2. Disaster Profile of Bihar
Bihar is prone to multi-hazards like:
Floods,
Earthquake,
Drought,
High Winds,
Cold wave as well as
Village fires in summer
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4. Flood facts:
28 districts out of 38 are prone to floods.
• Bihar accounts for 17% of the flood-prone area and
22% of the flood-affected population in India.
Estimate shows that 73% of total land area in the
state is vulnerable to flood and 76% of the North
Bihar is affected by floods.
Recurrent low to moderate flooding every year and
high floods every 3 years.
Bihar faced four major floods in 2001, 2004, 2007
and 2008……..
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6. EQ Facts
Seismic zone V (Highest) - 07 districts
Seismic zone IV (High) - 21 districts
Seismic zone III (Moderate) – rest of the dist.
• 1934 EQ (intensity 8.1)- approx. 25000 people lost
lives (10000 only in Bihar)
• 1988 EQ (intensity 6.8) – close to 375 people died
• 2011 EQ (intensity 6.8)- 9 lives lost in Bihar
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7. Drought
• Southern part of the state (13 dist.) suffer from
drought.
• Bihar faced moderate to severe drought in 2002, 2007,
2008, 2009, 2010.
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8. Children and Emergencies:
• Disaster statistics is not child segregated, a rough
estimate report children account for 30-40
percent of the total casualties in any disaster.
• Children are also the most invisible in most of
disaster preparedness, response, recovery and
rehabilitation processes.
• Factors such as age affect their vulnerability and
ability to cope and survive in a disaster.
• Depend on others for support and most of these
support systems may suddenly collapse or
weaken during disasters.
9. Impact on Children:
• A sense of panic, fear and confusion engulfs the child
when the caregivers either not around or unable to
meet their needs.
• Suffers varying levels of deprivation and psycho-social-
loss of familiar environment , toys etc.
• Vulnerability to exploitation, abuse including trafficking,
child labour and ill health.
• Find it difficult to cope, in the process become
withdrawn and non- communicative.
• Disasters shatter sense of well-being of a child by
destroying normal life routines and deeply hamper
process of their development.
10. • Children are at greater risk of having their rights
violated in times of emergencies.
• In emergency situations the State is often unable or
unwilling to ensure the rights and protection of
children.
11. Impact on Education:
• Education bears the first brunt in almost all
emergencies- education is suspended/
disrupted for unlimited period.
• Schools are closed
• Converted to shelters
• Teachers are engaged in relief operations
• Interruption in education results in students
drop out, negative and permanent socio-
psycho impacts on children.
13. Several legal instruments and policy frameworks
endorse the fundamental right of adults and children to
access education. These are:
• Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC)
• 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights
• DM Act- 2005
• Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
• World Declaration on Education For All (EFA)
• Inter-Agency for Education in Emergencies (INEE)-
Minimum Standards for Education in Emergencies,
• Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act
2009
• Sarva Shikshak Abhiyan (SSA)
14. Disaster Management Act-2005
• Enacted in 2005 by Parliament
• DM authorities at: national, state and district level
• Formation of dedicated force: NDRF & SDRF
• Dedicated training institutions: NIDM
• Funds: NCCF, SDRF
• APPROACH:
1. Paradigm Shift from Response Centric to a Holistic and Integrated
Approach.
2. Backed by – Institutional Framework and Legal Authority.
3. Supported by Financial Mechanism, Creation of new Funds, i.e., Response
Fund and Mitigation Fund at National, State and District levels.
15. Safe Schooling – It Matters
• The Supreme Court of India on 13th April, 2009 directed all the
States and Union Territories to implement the safety measures
prescribed by the National Building Code of India, 2005 in all
government and private schools. While hearing the Public Interest
Litigation (PIL), the Court has issued a comprehensive time-bound
plan to ensure safety of children in schools in the light of the
Kumbakonam fire tragedy in Tamil Nadu in July 2004.
• All the Educational Institutions to have DM Plans in place
• Schools, institutions who need to seek affiliation need to have DM
plans in place
• All new educational institutions need to adhere to building codes.
• Retrofitting of existing buildings
16. Right to Education Act
• Legal Obligation
• Responsibility of the Government
• Safe and Secure Environment
• Learning without Fear
• Age and Grade Appropriate
• Out of School Children
17. Education for All
• The ‘Education For All’ reaffirms the notion of
education as a fundamental human right
• Address the basic learning needs and quality education
in all its aspects
• Aiming for a situation where children can achieve
excellence.
• Quality of education in its core includes concerns for
quality of life in all its dimensions i.e. education,
equality, safety and protection for every child.
18. Quality Education
Encompasses:
• Good teaching: well trained teachers who are paid
adequately, using methods focusing on the learners’ needs;
• Well equipped schools and learning centers: books, other
materials and equipment available to stimulate learners;
• Safe schools: places where all learners, especially girls, are
safe from danger or harassment;
• Enough instruction in the right languages: an adequate
number of hours each week and each year, beginning in the
learners’ own language and introducing other languages
that they need;
Quality education is for everyone, not only a few people or a
few places.
19. United Nation’s Convention on Rights of the Child, 1989
• UNCRC is the first legally binding international
instrument to incorporate full range of human
rights—civil, cultural, economic, political and
social rights.
• Every child has the right to feel safe at home, at
school and in the community
• Every child has the right to live and learn in a
safe, positive and balanced environment
20. No task is as important as creating a safe
learning environment for our future generation
who are harbingers of change.
