4. Qualitative Approach
non-numerical information
o open-ended survey question, dialogue from a focus
group, Brainstormed ideas etc.
Advantages
o contextual information
o respondents are free to answer any way they would
like
Disadvantages
o time consuming
o more expensive
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5. Quantitative Approach
count or quantify all collected data
o annual income, height or weight, ‘hits’ on a website,
correct response in a driving test etc.
Advantages
o extremely efficient method
o less expensive
o less monitoring needed
Disadvantages
o does not include an explanation of ‘why’
o respondents are limited to a set of response options
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6. Mixed Method Approach
incorporates both qualitative and quantitative
elements in such a way that the qualitative and
quantitative information complements each other.
Advantages
o balances efficient data collection and analysis with data
that provides context
o costs are mitigated
o quickly and efficiently captures potentially large amounts
of data
Disadvantages
o challenge of methods complement
o duplicative data collection methods double the cost
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7. Which Approach to Use?
o Consider the alignment of approach with the
goals and objectives of the evaluation.
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8. References
[1] Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed
methods approaches (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
[2] Maxwell, J. A. (2012). Qualitative research design: An
interactive approach (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
[3] Smith, R. A., & Davis, S. F. (2012). The psychologist as
detective: An introduction to conducting research in psychology
(6th ed.). London: Pearson.
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