2. Table of ContentsTable of Contents
1.1. What is Computer Programming?What is Computer Programming?
2.2. Your First C# ProgramYour First C# Program
3.3. What is .NET Framework?What is .NET Framework?
4.4. What is Visual Studio?What is Visual Studio?
5.5. What is MSDN Library?What is MSDN Library?
2
4. Define: Computer ProgrammingDefine: Computer Programming
Computer programmingComputer programming: creating a: creating a
sequence of instructions to enable thesequence of instructions to enable the
computer to do somethingcomputer to do something
Definition by GoogleDefinition by Google
4
5. Programming PhasesProgramming Phases
Define a task/problemDefine a task/problem
Plan your solutionPlan your solution
Find suitable algorithm to solve itFind suitable algorithm to solve it
Find suitable data structures to useFind suitable data structures to use
Write codeWrite code
Fix program error (bugs)Fix program error (bugs)
Make your customer happyMake your customer happy
= Specification= Specification
= Design= Design
= Implementation= Implementation
= Testing & Debugging= Testing & Debugging
= Deployment= Deployment
5
7. First Look at C#First Look at C#
Sample C# program:Sample C# program:
using System;using System;
class HelloCSharpclass HelloCSharp
{{
static void Main()static void Main()
{{
Console.WriteLine("Hello, C#");Console.WriteLine("Hello, C#");
}}
}}
77
8. C# Code – How It Works?C# Code – How It Works?
using System;using System;
class HelloCSharpclass HelloCSharp
{{
static void Main()static void Main()
{{
Console.WriteLine("Hello, C#");Console.WriteLine("Hello, C#");
}}
}}
Include the standardInclude the standard
namespace "namespace "SystemSystem""
Define a class calledDefine a class called
""HelloCSharpHelloCSharp""
DefineDefine thethe Main()Main()
method – themethod – the
program entryprogram entry
pointpoint
Print a text on the console byPrint a text on the console by
calling the methodcalling the method
""WriteLineWriteLine" of the class" of the class
""ConsoleConsole"" 8
9. C# Code Should Be WellC# Code Should Be Well
FormattedFormatted
using System;using System;
class HelloCSharpclass HelloCSharp
{{
static void Main()static void Main()
{{
Console.WriteLine("Hello, C#");Console.WriteLine("Hello, C#");
}}
}}
TheThe {{ symbol shouldsymbol should
be alone on a newbe alone on a new
line.line.
The block after theThe block after the
{{ symbol shouldsymbol should
be indented by abe indented by a
TABTAB..
TheThe }} symbolsymbol
should be under theshould be under the
correspondingcorresponding {{..
Class names should useClass names should use
PascalCasePascalCase and start with aand start with a
CAPITALCAPITAL letter.letter.
9
10. Example of Bad FormattingExample of Bad Formatting
usingusing
SystemSystem
;;
class HelloCSharp {class HelloCSharp {
staticstatic
void Main( ) { Consolevoid Main( ) { Console
. WriteLine ("Hello, C#" ). WriteLine ("Hello, C#" )
;Console.;Console.
WriteLine ( "Hello again"WriteLine ( "Hello again"
) ;}}) ;}}
Such formattingSuch formatting
makes themakes the
source codesource code
unreadable.unreadable.
10
11. What is "C#"?What is "C#"?
Programming languageProgramming language
A syntax that allow to give instructions to theA syntax that allow to give instructions to the
computercomputer
C# features:C# features:
New cutting edge languageNew cutting edge language
Extremely powerfulExtremely powerful
Easy to learnEasy to learn
Easy to read and understandEasy to read and understand
Object-orientedObject-oriented
11
12. What You Need to Program?What You Need to Program?
Knowledge of a programming languageKnowledge of a programming language
C#C#
Task to solveTask to solve
Development environment, compilers, SDKDevelopment environment, compilers, SDK
Visual StudioVisual Studio,, .NET Framework SDK.NET Framework SDK
Set of useful standard classesSet of useful standard classes
Microsoft .NET Framework FCLMicrosoft .NET Framework FCL
Help documentationHelp documentation
MSDN LibraryMSDN Library
12
13. Your First C# ProgramYour First C# Program
Live DemoLive Demo
15. What is .NET Framework?What is .NET Framework?
Environment for execution of .NET programsEnvironment for execution of .NET programs
Powerful library of classesPowerful library of classes
Programming modelProgramming model
Common execution engine for manyCommon execution engine for many
programming languagesprogramming languages
C#C#
Visual Basic .NETVisual Basic .NET
Managed C++Managed C++
... and many others... and many others
15
16. Operating System (OS)Operating System (OS)
Common Language Runtime (CLR)Common Language Runtime (CLR)
Base Class Library (BCL)Base Class Library (BCL)
ADO.NET, LINQ and XML (Data Tier)ADO.NET, LINQ and XML (Data Tier)
WCF and WWF (Communication and Workflow Tier)WCF and WWF (Communication and Workflow Tier)
ASP.NETASP.NET
Web Forms, MVC, AJAXWeb Forms, MVC, AJAX
Mobile Internet ToolkitMobile Internet Toolkit
WindowsWindows
FormsForms
WPFWPF SilverlightSilverlight
C#C# C++C++ VB.NETVB.NET J#J# F#F# JScriptJScript PerlPerl DelphiDelphi ……
Inside .NET FrameworkInside .NET Framework
Building blocks of .NET FrameworkBuilding blocks of .NET Framework
FCLFCL
CLRCLR
16
17. CLR – The Heart of .NETCLR – The Heart of .NET
FrameworkFramework
Common Language Runtime (CLR)Common Language Runtime (CLR)
Managed execution environmentManaged execution environment
Executes .NET applicationsExecutes .NET applications
Controls the execution processControls the execution process
Automatic memory managementAutomatic memory management ((garbagegarbage
collectioncollection))
Programming languages integrationProgramming languages integration
Multiple versions support for assembliesMultiple versions support for assemblies
Integrated type safety and securityIntegrated type safety and security
CLRCLR
17
18. Framework Class LibraryFramework Class Library
Framework Class Library (FCL)Framework Class Library (FCL)
Provides basic functionality to developers:Provides basic functionality to developers:
Console applicationsConsole applications
WPF and Silverlight rich-media applicationsWPF and Silverlight rich-media applications
Windows Forms GUI applicationsWindows Forms GUI applications
Web applications (dynamic Web sites)Web applications (dynamic Web sites)
Web servicesWeb services,, communication and workflowcommunication and workflow
Server & desktop applicationsServer & desktop applications
Applications for mobile devicesApplications for mobile devices
18
20. Visual StudioVisual Studio
Visual Studio – Integrated DevelopmentVisual Studio – Integrated Development
Environment (IDE)Environment (IDE)
Development tool that helps us to:Development tool that helps us to:
Write codeWrite code
Design user interfaceDesign user interface
Compile codeCompile code
Execute / test / debug applicationsExecute / test / debug applications
Browse the helpBrowse the help
Manage project's filesManage project's files
20
21. Benefits of Visual StudioBenefits of Visual Studio
Single tool for:Single tool for:
Writing code in many languages (C#, VB, …)Writing code in many languages (C#, VB, …)
Using different technologies (Web, WPF, …)Using different technologies (Web, WPF, …)
For different platforms (.NET CF, Silverlight, …)For different platforms (.NET CF, Silverlight, …)
Full integration of most development activitiesFull integration of most development activities
(coding, compiling, testing, debugging,(coding, compiling, testing, debugging,
deployment, version control, ...)deployment, version control, ...)
Very easy to use!Very easy to use!
21
24. Creating New Console ApplicationCreating New Console Application
1.1. FileFile NewNew Project ...Project ...
2.2. Choose C# console applicationChoose C# console application
3.3. Choose project directory and nameChoose project directory and name
24
25. Creating New Console Application (2)Creating New Console Application (2)
4.4. Visual Studio creates some source code for youVisual Studio creates some source code for you
NamespaceNamespace
not requirednot required
Class nameClass name
should beshould be
changedchanged
Some importsSome imports
are not requiredare not required
25
26. Compiling Source CodeCompiling Source Code
The process ofThe process of compilingcompiling includes:includes:
Syntactic checksSyntactic checks
Type safety checksType safety checks
Translation of the source code to lower levelTranslation of the source code to lower level
language (MSIL)language (MSIL)
Creating of executable files (assemblies)Creating of executable files (assemblies)
You can start compilation byYou can start compilation by
UsingUsing Build->Build Solution/ProjectBuild->Build Solution/Project
PressingPressing [[F6]F6] oror [Shift+Ctrl+B][Shift+Ctrl+B]
26
27. Running ProgramsRunning Programs
The process ofThe process of runningrunning application includes:application includes:
Compiling (if project not compiled)Compiling (if project not compiled)
Starting the applicationStarting the application
You can run application by:You can run application by:
UsingUsing Debug->StartDebug->Start menumenu
By pressingBy pressing [F5][F5] oror [Ctrl+F5][Ctrl+F5]
* NOTE: Not all types of projects are able to be* NOTE: Not all types of projects are able to be
started!started!
27
28. Debugging The CodeDebugging The Code
The process ofThe process of debuggingdebugging
application includes:application includes:
Spotting an errorSpotting an error
Finding the lines of code thatFinding the lines of code that
cause the errorcause the error
Fixing the codeFixing the code
Testing to check if the error isTesting to check if the error is
gone and no errors are introducedgone and no errors are introduced
Iterative and continuous processIterative and continuous process
28
29. Debugging in Visual StudioDebugging in Visual Studio
Visual Studio has built-in debuggerVisual Studio has built-in debugger
It provides:It provides:
BreakpointsBreakpoints
Ability to trace the code executionAbility to trace the code execution
Ability to inspect variables at runtimeAbility to inspect variables at runtime
29
32. What is MSDN Library?What is MSDN Library?
Complete documentation of all classes andComplete documentation of all classes and
their functionalitytheir functionality
With descriptions of all methods, properties,With descriptions of all methods, properties,
events, etc.events, etc.
With code examplesWith code examples
Related articlesRelated articles
Library of samplesLibrary of samples
Use local copy or the Web version atUse local copy or the Web version at http://http://
msdn.microsoft.com/msdn.microsoft.com/
32
34. How to Use MSDN Library?How to Use MSDN Library?
Offline versionOffline version
Use the table of contentsUse the table of contents
Use the alphabetical indexUse the alphabetical index
Search for phrase or keywordSearch for phrase or keyword
Filter by technologyFilter by technology
Browse your favorite articlesBrowse your favorite articles
Online versionOnline version
Use the built-in searchUse the built-in search
34
37. ExercisesExercises
1.1. Familiarize yourself with:Familiarize yourself with:
Microsoft Visual StudioMicrosoft Visual Studio
Microsoft Developer Network (MSDN) LibraryMicrosoft Developer Network (MSDN) Library
DocumentationDocumentation
Find information aboutFind information about Console.WriteLine()Console.WriteLine() method.method.
1.1. Create, compile and run a “Hello C#” consoleCreate, compile and run a “Hello C#” console
application.application.
2.2. Modify the application to print your name.Modify the application to print your name.
3.3. Write a program to print the numbers 1, 101 andWrite a program to print the numbers 1, 101 and
1001.1001.
37
38. Exercises (2)Exercises (2)
5.5. Install at home:Install at home:
1.1. Microsoft .NET FrameworkMicrosoft .NET Framework
2.2. Microsoft Visual Studio (or Visual C# Express)Microsoft Visual Studio (or Visual C# Express)
3.3. Microsoft Developer Network (MSDN)Microsoft Developer Network (MSDN)
6.6. Create console application that prints your first andCreate console application that prints your first and
last name.last name.
7.7. Create a console application that prints the currentCreate a console application that prints the current
date and time.date and time.
8.8. Create a console application that calculates andCreate a console application that calculates and
prints the square of the number 12345.prints the square of the number 12345.
38
39. Exercises (3)Exercises (3)
9.9. Write a program that prints the first 10 members ofWrite a program that prints the first 10 members of
the sequence: 2, -3, 4, -5, 6, -7, ...the sequence: 2, -3, 4, -5, 6, -7, ...
10.10. Provide a short list with information about the mostProvide a short list with information about the most
popular programming languages. How do they differpopular programming languages. How do they differ
from C#?from C#?
11.11. Describe the difference between C# and .NETDescribe the difference between C# and .NET
Framework.Framework.
12.12. * Write a program to read your age from the console* Write a program to read your age from the console
and print how old you will be after 10 years.and print how old you will be after 10 years.
*NOTE: If you have any difficulties, search in Google.*NOTE: If you have any difficulties, search in Google.
39
