal sains nuklear, elektronik dasar untuk
pembilang dan pengesan nuklear, spektrometer hablur NaI(Tl), sistem pengesan sinaran
nuklear, penentuan voltan kerja pengesan Geiger Muller, statistik pembilang, masa leraian
Geiger Muller, spektroskopi sinar gama menggunakan pengesan kelipan hablur NaI(Tl)dan

penganalisis multisaluran dengan pengesan germanium berketulinan tinggi dan sebar balik
zarah beta.
This laboratory course involves: Safety in nuclear science laboratory, introductory
electronics for counters and nuclear detectors, NaI(Tl) crystal spectrometer, nuclear
radiation detection system, voltage determination of Geiger Muller counter, statistics of
counting, discrimination time of Geiger Muller counter, gamma ray spectroscopy using
NaI(Tl) detector and multichannel analysis using hyperpure germanium detector and
Backscattering of beta radiation.
Tsoulfanidis, N. & Landsberger, S. 2011. Measurement and Detection of Radiation. London:
CRC Press.
Knoll, G.F. 2010. Radiation Detection and Measurement.Singapore: John Wiley & Sons.
Lowenthal, G.and Airey, P.2001.Practical Applications of Radioactivity and Nuclear
Radiations. Cambridge University Press.
Leo, W. R. 1994. Techniques for Nuclear and Particle Physics Experiments: A How-to
Approach. New York: Springer Science & Business Media.
HPK1 Berkeupayaan mengenalpasti aspek keselamatan makmal nuklear, menterjemah,
membincang dan melaporkan ujikaji.
Ability to identify safety aspects in nuclear laboratory, to interpret, discuss and
report experiments.
HPK2 Berkeupayaan melakukan analisis statistik pembilangan.
Ability to carry out statistics of counting.
HPK3 Berkeupayaan mengira masa mati dan setengah hayat.
Ability to calculate paralysis time and half-life.
HPK4 Berkeupayaan menentukan ciri plateau pembilang GM, membandingkan
spektrometer pengesan NaI (Tl) dan HPGe.
Ability to determine plateau characteristics of GM counter, compare NaI(Tl)
spectrometer and intrinsic germanium spectrometer.
STSN2012 Biologi Sinaran Gunaaan/ Applied Radiation Biology
Kursus ini membincangkan kegunaan semasa sinaran mengion dalam bidang pertanian,
pengawetan makanan (sinaran makanan), biak baka, radiostimulasi, kawalan serangga
perosak, kuarantin dan perubatan. Kegunaan dalam sinaran makanan merangkumi aspek
status terkini, kaedah pengesanan dan perundangan. Teknik kawalan serangga mandul
dibincang dalam pengawalan serangga perosak. Sinaran dalam bidang perubatan meliputi
radiodiagnosis, radioterapi dan pensterilan.
This course covering all aspects of potential and current application of ionizing radiation
in agriculture, food irradiation, breeding, radio-stimulation in plant, controlling pest
population, quarantine treatment and in medical. The use in food irradiation covers the
current status, detection and legislation. Male sterile technique is discussed in controlling
pest population. The application in medicine covers the radio- diagnostic, radiotherapy and
sterilization.

Calkins, O.C., Klassen, W. & Liedo, P. 1994.Fruit Flies and Sterile Insect Technique. Boca
Raton: CRC Press Inc.
Hamblin, M.R. and Huang, Y.Y. 2013. Handbook of Photomedicine. CRC Press.
Diehl, J. F. 1990. Safety of Irradiated Food.New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.
Yip, S. 2014. Applied Nuclear Concepts: Radiation Interactions and Transport. World
Scientific
Van Harten, A.M. 1998. Mutation Breeding: Theory and Practical Applications.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
HPK1 Untuk memahami potensi dan penggunaan masa kini pelbagai kesan sinaran ke atas
kehidupan.
Understand potential use of various radiation effects in life to date.
HPK2 Untuk memahami penggunaan masa kini teknologi sinaran dalam mengatasi
masalah keselamatan dan sekuriti makanan.
Understand potential use of various radiation effects in life to date.
HPK3 Untuk memahami kegunaan sinaran masa kini dalam bioteknologi (Biak baka dan
radiostimulasi) bagi meningkatkan hasil pengeluaran makanan.
Understand the current application of radiation in biotechnology (Cross Breading
and radiostimulation) in enhancing food production.
HPK4 Untuk memahami penggunaan teknik sinaran dalam pengawalan serangga dan
penggunaan Teknologi terkini sinaran dalam bidang perubatan.
Understand the use of radiation techniques in insect control and application of
radiation technology in medicine.
STSN2022 Peralatan Nuklear Dan Teknologi Reaktor/ Nuclear Instrumentation and
Reactor Technology
Kursus ini membincangkan peralatan yang digunakan dalam ujikaji dan industry nuklear.
Diantaranya adalah pemecut zarah, Vand de Graf, Linac, Betatron, Sinklotron, dan Penjana
Neutron. Reaktor nuklear yang dibincangkan adalah berbagai dari segi penggunaannya
dalam penyelidikan ataupun penjanaan kuasa termasuk TRIGA MARK IV, Reaktor
Pembiak dan sebagainya. Lain-lain peralatan nuklear seperti XPS dan Spektrometer jisim
juga turut dibincangkan.
This course discusses instrumentation used in nuclear industry; Particle accelerator such
as Cascade, Van de Graf, Linac, Synchrotron, Betatron, and neutron generator. Nuclear
reactor discusses TRIGA reactor, Power Reactors and Breeders. Other instrumentation
includes XPS and Mass Spectrometer is discussed. As a complement, vacuum technology
and glass technology will be discussed.
Bennet, D.J. 1981. Elements of Nuclear Power. 2nd Edition. London. Longman.
Glasstone, S. & Sesonke, A. 2014. Nuclear Reactor Engineering: Reactor Design basics /
Reactor Systems Engineering. 4th Edition. Springer
Lamarsh, J.R. and Baratta, A.J. 2001. Introduction to Nuclear Engineering. 2nd Edition.
New York. Addison Wesley Publishing Company.
O’Hanlon, J.F. 1989. A User Guide to Vacuum Technology. New York. John Wiley & Sons.

Hill, C.G. and Root, T.W. 2014. Introduction to Chemical Engineering and Reactor Design.
John Wiley & Sons.
Hasil Pembelajaran Kursus n (HPK)/Course Outcome (CO)
HPK1 Memahami asas instrumentasi yang digunakan dalam teknologi nuklear.
Understand the basic instrumentation used in nuclear technology.
HPK2 Memahami penggunaan teknologi nuklear dalam penyelidikan.
Understand the usage of nuclear technology in research.
HPK3 Memahami prinsip, operasi dan penggunaan peralatan dalam ujikaji nuklear.
Understand the principles, operation and usage of instruments in nuclear
experiments.
HPK4 Memahami prinsip, operasi dan penggunaan peralatan dalam ujikaji nuklear.
Understand the principles, operation and usage of instruments in nuclear
experiments.
STSN2052 Kimia Sinaran/ Radiation Chemistry
Kursus ini membincangkan kesan sinaran ke atas system kimia. Perbincangan membabitkan
unit, kinetik dan mekanisma (hubungan kuantatif dos sinaran yang di terima, perkiraan dos
yang diterima oleh komponen tunggal dan campuran) penghasilan spesis perantara (ion,
spesis teruja dan radikal). Teknik uraisinar denyut iaitu peralatan dan prinsip akan turut
dibincang. Selanjutkan perbincangan meliputi kimia sinaran sistem gas, air dan akueous
(sebatian organik dan tak organik terlarut), sistem organik dan polimer (mekanisma
pempolimeran radikal dan peranan sinaran mengion), kesan sinaran terhadap bahan kaca,
logam dan separa pengalir.
Radiation chemistry is a study of the effects of ionizing radiation to chemical system. The
topics covered in this subject are the interaction the ionizing radiation with matter, unit,
kinetic and mechanism and the production of short life species (ion, excited species and
radicals). Pulse radiolysis technique and its facilities will also be discussed. The discussion
will be extended to the effects of radiation on various systems (gases, water and aqueous
system - organic and inorganic) as well as in liquid and solid organic system and polymeric
materials.
Friedlander, G. and Kennedy, J.W. 2014. An Introduction to Radiochemistry Nabu Press.
Woods, R. J & Pikaev, A.K. 1993. Applied Radiation Chemistry: Radiation Processing.
New York: Wiley.
Singh. A & Silverman, J.(Ed). 1991. Radiation Processing Polymers. Munich: Hanser
Choppin, G. and Lijenzin, J. O. 2013. Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry Fourth
Edition. AIP.
Jonah, C. D. dan Rao, B.S.M. 2001. Radiation Chemistry, Present Status and
Future Trends, Netherlands: Elsevier.
HPK1 Kebolehan memahami pertalian tenaga sinaran mengion yang diserap oleh atom dan
molekul yang membawa kepada perubahan kimia sesuatu bahan.
Ability to understand relationship of the ionizing energy absorbed by atoms and
molecules which lead to chemical changes of a substance.

HPK2 Memahami skala masa peristiwa terjadi selepas dedahan sinaran.
Understand time-scale involving event after radiation exposure.
HPK3 Berkebolehan menerangkan pelbagai tindakbalas kimia yang dimulakan oleh sinaran
mengion kepada sistem bahan kimia organik dan tak organik.
Ability to explain various chemical reaction initiated by the ionizing radiation in
inorganic and organic chemicals system.
HPK4 Menyedari potensi kegunaan sinar mengion sebagai sumber tenaga menggantikan
keadaan lazim bagi mengubah bahan polimer.
Aware the potential application of ionizing radiation as source of energy to
substitute the conventional method to change polymeric materials.
STSN2062 Makmal Pemprosesan Sinaran/ Radiation Processing Laboratory
Sejumlah amali berkaitan dengan kesan sinaran kepada sistem kimia dan sistem biologi
diberikan. Antara kerja amali yang dilaksanakan ialah penentuan dos secara kimia, kesan
sinaran kepada polimer, makanan, percambahan dan uraisinar warna.
The effects of radiation on chemical and biological systems are covered in this practical.
Amongst them are chemical methods for dose determination, radiation effects on polymer,
foods, seedling as well as radiolysis of dyes.
Webster, J.G. and Eren, H. 2014. Measurement, Instrumentation and Sensors Handbook,
Second Edition: Electromagnetic, Optical, Radiation, Chemical and Biomedical
Measurement. CRC Press.
IAEA. 1989. Radiation Preservation on Fish and Fishery Products, Tech Report No 303.
Vienna. IAEA
IAEA. 1992. Laboratory Training manual on the Use of Nuclear Techniques in Insect and
Control, 3rd. Tech Report No 336. Vienna. IAEA
Zaikin, Y. and Zaikina, R. 2013. Petroleum Radiation Processing. CRC Press.
Spinks & Woods. 1990. An Introduction to Radiation Chemistry. 3rd Edition. New York,
John Wiley & Sons.
HPK1 Memahami berbagai dosimeter kimia bagi menentukan kadar sebuah penyinar.
Understand the use of various chemical dosimeter in determining the dose rate of
an irradiator.
HPK2 Memahami kesan dan mekanisme tindakan sinaran kepada polimer dan faktor yang
mempengaruhinya.
Understand the effects and mechanism of radiation actions on polymers and the
modifying factors.
HPK3 Memahami keadah asas mengesan makanan yang dirawat dengan sinaran.
Understand the basic methods in detecting radiation treatment on foods.
HPK4 Memahami potensi kegunaan peyinaran bagi makanan dan pertanian.
Understand the various potential usage of irradiation in foods and agriculture.

STSN2072 Makmal Analisis Radiokimia/ Radiochemical Analysis Laboratory
Pelajar dikehendaki melakukan kelas amali, membuat analisis hasil dan membuat laporan
saintifik bagi tajuk berikut: salingtindak sinaran dengan jisim, spektrum sinar beta dan gama
serta analisis pengaktifan neutron serta radiometri
Students are required to conduct experiments, analyse the data and submit scientific reports
on the following topics: interaction of radiation with mass, beta and gamma spectrum,
neutron activation analysis and radiometry.
Choppin, G. and Lijenzin, J. O. 2013. Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry. AIP.
John, H.E & Cunningham, J.B. 1983. The Physics of Radiology, 4th, Eds, London. Charles
Thomas Publisher.
Knoll, G.F. 2010. Radiation Detection and Measurement. New York: John Wiley.
Sarmani, S. 1991. Radiokimi KL: DBP.
Tolgessy, J., Braun T. & Kyrs, M. 1972. Isotop Dilution Analysis: Oxford. Oxford:
Pergamon Press
HPK1 Memahami aspek teori dan praktikal interaksi sinaran dengan jirim.
Understand the theory and practical of the interaction of radiation with matter.
HPK2 Memahami aspek teori dan praktikal spectrum sinar beta dan gamma.
Understand the theory and practical of the beta and gamma spectrum.
HPK3 Memahami aspek teori dan praktikal analisis pengaktifan neutron instrumentasi dan
radiokimia.
Understand the theory and practical of the instrumental and radiochemical neutron
activation analysis.
HPK4 Memahami dan menggunakan analisis kaedah radiosurihan.
Understand and carried out analysis using radiotracers.
STSN2082 Teknologi Nuklear dalam Industri / Nuclear Technology in Industry
Kuliah ini membincangkan topik membabitkan pemprosesan sinaran, teknik surihan,
radiografi, tolok nuklear dan sensor berkaitan, bateri nuklear serta instrumentasi analisis.
Sinaran pemprosesan termasuklah yang menggunakan sumber sinar gama dan alur elektron
ke atas sistem polimer seperti pempolimeran radikal, taut silang dan pemutusan, rawatan
permukaan, penyediaan biobahan dan lain- lain. Teknik radiografi menggunakan sumber
seperti sinar X, gama, neutron dan proton turut dibincang.
The topics that covered in this course are radiation processing, tracer technique,
radiography, nuclear gauges and related sensors, nuclear battery and nuclear analytical
instrumentation. Radiation processing using gamma ray and electron beam to polymeric
system, such as in radical polymerization, crosslink and degradation, grafting, surface
coating and preparation of biomaterials. The lecture also covered radiographic techniques
using radiation sources of X-ray and gamma ray, neutron, autoradiography, proton etc.

Wilson, J.G. 2014. The Principles of Cloud Chamber Technique. Cambridge University
Press.
Folidak, G. 1986. Industrial Application of Radioisotope. New York: Elseviser
Rosza, S. 1989. Nuclear Measurements in Industry, Amsterdam: Elsevier
Rao, Mejali, Deshpande, Murthy. 1986. Industrial Applications of Radioisotope and
Radiation, New Delhi: Wiley Eastern.
Woods, R. Woods and Pikaev, A.K. 1993. Applied Radiation Chemistry: Radiation
Processing, New York: John Wiley & Sons.
HPK1 Mengklasifikasi dos sinaran digunakan untuk pelbagai kegunaan industri dan
aplikasi baru.
Classify radiation dosage applied to various industrial application and new possible
applications.
HPK2 Menghurai ciri perubahan fizik dan kimia bahan tersinar dan potensi penggunaannya
dalam pelbagai industri.
Understand characteristics of physical and chemical changes of irradiated material
and their potential usage in various industries.
HPK3 Menerangkan pelbagai instrumen dan kaedah yang dibangunkan menggunakan
sinaran mengion dan radioisotop bagi pengukuran fizikal dan analisis kimia.
Explain the various instrumentation and methods developed using ionizing radiation
and radioisotopes for physical and chemical analyses.
STSN2132 Radiokimia/ Radiochemistry
Kursus meliputi pengenalan kepada teori asas, perkembangan kaedah analisis, penyediaan
sampel dan piawaiserta kaedah analisis. Pengolahan data dan kawalan mutu analisis juga
diberikan. Antara kaedah analisis yang dibincangkan adalah: analisis pengaktifan neutron
(APN) – prinsip dan penggunaan, pengaktifan sampel, penyediaan piawai primer dan
sekunder, pengaktifan menggunakan neutron cepat, epiterma, terma dan zarah bercas;
instrumentasi APN – kaedah bandingan dan piawaian k0; penyurih dalam kimia analisis –
titratan radiometri, analisis pencairan isotop, radioimmunoasei dan autoradiografi; analisis
radionuklid sekitaran serta pentarikhan nuklear – kaedah helium-uranium, rubidium-
strontium, radiokarbon dan tritium. Lain-lain teknik yang turut dibincangkan adalah
pendarfluor sinar-X (XRF), spektroskopi fotoelektron sinar-X (XPS) dan pemancar sinar-X
aruhan proton (PIXE).
This course covers introduction of the basic theory, development in the analytical methods,
preparation of samples and standards and analytical procedures. Analysis of data will be
also discussed. Among the analytical techniques discussed are: neutron activation analysis
(NAA) – the principle and application, activation of the samples, preparation of primary and
secondary standards, activation involving fast, epithermal, thermal and charges particles;
NAA instrumentation – ko standard and comparative methods; tracer in chemical analysis
– radiometry titration, isotope dilution technique, radioimmunoassay, autoradiography;
environmental radionuclide analysis and nuclear dating – helium-uranium, rubidium-
strontium, radiocarbon and tritium methods. Other techniques that will be discussed are
XRF, XPS and PIXE.

Choppin, G.R., Liljenzin, J.O.& Rydberg, J. 2002. Radiochemistry and nuclear chemistry.
Woburn: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Sarmani, S. 1991. Radiokimia. KL: DBP.
Rosch, F. 2014. Nuclear and Radiochemistry: An Introduction (De Gruyfer Textbook).
Walter de Gruyfer Inc.
Choppin, G.R. & Rydberg, J. 1980. Nuclear Chemistry: Theory and applications. Oxford:
Pergamon Press.
Choppin, G., Liljenzin, J.O., Rydberg, J., Ekberg, C. 2013. Radiochemistry and Nuclear
Chemistry. Elsevier.
HPK1 Memahami teori dan aspek amali bagi analisis pengaktifan neutron yang berpandu
kepada kaedah instrumentasi dan radiokimia.
Understand the theory and practical aspects of the neutron activation analysis based
on instrumentation and radiochemical methods.
HPK2 Kebolehan untuk mengenalpastikan penyurih radioaktif dalam analisis kimia dan
pemisahan kimia.
Ability to identify radiotracer chemical analysis and chemical separation
HPK3 Memahami dan menjalankan analisis radionuklid sekitaran.
Understand and carry out analysis of environmental radionuclides
HPK4 Kebolehan untuk memahami lain-lain teknik analisis nuklear seperti XRF, XPS dan
PIXE.
Ability to understand other nuclear analysis techniques such as XRF, XPS and PIXE.
STSN2142 Fizik Nuklear / Nuclear Physics
Tajuk berikut dibincangkan: Asas mekanik kuantum, sifat nukleus, momen elektrik dan
momen magnet; Model nukleus, Model Fermi, Model Titisan cecair, model petala, model
salingtindak Boson, Model Kolektif dan pengiraan Hatree-Fock; Teori pereputan alfa dan
beta, Plot Kurie dan petua pilihan; Transisi gamma; keadaan pengujaan; kadar peralihan,
momen multikutub, korelasi sudut dan keisomeran. Pembelahan dan pelakuran; garisan
titisan neutron dan proton dalam carta unsur.
The following topics will be discussed: Basic quantum mechanic, nuclear properties,
electrical and magnetic moment, nuclear model, Fermi gas model, Liquid drops model,
orbital model, Boson interaction model, Hartree-Fock calculation and collective model,
beta and alpha decay theory, selection rules and Kurie plot, gamma transition, excited state,
transition rate, multipoles moment, isomerism and angle correlation, fission and fusion and
neutron proton drip line in the elements chart.
Barr, A.J. 2014. Nuclear and Particle Physics. Create Space Independent Publishing.
Eder, G. 1968. Introduction to Theoretical Nuclear Physics. Mass, USA. MIT Press.
Anwar Kamal. 2014. Nuclear Physics (Graduate Texts in Physics). Springer
Krane, K.S. 1988. Introductory Nuclear Physics, London. John Wiley.
Enge, H. 1982. Introduction to Nuclear Physics. New York. John Wiley

HPK1 Mengetahui dan memahami mekanik gelombang selanjar bermula dengan bentuk
sesuai persamaan Schroedinger dan menggunakan keadaan antaramuka dan
sempadan yang sesuai.
Being able to know and comprehend with steady wave mechanics problems
beginning from the appropriate form of Schrodinger's equation and employing the
appropriate boundary and interfacial conditions.
HPK2 Mengetahui dan memahami model petala fizik atom dan nuklear dan kenapa nombor
ajaib dalam fizik nuklear berbeza dengan fizik atom, serta menjelaskan implikasi
keputusan pilihanbahan kandungan untuk teras reaktor nuklear.
Being able to know and comprehend with shell models of atomic and nuclear physics
and explain why the "magic numbers" of nuclear physics differ from those of atomic
physics and also, explain the implications of these results for selection of constituent
materials for nuclear reactor cores.
HPK3 Mengetahui dan memahami ciri kebergantungan tenaga berbagai jenis keratan
rentas, termasuk kegunaan keratan rentas untuk meramal kadar/jenis tindakbalas.
Being able to know and comprehend with the characteristic energy-dependence of
different types of cross-sections, as well as use given cross-sections to estimate
reaction rates/types
STSN2152 Radiobiologi/ Radiobiology
Kursus ini akan membincangkan tentang asas pemilihan dan pemberian bahan berlabel
dalam sistem yang berbeza, penyediaan sebatian berlabel, analisis pencairan isotop, teori
ruang dan autoradiografi. Penekanan juga akan diberi kepada penyediaan dan analisis
sampel yang dilabel dengan bahan radioaktif dan isotop stabil. Penggunaan penyurih dalam
kehidupan harian juga akan dibincangkan
This course will discuss the fundamental of labeled material and use of labeled material in
different system, synthesis of labeled material, isotope dilution technique compartmental
theory and autoradiography. Emphasis will also have given to the synthesis and analysis of
radioactive as well as stable tracer. The use of tracer in everyday life will also be discussed.
Coleman, D.C.and Fry, B. 1991.Carbon Isotope technique (Isotopic Technique in Plant, Soil
and Aquatic Biology Series, Vol 1). London. Viking Penguin,
Horton, P.W. 1982. Radionuclide Techniques in Clinical Investigation. Medical Physics
Handbooks 12. England. Adam Hilger Ltd,
Joiner, M.C. and Kogel, A.V.D. 2014. Basic Clinical Radiobiology, Fifth Edition. CRC
Press.
Kelsey, C. A. and Heintz, P.H. 2014. Radiation Biology of Medical Imaging. Wiley
Blackwell.
Slater, R.J. 1990. Radioisotopes in Biology: A Practical Approach. Oxford: IRL Press,
Oxford University Press
HPK1 Menguasai asas penggunaan dan pemilihan traser.
Master the fundamental knowledge and selecting of tracer.

HPK2 Berkebolehan menganalisis bahan berlabel.
Ability to analyze labeled material.
HPK3 Menguasai prinsip dan teknik penyediaan bahan berlabel.
Master the principle and the technique in preparing a labeled material.
HPK4 Berkebolehan menggunakan radiotraser dalam penyelidikan.
Ability to use radiotracer in research.
STSN2162 Fizik Kesihatan/Health Physics
Kursus ini memberikan penekanan terhadap pelbagai unit sinaran, pengiraan dos dedahan
dan serapan, organ genting, kepekatan maksimum yang dibenarkan. Aspek kesan sinaran
terhadap tubuh dan falsafah serta prinsip asas perlindungan sinaran turut dibincangkan.
Perundangan dan peraturan berkaitan penggunaan sinaran dan bahan radioaktif, organisasi
dan program perlindungan sinaran, tindakan ketika kecemasan, peranan pekerja sinaran,
pengkelasan tempat kerja, pemonitoran individu dan kawasan, kawalan pencemaran serta
pengurusan sisa radioaktif akan diberikan berdasarkan kepada Akta 304.
Various units of radiation, absorbed and exposure dose, critical organs, maximum
permissible concentration is discussed in this course. The effects of radiation on human
being, the basic and principles of radiation protection and Laws and legislations regarding
radiation and radioactive materials will follow the discussion. Organization and Radiation
Protection Programme, classification of workplace, personnel and area monitoring,
contamination control and radioactive waste management, transport index and radiation
protection program during emergency will also been discussed according to the requirement
of the Malaysian ACT 304.
AELB. 2004. Guide notes for radiation protection officer. National Committee for the
Certification of RPO. Ismail Bahari & Mohd Yusof Mohd Ali (eds), Kuala Lumpur.
Mc Graw Hill.
Ahmad Termizi Ramli. 1988. Keradioaktifan dan Sinaran: Bahaya, Keselamatan dan
Perlindungan Pekerja, K. Lumpur. DBP.
Pryma, D.A. 2014. Nuclear Medicine: Practical Physics, Artifacts and Pitfalls. Oxford
University Press.
Johnson, T.E. and Birky, B.K. 2011. Health Physics and Radiological Health. Lippincort
Williams & Wilkins. Cember, H. 2012. Introduction to Health Physics (6th. Eds), Singapore.
Maxwell Macmillan.
HPK1 Memahami punca, unit dan kuantiti yang terlibat di dalam peniraan perlindungan
sinaran dan mengira/menentukan dos dedahan, terserap, setara dan berkesan.
Being able to understand the sources, units and quantities involve in radiation safety
and calculate/determine the exposure, absorb equivalent, effective doses.
HPK2 Memahami prinsip asas perlindungan sinaran, peraturan dan undang-undang
berkaitan perlindungan sinaran.
Being able to understand the basic principles of radiation protection, laws and
regulations related to radiation protection.

HPK3 Memahami tugas Pegawai Perlindungan Sinaran didalam perlidungan sinaran
pekerja, awam dan persekitaran.
Understand the duties of RPO in establishing radiation protection to worker, public
and environment.
HPK4 Memahami pengurusan selamat pemantauan sinaran, pengangkutan, kecemasan,
perlupusan sisa radioaktif dan isu-isu berkaitan.
Understand the safety aspects of radiation monitoring, transportation, emergency,
waste disposal of radioactive materials and related issues.
STSN3022 Kimia Industri Nuklear/ Chemistry for Nuclear Industry
Antara perkara yang dibincang adalah ekstraksi uranium, torium dan zirconium dari mineral
asal; sifat fizik dan kimia uranium, torium, plutonium, hafnium dan hasil belahan dalam
bahanapi nuklear. Pelajar akan turut diberi pendedahan terhadap punca radionuklid,
penghasilan radionuklid, kitar bahan api nuklear dan analisis kitar hayat.
Topics discussed include extraction of uranium, thorium and zirconium from their minerals,
the chemical and physical properties of uranium, thorium, plutonium, zirconium, hafnium
and fission products in nuclear fuel. To broaden the scope of the course, students are
introduced to the radionuclide sources, production of radionuclide, nuclear fuel cycle and
life cycle analysis.
Pra-Keperluan/ Prerequisite: Tiada/None
Choppin, G.R., Liljenzin, J.O. & Rydberg, J. 2002. Radiochemistry and nuclear chemistry.
Woburn: Butterworth‐Heinemann.
Fenton, S. 2014. Radioactive Waste: Sources, Management and Health Risks. Nova Science
Pub. Inc.
Sarmani, S. 1991. Radiokimia. KL DBP.
Hoffeiner, W. 2012. Materials for Nuclear Plants. Springer.
Benedict, M., Pigford, T.H. & Levi, H.W. 1981. Nuclear chemical engineering. NY:
McGraw‐Hill
HPK1 Kebolehan untuk menjelaskan kegunaan bahan kimia dalam reaktor.
Ability to explain the use of chemical materials in reactor.
HPK2 Kebolehan untuk menjelaskan uranium, torium, zirkonium dan hafnium dari segi
sifat kimia dan fizik.
Ability to explain the chemical and physical properties of uranium, thorium, zirconiu
and hafnium.
HPK3 Kebolehan untuk menerangkan pemprosesan semula bahanapi nuklear.
Ability to explain the nuclear fuel recycle process.
HPL4 Kebolehan untuk menghubungkan pengetahuan LCA dalam isu persekitaran.
Ability to relate the knowledge of life cycle assessment into the environmental issues.
STSN3032 Makmal Instrumentasi Nuklear/ Nuclear Instrumentation Laboratory
Amali yang dilakukan melibatkan: Elektronik dasar untuk pembilang pengesan nuklear yang
merangkumi berbagai jenis flip‐flop, spektrometer hablur NaI(Tl) termasuk mengenali

sumber yang tak diketahui serta sistem pengesan sinaran nuclear yang merangkumi
pendenyut, pra‐penguat, penguat dan penganalisis saluran tunggal.
Practical class involving; Basic electronic in nuclear detection including flip‐flop and
NaI(Tl) spectrometer, determination of unknown sources, multi channel analyzer, amplifier
and pre‐amplifier and single channel analyzer.
Yastrebenetsky, M. and Kharchenko, V. 2014. Nuclear Power Plant Instrumentation and
Control Systems for Safety and Security. IGI Publication.
Leo, W.R. 1994. Technique for Nuclear and Particle Physics Experiments, Berlin: Springer.
Kelinknecht, K.1998.Detectors for Particle Radiation, Cambridge, Cambridge University
Press.
IAEA. 1989. IAEA TECDOC‐530, Nuclear Electronics Lab. Vienna: IAEA Publication.
Knoll, G.F. 2010.Radiation Detection and Measurement.New York: John Wiley & Sons.
HPK1 Memahami aspek amali teori fizik nuklear.
Understand the electronic of nuclear detection.
HPK2 Memahami instrumentasi dan elektronik pengesan nuklear.
Understand the practical aspect of theoretical nuclear physics.
HPK3 Memahami aspek amali penyelidikan yang dijalankan dan radioaktiviti sekitaran.
Understand the usage of gamma spectrometer.
HPK4 Memahami kegunaan spektroskopi gamma dalam penyelidikan.
Understand the practical aspect of conducting research in environmental
radioactivity.
STSN3042 Teknik Nuklear dalam Perubatan/ Nuclear Techniques in Medicine
Kursus Teknik Nuklear Dalam Perubatan ini ditawarkan kepada pelajar sains nuklear
bermatlamat untuk meningkatkan kefahaman konsep asas teknik nuklear yang digunapakai
dalam bidang perubatan. Penggunaan sinaran mengion untuk tujuan diagnostik dan terapi
serta penggunaan sinaran tak mengion (seperti ultrasound dan MRI) akan dapat
mengukuhkan lagi kefahaman pelajar. Kursus ini juga akan menjelaskan konsep asas
anatomi dan fisiologi yang berkaitan dengan perubatan. yang penggunaan teori dan
latarbelakang asas berserta aplikasi praktikal penggunaan sinaran dalam bidang perubatan.
Kursus ini akan memberikan pemahaman kepada pelajar tentang teori, modus operasi dan
aspek praktikal pengimejan fungsi anatomi atau fisiologi tubuh menggunakan teknik
sinaran.
Nuclear Technique in Medicine is a course offered to nuclear science final year student. It
is intended for further understanding of nuclear fundamental concept which is being applied
in medical field. Practical approach of utilizing ionizing radiation in both diagnostic and
therapeutic field and application of non‐ ionizing radiation (i.e. ultrasound and MRI) is
hoped to widen student perception of the use of nuclear knowledge they have learnt so far
are applied in medical field. The course will also take the advantage of some basic anatomy
and physiology related to medical physics.

Carlton, R. and Adler, A. 2001. Principles of Radiographic Imaging, Delmar, NY.
Webb, S. (Ed). 1998. The Physics of Medical Imaging, Hilger, London.
Carlton, R. and Greathouse, J.S. 2014. Principles of Radiographic Positioning and
Procedure Pocket Guide. Cengage Learning.
Delchar, T.A. 1997. Physics in Medical Diagnosis, Chapman and Hal London.
Maisey, Britton and Gilday (Eds). 1999. Clinical Nuclear Medicine, Chapman and Hall,
London
HPK1 Mengetahui jenis punca sinaran yang digunakan dalam pengimejan klinikal.
Being able to determine radiation source which is applied in clinical imaging.
HPK2 Memahami interaksi sinaran di dalam pengesanan bahan dan kepada pesakit.
Establish knowledge of physics that is underlying interactions of radiation in
detecting material and recipients.
HPK3 Memahami peranan pengesan rutin yang digunakan dalam pengimejan gamma dan
sinar‐x.
Profound knowledge in detectors of gamma and x‐ray imaging system.
HPK4 Memahami kelebihan dan kekurangan pelbagai teknik yang digunakan dalam
perubatan nuklear.
Comparison of various technique in nuclear medicine.
STSN3052 Fizik Tenaga Tinggi/ High Energy Physics
Kursus ini membincangkan sifat zarah bercas daripada pemecut zarah untuk mengkaji
tindakbalas fizik tenaga tinggi. Jenis zarah dan pengkelasan (baryon dan fermion), nombor
kuantum, kepelbagaian simetri (parity, konjugasi cas, Parity‐G, songsangan masa) dan
keinvarianan adalah di berdasarkan kepada 4 jenis daya asas: electromagnet, lemah, kuat
dan gravity. Aplikasi teori Medan Kuantum dan kaedah teoretik‐ kumpulan untuk
memahami 4 jenis daya itu (kauntum elektro dinamik lwn. Kuantum kromodinamik). Pariti
dan pencabulan CP. Osilasi neutrino. 3 famililepton‐quark: model SU(2) x SU(3) Gell‐
Mann,rajah garisquark, matriks Kobayashi‐Maskawa, model Begdan lakaran Dalitz. Model
Lazim dan skema Kesatuan Gedang. Melampaui model Lazim: super simetri dan teori
supertali. Graviti Kuantum Lingkaran dan dimensi banyak. Kosmologi kuantum daripada
Dentuman Besar ke Keremukan Besar.
This course will discuss the properties of charged particle beams from accelerators to study
high energy physics interactions. The types of particles and their classifications (baryons
and fermions), their quantum numbers, symmetries (parity, charge conjugation, G parity,
time reversal) and invariance followed based on the 4 type of fundamental forces:
electromagnet, weak, strong and gravity. Application of Quantum field theory and group
theoretic methods to understand the four forces (quantum electro dynamic vs quantum
chromo dynamics). Parity and CP violations. Neutrino oscillations. The 3 families of lepton‐
quarks: Gell‐Mann SU (2) x SU(3) model ,quarksline diagrams, Kobayashi Maskawa matrix
quark Bag model and Dalitz plot. The Standard Model and Grand Unification schemes.
Beyond the Standard Model i.e supersymmetry and String theories. Loop quantum gravity
and extradimensions. Quantum cosmology of the universe from Big Bang to Big Crunch.

Perkins, D.H. 2000. Introduction to High Energy Physics (4th Edition), Cambridge:
Cambridge Univ. Press.
Okun, L.B. 1985. Particle Physics‐The Quest for the substance of the substance, London:
Harwood Academic Pub.
Henley, E.M. and Ellis, S.D. 2013. 100 Years Subatomic Physics. World Scientific.
Publishing Co.
Hagedorn, R. and Jackson, J.D. 2012. Relativistic Mechanics: A Guide to the Kinematics
Problems of High Energy Physics. Literary Licensing.
Ta Pei Cheng and Ling Fong Li. 1988. Gauge Theory of Elementary Particle Physics,
Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press.
HPK1 Mengetahui dan memahami zarah‐zarah asas yang menjadi jisim alam semesta,
empat jenis daya asas yang wujud di alam semulajadi dan jenis interaksi yang wujud
di alam semesta berdasarkan Teori Medan Kuantum.
Being able to know and comprehend with the basic particles that made up matter in
thuniverse, the four fundamental forces of nature and the mechanism of all
interactions occurring in nature based on Quantum Field Theory.
HPK2 Mengetahui dan memahami semua jenis simetri dan keinvarianan yang diikuti oleh
empat daya asas dan zarah‐zarah yang ada di alam semesta.
Being able to know and comprehend with the symmetries and invariances obeyed by
the fundamental forces and particles existing in the Universe.
HPK3 Mengetahui dan memahami jirim‐jirim yang menjadi asas kewujudan Alam Semesta
dan sejarahnya dari Deguman Besar sehingga Nyah Besar.
Being able to know and comprehend with the building block of the Universe and its
history from Big Bang to Big Crunch.
HPK4 Mengetahui dan memahami peranan Mekanik Kuantum, teori kumpulan dan kaedah
matematik lain untuk mengkuantifikasikan interaksi pada tenaga tinggi.
Being able to know and comprehend with the role of quantum mechanics, group
theory and other mathematical tools applied to quantify interactions at high energy.
STSN3062 Keselamatan Industri/ Industrial Safety
Kursus ini di gubal khusus untuk meningkatkan kesedaran pelajar terhadap pelbagai aspek
keselamatan pekerjaan dalam industri dan kaedah memperbaikinya. Kursus ini memberi
pendedahan terhadap pelbagai jenis hazard dan risiko yang perlu diurus, prinsip sistem
pengurusan, aspek perundangan yang berkaitan di samping kaedah untuk mengenalpasti
hazard, penilaian risiko serta kawalan. Topik khusus pengurusan hazard, kimia, mekanik,
ergonomik, ruang tertutup, elektrik, biohazard, hingar dan sinar tak mengion akan turut
dibincang dengan mendalam.
This course was designed to increase awareness on several aspects of safety in industry and
ways to improve on it. This course provides exposure on types of hazards and risks found in
industries. This course will discuss the rationale as to why occupational hazards and risks
shall be managed, principles of system management, relevant legal aspect as well as
methods of hazard identification, risk assessment, hazards and risks controls. Special topics
on the management of hazards related to chemical, mechanical, confine space, ergonomics,
noise, electricity, biohazards and non ionising radiation will be discussed.

Abdul Samad Hanif. 1988. Pemasangan dan Penyenggaraan elektrik. Kuala Lumpur:
Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
Goetsch.D.L.2014.Occupational Safety and Health for Technologists, Engineers and
Managers (8th
Edition). John Wi & Sons.
Ismail Bahari. 2005. Pengurusan Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan. 2nd Edition. Kuala
Lumpur: McGraw‐Hill.
Wentz.C.A.1999.Safety, Health, and Environmental Protection. Boston: McGraw‐Hill
International Editions
Undang‐Undang Malaysia 2007.Akta Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan dan
Peraturan‐Peraturan. Kuala Lumpur: MDC Publishers Sdn Bhd.
HPK1 Mengecam keperluan untuk mengurus hazard dan risiko di tempat kerja.
Identify the needs to manage the hazards and risks at the workplace.
HPK2 Mengaplikasi prinsip‐prinsip pengurusan keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerjaan.
Apply occupational health and safety management principals.
HPK3 Menerangkan keperluan perundangan untuk mengurus hazard dan risiko di tempat
kerja.
Explain the regulatory needs to manage the hazards and risks at the workplace.
HPK4 Menggunakan kaedah mengenalpasti hazard, menaksir risiko, kawalan dan semakan
semula.
Use the methods of identifying hazards, risk assessment, control and review.
STSN3092 Fizik Reaktor/ Reaktor Physics
Kursus ini membincangkan tentang serapan, arus neutron, fluks neutron, penghampiran
serapan, persamaan serapan, penyelesaian contoh ruang sumber bebas, Media berganda dan
kritikaliti, persamaan reactor satu kumpulan, sebutan sumber, keadaan kritikaliti untuk
reactor kepingan1‐D, reactor sfera, reaktor bata, reaktor silinder, penentuan saiz kritikal,
jejari minima kritikal, taburan ruang fluks, penjanaan tenaga, Analisa reaktor terma, formula
empat faktor, kitaran neutron, pemantul, penentuan saiz kritikal, kinetik reaktor, kritikaliti
seketika, mekanisma suapbalik reaktiviti, suapbalik positif dan negatif, pekali kuasa dan
suhu.
This course will discuss Diffusion; neutron current, neutron flux, the diffusion
approximation, the diffusion equation, example solution for a source free region.
Multiplying media and criticality: one group reactor equation, the source term, criticality
condition for a 1‐D slab reactor, spherical reactor, brick reactor. The cylindrical reactor:
determination of critical size, minimum critical radius /height, spatial distribution of flux,
energy generation. Thermal reactor: Thermal reactor analysis, the four factor formula,
resonance escape, fast fission, neutron life cycle in a thermal reactor. Reflected reactors:
reflectors, determination of critical size of a reflected sphere, ‘reflector savings’. Reactor
kinetics: doubling times, prompt criticality, reactivity feedback mechanisms, positive and
negative feedback, power and temperature coefficients.
Lamarsh, J. and Barratta, A.J. 2010. Introduction to Nuclear Engineering. 3rded. Englewood
Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Glasstone, S. and Sesonke, S. 2014. Nuclear Reactor Engineering: Reactor Basic Designs /
Reactor Systems Engineering.Springr.
Hewitt, G., and J. Collier. 2000. Introduction to Nuclear Power. New York, NY
Taylor and Francis. Bernstein, J.2013. Nuclear Iran. New York, NY: Pergamon Press,
Kneif, R. 1985.Nuclear Criticality Safety: Theory and Practice. American Nuclear Society.
HPK1 Memahami konsep asas fizik reaktor.
Able to gain the basic knowledge of physics of nuclear reactors.
HPK2 Memahami bagaimana reaktor berfungsi.
Able to understand the basic physical process of a nuclear reactor.
HPK3 Memahami kinetik reaktor nuklear.
Ability to explain how stability manifest itself in reactor design.
HPK4 Memahami statik reaktor nuklear.
Ability to estimate the lifetimes of a core base on its reactivity
STSN3132 Radioekologi /Radioecology
Radioekologi adalah gabungan tiga disiplin dalam sains nuklear bagi memahami kesan
sinaran dan keradioaktifan ke atas ekosistem. Kursus ini membincangkan aspek fizik, kimia
dan biologi sesuatu radionuklid memasuki ekosistem dan bagaimana ianya mendatangkan
kesan. Perbincangan terbahagi kepada tiga bahagian; punca sinaran dan radionuklid dan
saling tindak, taburan serta kepekatan dalam sistem abiotik di samping kesannya ke atas
sistem. Kursus ini juga turut membincangkan impak beberapa kemalangan nuklear dan
sinaran ke atas ekosistem. Beberapa teknik pengukuran radionuklid dan sinaran sekitaran
turut dibincang.
Radioecology integrates three disciplines in nuclear science to help understands the effects
of radiation and radioactivity on the ecosystem. This course discusses the physical, chemical
and biological aspects of how radionuclides enter the ecosystem and how these aspects
affect the ecosystem. Discussions of the course topics are divided into three sections, i.e.
sources of radiation and radionuclides and their interactions with abiotic system,
distributions and concentrations in biotic system, and the effects of radiation on the
ecosystem. This course will also discuss the impact of some nuclear and radiation related
accidents on the ecosystem. Several techniques of measuring radionuclides concentrations
and radiation levels in the environment will also be discussed.
Kumar, D. and Walther, C. 2014. Radionuclide Contamination and Remediation Through
Plants. Springer
Dahlgaard. H. (Editor). 1994. Nordic Radioecology –The Transfer of Radionuclides through
Nordic Ecosystems to Man. Amsterdam: Elsevier
Freedman, B. 1989. Environmental Ecology: The Impact of Pollution and Other Stresses on
Ecosystem Structure Function. San Diego, Academic Press.
IAEA, 1991. The International Cherno by lProject: Technical Report. Assessment of
Radiological Consequences and Evaluation of Protective Measures. A Report by an
International Advisory Committee. IAEA.
Schultz, V & Hicker, F.W. 1982. Radioecological Techniques. London. Plenum Press.

HPK1 Memahami prinsip ekologi dan radioekologi.
Understand the principles of ecology and radioecology.
HPK2 Meningkatkan kefahaman terhadap kaedah bagi menentukan kepekatan radionuklid
dan impak radiologinya serta kelakuan radionuklid dalam sekitarandan kesannya ke
atas ekosistem.
Improve understanding of methods to determine the activity concentrations of and
their radiological impacts, and behaviors of radionuclides in the environment and
the impact of radiation emitted on the ecosystem.
HPK3 Memberi kefahaman ke atas jalan radionuklid memasuki rantai makanan.
Provide understanding on how radionuclides contamination enters the food chain.
STSN3152 Fizik Nuklear Lanjutan/ Advanced Nuclear Physics
Kursus ini merupakan lanjutan kepada kursus Fizik Nuklear (STSN2142) dan lebih
menekankan teori serakan dan belauan daripada sesuatu keupayaan nukleus dengan
mengambilkira keabadian tenaga dan momentum. Fizik neutron dan tindakbalas yang
berkaitan. Teori keratan rentas berdasarkan kaedah anak gelombang, pembentukan resonans
dan model optik; serakan kenyal dan tak kenyal, penyerapan kuat dan tindak balas yang
melibatkan pertukaran cas, tindakbalas pemindahan dan tindakbalas ricit; proses turutan
danpengujaan pusat dan tindakbalas nukleus pada tenaga tinggi (>400 MeV) turut
dibincangkan.
This course is a continuation of the Nuclear Physics (STSN2142) course given previously
and emphasise on scattering theory and diffraction of particles from a nuclear potential
taking care of energy and momentum conservations. Neutron physics and related
interactions. Cross section theory using wavelets, formation of resonance and the Optical
Model; elastic and non‐elastic scattering, strong absorption and charge‐exchange
interactions, transfer reaction and compound nucleus formation, nuclear excitations and
high – energy processes beyond 400 MeV will be discussed.
Gibson, W. M. 1980. The Physics of Nuclear Reactions, Oxford: Pergamon Press
Greiner, W. 2014. Nuclear Physics: Present and Futur CRC Press.
Williams, W.S.C. 1991. Nuclear and Particle Physics, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Basdevant, J‐L, Rich, J. and Spiro, M. 2005. Fundamentalsin Nuclear Physics: From
Nuclear Structure to Cosmology, Berlin: Springer.
Arias, J.M. 2007. Advanced Course in Modern Nuclear Physics, Berlin: Springer‐Verlag
HPK1 Memahami asas pelanggaran dan teori serakan untuk kedua‐dua relativistik dan tak
relativistik, elastik dan tak elastik.
Understand the basics of collisions and scattering theory both non‐relativistic and
relativisti, elastic and non‐elastic.
HPK2 Memahami perlakuan serakan mekanik kuantum dari potensi nuklear
Understand the quantum mechanical treatment of scattering from a nuclear
potential
HPK3 Memahami fungsi pengiraan keratan rentas menggunakan teorem optik dan wavelet
Understand the role of cross‐sections calculated using wavelets and optical theorem

HPK4 Memahami simetri dan ketidaktentuan yang diikuti melalui pelanggaran zarah
termasuk lebar separa dan resiprositi.
Understand the symmetries and invariances obeyed by colliding particles including
partial widths and reciprocity.
STSN3182 Pengurusan Keselamatan Sinaran/ Radiation Safety Management
Kursus ini merupakan kursus persediaan Pelajar Program Sains Nuklear untuk menduduki
Peperiksaan profesional sebagai Pegawai Perlindungan Sinaran. Kursus merangkumi
kepentingan pengurusan keselamatan sinaran sebagai suatu sistem. Unsur penting dalam
Sistem Pengurusan Keselamatan sinaran dibincang secara umum dan khusus termasuk
dalam penjualan, NORM/TENORM, Tolok Nuklear, Radiografi Industri dan Penyelidikan
dalam kedua‐dua aspek kendalian normal serta kemalangan. Perbincangan turut juga
meliputi keperluan perundangan Akta Perlesenan Tenaga Atom. Kursus ini diharap dapat
mengukuhkan ilmu pelajar dalam Sistem Pengurusan Keselamatan Sinaran.
This course is offered to students in the Nuclear Science Programme as a preparatory
requirement for them to sit for their professional examination as a Radiation Protection
Officer. This course starts by introducing the importance of managing radiation safety as a
system. Pertinent elements in a Radiation Safety Management System are discussed in
general as well as specific context where radiation sources are used. This include in the
fields of sales, NORM/TENORM, Nuclear Gauges and Industrial Radiography, and
Research. All scenarios, including normal operating conditions, safety interventions and
radiological accidents will be discussed. A discussion on regulatory requirements of the
Atomic Energy Licensing Act and its Regulations will also be discussed in relation to the
Radiation Safety Management System. It is hoped that through this course, students
knowledge in the field of radiation safety management will be strengthened with the
necessary information needed to qualify as a certified Radiation Protection Officer.
AELB 1984. Atomic Energy Licensing Act. 1984 and all Regulations.
AELB 2004, Guide notes for radiation protection officer. National Committee for the
Certification of RPO. Ismail Bahari & Mohd Yusof Mohd Ali (eds), Kuala Lumpur.
Mc Graw Hill.
IAEA, 1996.Safety Series No.120, Radiation Protection and Safety of Radiation Sources,
Vienna, International Atomic Energy Agency.
Ismail B. And Yusof M.A. 2007. Managing Radiation Safety. Guide for Radiation
Protection Officers. Kuala Lumpur. McGraw Hill Education.
Povinec, P.P. and Hirose, K. 2013. Fukushima Accident: Radioactivity Impact on the
Environment. Elsevier.
HPK1 Memahami kaedah sistemik dan sistematik menguruskan hazard sinaran dan
risikonya.
Understand the systematic and systemic method of managing radiation hazards and
risks.
HPK2 Memahami Sistem Pengurusan Keselamatan Sinaran termasuk keperluan
pentingsistem tersebut.

Understand the Radiation Safety Management System including the pertinent
requirements of the System.
HPK3 Memahami aplikasi penetapan keselamatan sinaran didalam bidang yang
menggunakan punca sinaran.
Understand the applications of radiation safety arrangements in various fields
employi radiation sources.
HPK4 Memahami Standard dan Peraturan yang menaungi Pengurusan Keselamatan Sinaran.
Understand the Standards and Regulations governing Radiation Safety
Management.
STSN3313 Undang-undang Nuklear / Nuclear Law
Kursus ini mendedahkan pelajar kepada kepentingan undang-undang dalam mengawal
penggunaan nuklear bagi tujuan pembangunan sesuatu negara serta melindungi manusia
sejagat dan alam sekitar dari impak atau kesan dari penggunaan nuklear tersebut. Tumpuan
akan diberikan kepada undang-undang antarabangsa berkaitan dengan penggunaan nuklear
dari pelbagai sudut termasuk prinsip-prinsip antarabangsa yang digunapakai, aspek
keselamatan barangan nuklear, kesan radiasi, persediaan dan respon dalam situasi
kecemasan, pengurusan sisa kumbahan radioaktif dan isu liabiliti. Seterusnya, para pelajar
akan didedahkan kepada undang-undang domestik yang berkaitan dengan penggunaan
nuklear di Malaysia dan negara-negara Asia yang lain.
This course exposes students to the importance of the law in controlling nuclear use for the
purpose of developing a country and protecting the human and environmental from the
impact of such nuclear use. Emphasis will be given to international law on nuclear use from
various aspects including international principles, nuclear safety aspects, radiation effects,
preparedness and response in emergency situations, radioactive waste management and
liability issues. Next, students will be exposed to domestic laws relating to nuclear use in
Malaysia and other Asian countries.
Jonathan L. Black-Branch. 2016. Nuclear Non-Proliferation in International Law: Legal
Aspects of the Use of Nuclear Energy for Peaceful Purposes. Volume 3. Asser
Press/Springer: London.
M.P. Ram Mohan. 2015. Nuclear Energy and Liability in South Asia: Institutions, Legal
Frameworks and Risk Asessment within SAARC. Springer: London.
Jonathan L. Black-Branch. 2014. Nuclear Non-Proliferation in International Law. Volume
1. Asser Press/ Springer: Oxford.
Helen Cook. 2013. The Law of Nuclear Energy. Sweet & Maxwell: London.
IAEA. 2013. The 1988 Joint Protocol Relating to the Application of the Vienna Convention
and Paris Convention Explanatory Text. IAEA International Law Series No. 5. IAEA:
Geneva.
HPK1 Menjelaskan tentang peraturan dalam perundangan domestik dan antarabangsa
berkaitan tenaga nuklear untuk tujuan keamanan.
Explain the rules in domestic and international law on nuclear energy for security
purposes.

HPK2 Mempamerkan isu liabiliti yang berkaitan dengan aspek 3S (keselamatan, sekuriti
dan kawalselia).
Shows issues of liability related to aspects of 3S (safety, security and safeguard).
HPK3 Menerangkan prinsip dan tanggungjawab negara berkaitan perdagangan barangan
nuklear, senjata nuklear dan sisa nuklear.
Be able to prepare and present a writing report.
STSN3992 Latihan Ilmiah I/ Research Project I
Pelajar dikehendaki melakukan penyelidikan di bawah selian pensyarah
dalambidangyangberkaitan dengan nuklear dan sinaran. Pelajar juga dikehendaki mengikuti
kuliah khas yang berkaitan dengan projek penyelidikan yang akan disampaikan oleh
pensyarah Program Sains Nuklear. Kuliah tersebut merangkumi tajuk‐tajuk berikut: Ulasan
Kepustakaan, Objektif dan Rasional Penyelidikan, Pembentangan Cadangan Penyelidikan,
Peraturan dan Keselamatan Makmal, Rekabentuk Penyelidikan; pengambilan sampel dan
analisis data serta Penulisan Ilmiah Gaya UKM.
Students are required to conduct scientific research under supervision of lecture on any
subject related to nuclear and radiation. Students are also required to attend several lectures
covering certain aspects such as: literature survey, objectives and the rational of the
research project, presentation of research proposal, safety aspect, experimental design,
collecting and analyzing data as well as scientific writings.
Kumar, R. 2014. Research Methodology: A Step‐by‐Step Guide for Beginners. SAGE
Publication.
Casanave, C.P. and Swales, J.M. 2014. Before Dissertation: A Textual Mentor for Doctoral
Students at early Stages of Research Project. University of Michigan.
Hawkins, C. dan Sergi, M. 1985. Research, how to plan, speak and write about it. Berlin:
Springer Verlag.
Reynolds, L. dan Simmonds, D. 1984. Presentation of data in science. Martinus: Nijhoff
Publisher.
UKM. 2006.Panduan Penulisan Tesis Gaya UKM., Pusat Pengajian Siswazah, UKM
HPK1 Berkebolehan mencari maklumat yang lengkap dan terperinci mengenai projek
penyelidikan yang akan dijalankan.
Ability to do a thorough and complete literature search pertaining the research
project which will be carried out.
HPK2 Berkebolehan memilih reka bentuk dan kaedah penyelidikan yang sesuai dengan
masalah yang dihadapi.
Ability to choose the right experimental design and method related to the problem
to be solved.
HPK3 Berkebolehan menganalisis data menggunakan kaedah statistik yang betul.
Ability to analyze data using proper statistical method.
HPK4 Berkebolehan menulis dan membentangkan cadangan penyelidikan dengan
berkesan.
Ability to right and present the research proposal effectively.

STSN4192 Pengenalan Hidraulik Termal/ Introduction to Thermal Hydraulic
Kursus ini bertujuan membekalkan asas mengenai hidraulik termal nuklear. Bahagian
pertama membincangkan asas fenomena pengangkutan jisim, momentum, haba dan tenaga.
Bahagian kedua menumpukan kepada penggunaan konsep tersebut dalam sistem tenaga
termasuk reaktor nuklear dan loji tenaga nuklear.
This course is intended to provide basic understanding of nuclear thermal hydraulics. The
first half of the course will mainly deal with the fundamentals of transport phenomena of
mass, momentum, heat and energy. The latter half of the course will focus on the application
of these concepts in energy systems including nuclear reactors and nuclear power plant.
Incropera, F. P. DeWitt, D. P. Bergman, T. H. & Lavine, A. S. 2007. Fundamentals of Heat
and Mass Transfer. (6th edition). John Wiley & Sons
Singal, R.K. and Singal, M. 2011 Thermal and Hydraulic Machines. IK International
Publishing House.
Todreas, N. E.& Kazimi, M. S. 2011. Nuclear Systems I. Hemisphere Publishing
USNRC. 2014. Characterization of Thermal Hydraulic and Ignition Phenomena in
Prototypic, Full Length Boiling Water Reactor Spent Fuel Pool Assemblies After a
Postulated Complete Loss-of-Coolant Accident. Createspace Independent Publishing.
Tong, L. S., and J. Weisman. 1996. Thermal Analysis of Pressurized Water Reactors. 3rd
ed. La Grange Park, IL: American Nuclear Society.
HPK1 Memahami asas mekanik bendalir sistem penyejukan reaktor.
Understand the basic fluid mechanics of single phase reactor cooling systems.
HPK2 Kebolehan untuk menjelaskan persamaan isu berkaitan hidraulik termal untuk
reaktor.
Ability to cope with issues related to thermal hydraulics of reactor.
HPK3 Kefahaman asas didihan, pemindahan haba serta implikasi kepada rekabentuk
reaktor.
Understand the fundamentals of boiling heat transfer, and its implications for
reactor design.
HPK4 Kebolehan untuk menggunakan alat perkiraan hidraulik termal dalam penentuan
suhu bahan api dan keadaan pendingin semasa reaktor beroperasi atau dalam
kecemasan.
Ability to utilize thermal hydraulic calculation tools to determine the fuel’s
temperature and the state of the coolant in a given operational or accidental
suituation.
STSN4889 Latihan Industri / Industrial Training
Pelajar dikehendaki menjalani latihan industri bagi membolehkan pelajar mendapat
pengalaman profesional dalam berkomunikasi dan kemahiran teknikal khasnya dalam
industri yang menggunakan teknik nuklear dan teknologi sinaran. Setiap pelajar akan diselia
oleh seorang pensyarah dan penyelia di pihak industri. Di akhir latihan, pelajar perlu
menyerahkan laporan bertulis di samping membentangkannya secara lisan.
Students are required to undergo industrial training at any industry or research centre to
acquire professional experience both in communication skill and technical competencies

especially in the fields of nuclear and radiation techniques. Each student is supervised by
both lectures and correspondence in the industry. At the end of the attachment, the students
are required to submit and orally present their reports.
Mattiske, C.A. and Asbury, A. 2014. Training Activities That Work. ID9 Publication.
UKM, 2006. Panduan Penulisan Tesis Gaya UKM., Pusat Pengajian Siswazah, UKM
Springer Verlag.
Reynolds, L. dan Simmonds, D. 1984. Presentation of data in science. Martinus: Nijhoff
Publisher
Valerio, A. and Parton, B. 2014. Entrepreneurship Education and Training Programs
around the world: Dimension for Success. The World Bank.
HPK1 Mendapatkan pengalaman dalam dunia pekerjaan sebenar.
Experiencing the real-working environment.
HPK2 Dapat mempraktikkan kemahiran berkomunikasi dan teknikal dalam dunia
pekerjaan.
Practising the communication and technical skills.
HPK3 Dapat menyediakan dan membentangkan laporan bertulis.
Be able to prepare and present a writing report.
HPK4 Memahami pelbagai penggunaan teknologi sinaran dalam bidang industri di
Malaysia.
Understanding the various application of radiation technology in Malaysia.
STSN4996 Latihan Ilmiah II/ Research Project II
Kursus ini merupakan sambungan kursus STSN3992 Latihan Ilmiah I. Pelajar dikehendaki
menyiapkan projek penyelidikan yang telah dipilih dalam bidang nuklear atau sinaran
dibawah selian pensyarah. Pelajar perlu membentang hasil penyelidikannya dalam bentuk
lisan dan penulisan disertasi berdasarkan format penulisan Gaya UKM.
This course is a continuation of STSN3992 Research Project I. Students are required to
complete the chosen research project in a field related to nuclear or radiation, under
supervision of lecturer. At the end of the course, student is supposed to present their result
orally and submit a dissertation.
Armstrong, L. 2014. Common Core: Conducting Research Project. Mark Twain Media.
Davies, M. B. And Hughes, N. 2014. Doing A Successful Research Project Using
Qualitative or Quantitive Methods. Palgrave Macmillan.
Springer Verlag.
Reynolds, L. dan Simmonds, D. 1984. Presentation of data in science. Martinus Nijhoff
Publisher.
UKM. 2006.Panduan Penulisan Tesis Gaya UKM. Pusat Pengajian Siswazah, UKM

HPK1 Kebolehan untuk mencerap secara berhati‐hati dan membuat pengukuran dengan
tepat.
Ability to observe carefully and measure accurately.
HPK2 Kebolehan menganalisis dan mentafsir data secara lojik.
Ability to analyze and interpret data logically.
HPK3 Kebolehan membuat kesimpulan daripada data yang dikumpul.
Ability to draw a conclusion from the data collected.
HPK4 Berkebolehan menulis dan membentangkan projek penyelidikan dengan berkesan.
Ability to right and present the research project effectively.

PROGRAM KIMIA
CHEMISTRY PROGRAMME
Pengenalan / Introduction
Kimia bermula dengan kajian tentang jirim dan perubahan atau tindak balas yang berlaku
kepada jirim tersebut. Tindak balas pula boleh menghasilkan pelbagai produk yang
mempunyai struktur molekul yang mudah dan rumit. Atom membentuk molekul dan
seterusnya molekul membentuk sebatian, jasad dan bahan sama ada yang hidup atau bukan
hidup. Sifat atom mempengaruhi pembentukan dan sifat sesuatu jirim yang mungkin dalam
bentuk sebatian, mineral dan batuan, sel, DNA, komposit, polimer, pestisid dan sebagainya.
Perkembangan teknologi dan komputer membolehkan struktur sesuatu molekul dan bahan
direkabentuk serta sifat atau tabiatnya disimulasikan. Dengan kata lain, bahan boleh
direkabentuk mengikut kehendak pengguna atau aplikasinya. Oleh yang demikian, bidang
kimia telah merentas sempadan antara bidang kerana hampir semua bidang sains asas seperti
biologi, geologi, pertanian, fizik, sains bahan, pembuatan, kejuruteraan kimia dan
sebagainya memerlukan pengetahuan kimia. Oleh yang demikian peranan ahli kimia dalam
alaf baru lebih dinamik dan diperlukan dalam pelbagai bidang dan kerjaya yang kini
bercorak lebih kepada multidisiplin.
Objektif utama program ini dirangka adalah untuk memberikan ilmu kimia yang
menyeluruh dan terkini supaya dapat digunakan dalam menghadapi cabaran untuk
memenuhi keperluan tenaga kerja negara. Pembelajaran kimia akan menitikberatkan
pengetahuan asas dalam kimia fizik, organik dan tak organik. Aspek kimia gunaan pula
merangkumi kimia analisis, polimer, alam sekitar, farmasi, pemangkinan dan ilmu kimia
semasa. Peringkat 1000 dan 2000 merupakan tahap pembinaan ilmu asas kimia. Pengukuhan
dan penghayatan ilmu kimia akan dapat diterapkan melalui kursus berbentuk aplikasi dan
terkini di peringkat 3000. Pelajar kimia juga didedahkan kepada teknik dan instrumentasi
terkini dalam analisis kimia semasa amali dan latihan ilmiah di mana pelajar akan melakukan
penyelidikan di bawah penyeliaan ahli akademik. Latihan industri juga digalakkan supaya
pelajar dapat menimba pengalaman komunikasi pengurusan dan kemahiran dalam suasana
di tempat kerja. Graduan kimia kini boleh bekerja dalam pelbagai bidang baik di industri
mahu pun di agensi kerajaan.
Chemistry starts with the study of matter and the changes or reactions that occur on that
matter. The reactions can produce a variety of simple as well as complicated products.
Atoms form molecules and eventually molecules form compounds, bodies and materials,
whether living or non-living. The nature of atoms affects the formation and properties of
matter that may be in the form of compounds, minerals and rocks, cells, DNA, composites,
polymers, pesticides and so on. The development of computer and technology allow the
structure of a molecule and materials to be designed and simulated by its nature or
character. In other words, the material can be designed according to the requirements of
the user or applications. The chemistry has been cross-border areas because almost all
areas of basic sciences such as biology, geology, agriculture, physics, materials science,
manufacturing, chemical engineering and require chemistry knowledge. The role of the
chemist in the new millennium is more dynamic and needed in various fields and in more
multidisciplinary careers.

The main objective of this program is to provide a comprehensive chemistry and so
can be used in the latest challenge to meet the manpower needs of the country. Learning
chemistry will emphasize on basic knowledge in physical chemistry, organic and inorganic.
Aspects of applied chemistry also include analytical chemistry, polymers, environmental,
pharmaceuticals, catalysis and current chemistry. The levels of 1000 and 2000 were
designed for the construction of basic knowledge of chemistry. Strengthening and
understanding chemistry will be applied through the course and will be need at the
application level which is 3000. Students are also exposed to the latest techniques and
instrumentation in chemical analysis during the practical and scientific training where
students will conduct research under the supervision of academics. Industrial training is
also encouraged so that students can gain experience and skills in the communication
management in the workplace. Chemistry graduates can be employed in various field in the
industries or even in government agencies.
Objektif Pendidikan Program (OPP)
Programme Educational Objective (PEO)
OPP1 Untuk melahirkan siswazah yang mahir dan mempunyai pengetahuan sains kimia
yang mantap, menyeluruh dan terkini
To produce graduates who have mastered wide and current knowledge in the
chemical sciences
OPP2 Untuk melahirkan siswazah yang kompeten dalam kemahiran insaniah
To produce graduates with competence in soft skills
OPP3 Untuk melahirkan siswazah yang mempunyai kesedaran terhadap persekitaran
To produce graduates who possess awareness towards the environment
OPP4 Untuk melahirkan siswazah yang berupaya menyumbang kepada pelbagai disiplin
untuk memacu pembangunan negara dan sejagat
To produce graduates who are able to contribute to other disciplines to drive
national and global development
OPP5 Untuk melahirkan siswazah yang berupaya memartabatkan Bahasa Melayu dalam
menyumbang kepada pelbagai disiplin untuk memacu pembangunan negara dan
sejagat
To produce graduates able to use Bahasa Melayu to contribute to national and
global development.
Hasil Pembelajaran Program (HPP)/ Programme Outcome (PO)
HPP1 Menguasai ilmu dan pengetahuan asas kimia yang boleh menyumbang kepada
pelbagai displin
Master the knowledge in basic chemistry that can contibute to the various
disciplines
HPP2 Mempunyai kemahiran praktikal dan teknikal yang mendalam dalam bidang kimia
Have a practical and technical proficiency in Chemistry
HPP3 Mempunyai kemahiran dan tanggungjawab sosial yang tinggi
Have high social skills and responsibilities
HPP4 Menghayati nilai-nilai moral, etika, profesionalisme dan prihatin terhadap
persekitaran.

Appreciate moral values, ethics, and professionalisme and concern about the
environment
HPP5 Berkebolehan berkomunikasi dengan berkesan, mempunyai sifat kepimpinan yang
tinggi dan mampu bekerja dalam kumpulan
Ability to communicate effectively, have high leadership qualities and be able to
work in groups
HPP6 Mempunyai kemahiran menyelesaikan masalah dan kemahiran kemahiran saintifik
untuk merekabentuk dan mengendali eksperimen, menganalisis dan
menginterprestasi data
Has problem solving and scientific skills to plan and manage, analyze and interprete
data from experiments
HPP7 Mempunyai kemahiran mengurus maklumat dan menyedari keperluan pembelajaran
sepanjang hayat
Has the ability to manage information and be aware of lifelong learning needs
HPP8 Mempunyai kemahiran pengurusan dan keusahawanan.
Has management and entrepreneurial skills.

Panduan Prasiswazah ( Sains Nuklear ).pdf

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