nerve injury introduction orthopaedics

1. PERIPHERAL NERVE INJURIES
INTRODUCTION
TEJAS D
ROLL 122

2. MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY

3. GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF NERVE
INJURY
Nerve degeneration
• Any part if neuron detached from its nucleus
degenerates and is destroyed by phagocytosis
this process of degeneration distal to the point
of injury is called secondary or wallerian
degeneration.
• Reaction in proximal end is called primary or
retrograde degeneration.

4. Nerve regeneration
• Axonal sprouting starts from 24 hours after
injury. Initially unmyelinated later myelinated.
• If endoneurium is interrupted then sprouting
axons migrate aimlessly through the epi and
perineural regions forming stump neuroma or
a neuroma in continuity.

5. ETIOLOGY
• Traction
• Laceration
• Fractures
• Birth injuries
• Compression/entrapment
• Metabolic disturbances
• Ischaemia
• Thermal or electrical injuries

6. Seddon’s classification

7. Sunderland’s classification

8. THANK YOU