1. The document discusses different methods for converting standard definition 4:3 aspect ratio video to widescreen 16:9 formats for display on widescreen TVs. These include stretching, cropping, pillarboxing, and upconversion methods. 2. It proposes shooting and broadcasting in SD-SDI 16:9 format as an alternative that avoids geometric distortion and information loss. This takes advantage of larger image sensors similar in size to HD while maintaining the same bitrate. 3. The advantages of the SD-SDI 16:9 approach are maintaining image quality and information without cropping or distortion. However, it requires studio equipment and computer graphics to support the 16:9 signal format. Old 4:3

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MOHIEDDIN MORADI
mohieddinmoradi@gmail.com
DREAM
IDEA
PLAN
IMPLEMENTATION

2. SD vs. HD
0

3. 9
16
4
3

4. Conventional
4:3 to 16:9 conversion
Methods by Widescreen TV sets
1

5. Original 4:3 aspect ratio picture
4
3

6. Stretched horizontally
16
9

7. Zoom (EX. Of full width) /Expand and Crop
Red area of the image is lost
Red area of the image is lost

8. Side Panels (side curtains) / Pillarbox / Edge Crop

9. Pillarbox 14:9 / Top-bottom cut
(Crops a little and Pillarboxes a little)
Red area of the image is lost
Red area of the image is lost

10. Pillarbox 13:9 / Top-bottom cut
(Crops a little and Pillarboxes a little)
Red area of the image is lost
Red area of the image is lost

11. Up-conversion (4:3 to 16:9) methods
Disadvantages
- In conversion process some artifacts maybe produce:
• Noise.
• Geometrical distortion
• Picture cropping

12. Why SD-SDI 16:9?
2

13. Camera view finder during shooting process
16
9

14. SD 16:9 to 4:3 conversion in camera
16
9
4
3

15. Camera out put SD-SDI signal
(It can be broadcasted for consumers)
4
3
Picture with Geometrical Distortion

16. Stretching on widescreen TV set
(In consumers home)
16
9
4
3

17. Result on consumers TV

18. SD-SDI 16:9 Advantages
0- No changing in output bit rate( i.e. 270 Mbps)
1- No geometrical distortion.
2- Full image information without cropping.
3- Bigger CCD size ( near HD size ) and consequently higher picture quality
4- Wider picture(more compatible with human eye).
5-Good approach for broadcaster with SD equipments and consumers with
widescreen TV.
6-Good approach for broadcaster with SD equipments that are going to
upgrade into HD in near future.

19. SD-SDI 16:9 Disadvantages
1- Other studio equipments must support SD-SDI 16:9 signal ( specially
monitors, video mixer, CG and NLEs).
2- Consumers with old TV sets(4:3 aspect ratio) will have geometrical
distortion.
4
3
Picture with Geometrical Distortion

20. EX. CG problem
(CG works on 4:3 aspect ratio)

21. EX. CG problem
(CG works on 4:3 aspect ratio)

22. Studio output
TV output

23. Questions??
Discussion!!
Suggestions!!
Criticism!!
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