Presentation given at the Charleston Conference, November 6, 2015

1. Collections are a service
Charleston Conference, 2015
Daniel Dollar
Director of Collection Development
Yale University Library
November 6, 2015

2. Outline
• Environment
• YUL Overview
• Collection Development Policy
• Collections are a service
• Data Stories
• Collection Trends
• Q&A

4. Collections are a service
• Transition from print to digital culture
• Straddling a hybrid world
• Pressures on Yale and Higher Education
• Stack tower to Off-site storage to Ivy Plus
• Shift from institutional to network paradigm
• Data informed decisions
• Who needs what, when, how and why?

5. Collection Development Philosophy
http://web.library.yale.edu/policy/collection-development-statements

6. Data Stories
1. Approvals
2. Borrow Direct
3. Ebrary
4. Print Books
5. E-Resource Usage

7. 1. Approvals

8. Approval Plans – Harrassowitz
11,392
8,189
6,875 7,203
8,044
5,767
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
20,000
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITEMS RECEIVED
14% 14% 11% 10%
5% 4%
86% 86% 89% 90%
95% 96%
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
CIRCULATION FREQUENCY
Circulated Never Circulated

9. 62% 60%
52%
43%
33%
15%
38% 40%
48%
57%
67%
85%
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
CIRCULATION FREQUENCY
Circulated Never Circulated
Approval Plans – Yankee
18,465
15,398
17,603
18,413
17,426
14,949
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
20,000
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
ITEMS RECEIVED

10. Outcomes with Approvals
• Adjustments guided by circulation data
• Support the gradual shift to eBooks
• E-preferred and eBook Packages
• Expanded shelf ready services

11. 2. Borrow Direct

14. 3. Print Books
• Lot of press about how important print still is…

15. 9,718,986
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
400,000
450,000
500,000
0
1,000,000
2,000,000
3,000,000
4,000,000
5,000,000
6,000,000
7,000,000
8,000,000
9,000,000
10,000,000
#Titles(ARL)
Transactions
FY2014FY2013FY2012FY2011FY2010FY2009
7,050,844
FY2008FY2007FY2006FY2005
-7%
YUL: Circulation Activities: FY2005 – FY2014
Scan & Deliver: Yale Collections / Yale Patrons
Circ: Yale Collections & Other Library Patrons
ARL - YUL Title Counts
Circ: Yale Collections / Yale Patrons
Circ: Other Library Collections / Yale Patrons

16. Circulation Trends: Students
214,475
166,324
131,995
70,176
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Circulation
Fiscal Year
Graduate
Undergraduate
Graduate circulation decreased 51%
from 2011 to 2015.
Undergraduate circulation
decreased 47% from 2006 to 2015.

17. 4. Ebrary
Ebrary: Academic Complete
• Ebrary Collection – 100,000+ titles
• Ebrary has been available at Yale since 2003
Ebrary: Religion, Philosophy & Psychology (B)
• Deep dive in a Humanities subject
• Ebrary Collection (LC Range = B) – 11,789 titles
• 42% of titles available in print at Yale (LC Range = B)

18. Ebrary Deep Dive
0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
B - Philosophy, Psychology, Religion
BC - Logic
BD - Speculative Philosophy
BF - Psychology
BH - Aesthetics
BJ - Ethics
BL - Religions, Mythology, Rationalism
BM - Judaism
BP - Islam, Bahaism, Theosophy
BQ - Buddhism
BR - Christianity (General)
BS - The Bible
BT - Doctrinal Theology
BV - Practical Theology
BX - Denominations and Sects
#TITLES
Titles by LC Subject: B – Religion, Philosophy & Psychology
Ebrary & Yale Print Ebrary Only

19. Ebrary Deep Dive: LC Range = B
Print & Ebrary Editions Available at Yale
38%
32%
31%
29%
53%
37%
42%
43%
49%
47%
50%
43%
44%
42%
37%
10%
18%
9%
12%
6%
10%
8%
6%
4%
6%
8%
9%
6%
10%
10%
28%
18%
27%
31%
26%
29%
28%
32%
27%
28%
27%
31%
30%
30%
24%
24%
32%
33%
29%
15%
24%
22%
19%
20%
19%
14%
18%
20%
18%
28%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
B - Philosophy, Psychology, Religion
BC - Logic
BD - Speculative Philosophy
BF - Psychology
BH - Aesthetics
BJ - Ethics
BL - Religions, Mythology, Rationalism
BM - Judaism
BP - Islam, Bahaism, Theosophy
BQ - Buddhism
BR - Christianity (General)
BS - The Bible
BT - Doctrinal Theology
BV - Practical Theology
BX - Denominations and Sects
Ebrary & Print Use Ebrary Use Only Print Use Only No Usage Recorded (Print or Electronic)

20. Ebrary Deep Dive: LC Range = B
Only The Electronic Edition Available at Yale
53%
46%
46%
42%
61%
47%
54%
50%
55%
62%
63%
61%
57%
47%
51%
47%
54%
53%
58%
39%
53%
45%
49%
43%
37%
35%
37%
42%
51%
48%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
B - Philosophy, Psychology, Religion
BC - Logic
BD - Speculative Philosophy
BF - Psychology
BH - Aesthetics
BJ - Ethics
BL - Religions, Mythology, Rationalism
BM - Judaism
BP - Islam, Bahaism, Theosophy
BQ - Buddhism
BR - Christianity (General)
BS - The Bible
BT - Doctrinal Theology
BV - Practical Theology
BX - Denominations and Sects
Borrow Direct Only Electronic & Borrow Direct Electronic Only No Usage Recorded

21. 5. E-Resource Usage
• Print and electronic
• Apples and oranges…

22. Collection Usage: Ejournals, Ebooks, and Print
6,750,073
8,003,172
1,209,952
2,778,909
469,940 381,061
0
1,000,000
2,000,000
3,000,000
4,000,000
5,000,000
6,000,000
7,000,000
8,000,000
9,000,000
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Transactions
Year
Print (Circulation)
Ebooks (COUNTER – BR2)
Ejournals (COUNTER – JR1)

23. Collection Trends

27. Where is this leading
• Inexorable movement toward digital/electronic resources accounting
for most research collection acquisition expenditures
• Distinctiveness will include the depth and breadth of digital collections and
supporting services, such as data management and digital humanities.
• Scanning services and digitization will be key services for accessing legacy
print collections.
• Collective collection development and management as part of
multiple networks (Ivy Plus, HathiTrust, CRL, DPLA and others)

28. Service as a guiding principle
Collection Development Philosophy
The Yale University Library collects, organizes, preserves and provides access to
a rich and unique record of human thought and creativity in a variety of
formats, in support of the teaching, research and public missions of the
university.
...all collection development work is clearly aligned with the strategic goals
and priorities of Yale University.

29. Thank you
• Questions
• Thanks to Sarah Tudesco (Assessment Librarian) and Julie Linden
(Assistant Director of Collection Development)

30. Further readings
• Collection Directions: The Evolution of Library Collections and Collecting. Lorcan Dempsey, Constance
Malpas and Brian Lavoie. portal: Libraries and the Academy, 14 (2014), 393-423
• Access to Everything: Building the Future Academic Library Collections. Michael Levine-Clark. portal:
Libraries and the Academy, 14 (2014), 425-437
• Are First-circulation Patterns for Monographs in the Humanities Different from the Sciences? J.P. Ladwig,
T.D. Miller. Library Collections, Acquisitions, & Technical Services, 37 (2013) 77–84
• The Ghosts in the Stacks: Collection Development Practice Past, Present, and Future in Academic Research
Libraries. Mark Sandler. Rethinking Collection Development and Management, ed. Becky Albitz, Christine
Avery, and Diane Zabel. Libraries Unlimited, 2014.
• Technology: Its Potential Impact on the National Need to Improve Educational Outcomes and Control Costs.
William Bowen. Ithaka S+R (2014)
• BiblioTech: why libraries matter more than ever in the age of Google. John Palfrey. Basic Books, 2015.