2. There are many children and young people living in our communities live in
conditions that are “difficult”. Many children live without proper housing,
without clean drinking water or adequate sanitation.
many of them not attend the school.
the stories of abuse and misuse of children are all around us. We read
about them in the paper, watch them on the news, see hundreds of children
being exploited as we go about our every day lives.
3. • There is clear evidence that child abuse is a global
problem. It occurs in a variety of forms and is deeply
rooted in cultural, economic and social practices.
• Before defining “child abuse” its crucial to get
informed about “children’s rights” in the first place.
• According to the National Council for Childhood and
Motherhood (NCCM) in Egypt, Egyptian children are a
national priority.
4. “So long as little children are
allowed to suffer, there is no
true love in this world”
Duncan
5. “The physical or mental injury, sexual abuse or exploitation, negligent treatment,
or maltreatment of a child under the age of 18 by a person who is responsible for the
child’s welfare under circumstances which indicate that the child’s health or welfare is
harmed or threatened.”
Child Welfare Act
6. “Any behavior directed toward a child that
endangers or impairs a child’s physical or
emotional health and development”
7. TYPES OF CHILD ABUSE
• Physical Abuse
• Sexual Abuse
• Emotional Abuse
• Neglect
8. In 1999, the WHO Consultation on Child Abuse Prevention
compared definitions of abuse from 58 countries and
drafted the following definition:
‘‘Child abuse or maltreatment constitutes all forms of
physical and/or emotional ill-treatment, sexual abuse,
neglect or negligent treatment or commercial or other
exploitation, resulting in actual or potential harm to the
child’s health, survival, development or dignity in the context
of a relationship of responsibility, trust or power.’’
9. PHYSICAL ABUSE
Physical abuse is any non-accidental injury to a
child under the age of 18 by a parent or caretaker.
These injuries may include beatings, shaking, burns,
human bites, strangulation, or immersion in scalding
water or others, with resulting bruises and welts,
fractures, scars, burns, internal injuries or any other
injuries.
10. PHYSICAL ABUSE (CONT.)
The term ‘‘battered child syndrome’’ was coined to
characterize the clinical manifestations of serious physical
abuse in young children.
This term is generally applied to children showing repeated
and devastating injury to the skin, skeletal system or nervous
system. It includes children with multiple fractures of different
ages, head trauma and severe visceral trauma, with evidence
of repeated infliction.
Another form is the “The shaken infant”. Shaking is a prevalent
form of abuse seen in very young children (less than 1 year).
Most perpetrators of such abuse are males. Intracranial
haemorrhages, retinal haemorrhages and chip fractures of the
child’s extremities can result from very rapid shaking of an
infant.
11. EMOTIONAL ABUSE
Emotional abuse includes the failure of a caregiver to provide an appropriate
and supportive environment, and includes acts that have an adverse effect on
the emotional health and development of a child.
Such acts include restricting a child’s movements, denigration, ridicule,
threats and intimidation, discrimination, rejection and other nonphysical forms
of hostile treatment.
12. NEGLECT
• Neglect refers to the failure of a parent to provide for
the development of the child – where the parent is in
a position to do so – in one or more of the following
areas: health, education, emotional development,
nutrition, shelter and safe living conditions.
• Neglect is thus distinguished from circumstances of
poverty in that neglect can occur only in cases where
reasonable resources are available to the family or
caregiver.
13. CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE
Definition
Child sexual abuse is the exploitation of a child or
adolescent for the sexual gratification of another
person.
16. ROLE OF FAMILY PHYSICIAN IN
CHILD ABUSE
Protect
Suspect
Inspect
Collect
Respect
17. Protect...
Patient/family and team
safety are paramount.
Protect the life of the
patient as well as as
much evidence as
possible.
18. Suspect...
Does the history fit what you are
seeing- either injury or illness?
Is this a repeat patient or family
member of a repeat patient?
Is there a history of family
violence?
19. Collect...
• Collect as much
evidence as possible,
including…
• Physical and trace
evidence
• Information
22. Recognizing Abuse Injuries...
Skin Injuries
TEARS
Human Bite Marks
Hair Loss
Falls
Head, facial, oral injuries
Shaken baby Syndrome
23. Human Bites
Strongly suggest abuse
Easily overlooked
Location of bite marks on infants differ from sites
on older children
24. Bruises
Generally speaking:
fresh injury is red to blue
1-3 days deep black or purple
3-6 days color changes to green and then brown
6-15 days: green to tan to yellow to faded, then
disappears
The younger the child the quicker the color
resolves.
29. Falls
In most cases, falls cause a minor injury.
If a child is reported to have had a routine fall but
has what appear to be severe injuries, the
inconsistency of the history with the injury
indicates child abuse.
30. Head, Facial, Oral Injuries
Head is a common area of injury.
Approx. 50 % of physical abuse patients have
head or facial injuries.
Injuries to the sides of the face, ears, cheeks,
and temple area are highly suspicious for abuse.
Mouth/lip/teeth injuries
31.
32. RESEARCH OF NATIONAL STUDY ON CHILD
ABUSE
• Tow out of every three children were physically abused.
• out of those children physically abused in family situation, 88.6% were
physically abused by parents .
• 65% of school going children reported facing physical punishment.
• 53.22% children reported having faced one or more forms of sexual abuse .
• 50%of abuse are person known to child or in the position of trust and
responsibility .
• most of children did not report the abuse to anyone .
• every second child reported the facing emotional abuse.
• equal percentage of both girl and boys reported facing emotional abuse.
33. In India there are so many Children who can not going to School and
his/her parents forced to started the working which we called as a Child
laborers. We see in local grocery store, the domestic worker in our
neighborhood, little children begging at traffic lights and railway station
etc. His/her parents can’t understand that it is not a age for working, but
still many of the parents are doing the mistake.
For this there are many case study
Here one true story of RAMESH KUMAR is shared, this is also a child who
were abused.
I THINK THAT…..
34. It never rains but it pours they say. That's exactly what happened for 10 year-old Ramesh Kumar, and for
him the flood of troubles took three long years to recede.
A charming boy with a disarming smile, he was born into a family of bonded labourers who would toil day
and night at a brick kiln in Sitamarhi district of Bihar. He landed up in the 'family business' when he was
just eight years old.
Carrying bricks was too much for Ramesh's little hands, but had no choice, for months until one day in
2013 when an activist of Bachpan Bachao Andolan (BBA) rescued him. The BBA activist brought
thedistraught boy to Bal Ashram – a long stay rehabilitation home for rescued child labourers in Jaipur –
where he was taken care of and his belief in happiness grew.
At the Ashram, it was like all the misery had vanished away; but little did the boy know what fate had in store.
Eight months later after being rescued, Ramesh went home hoping his parents would let him go to school. They
didn't. “My parents beat me up when I insisted on going to school,” he says, cheerful, choosing not to let his
thoughts travel back to the tragic days.
“They told me not to even think of it. I would often cry.”
Ramesh was back to square one - slavery. But eventually the kiln had to shut and the family were free.However,
out of job and in need of money, Ramesh's father forced him to work at a local restaurant for the monthly 600
rupees. There, the little boy cooked food and washed all the utensils for twelve hours a day,but again
only until one decisive day.
That day, Ramesh and his colleagues were thrashed by their 'employer' for a silly mistake. Fed up of the pain
and anguish, he took it upon himself to break the bonds of torture, believing he had had enough.
At night he ran away.He hid behind bushes on the way, and in the dead of the darkness took a journey towards a
new dawn. With the little money he had, Ramesh purchased a train ticket to Jaipur and reached Bal Ashram
once again.There, he was welcomed with open arms again and now, many moths later, the boy is cheerful again.
Ramesh has ever since participated in many functions organised in and outside Bal Ashram. Once, he felt elated
after entering a huge auditorium for some programme. “It was the first time I went to such a place. I had never
even thought there will be something like this,” he said.When I go home, I will tell papa what all I saw. Now he
will believe me and repent why he didn't send me to school.”
Stories of Change
RAMESH KUMAR
