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Hemoglobin and _myoglobin
1. Conformation and function of Globular
Protein with special reference to
Structure and function of Hemoglobin
and Myoglobin. Biological significance
of Protein
Presented By: Bushra Ashraf(7009)
Presented To: Dr. Asim Raza Basra
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2. Contents
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Introduction of Globular protein
Structure and function of Globular Protein
Functions Of hemoglobin And Myoglobin
Comparison Between hemoglobin And
Myoglobin
Cooperativity and Allosteric Regulation in
hemoglobin
Significance of protein
References
3. Introduction of Globular Protein
Globular Protein • Have complex tertiary and sometimes
quaternary structures.
Folded into spherical (globular) shapes. • Usually
soluble as hydrophobic side chains in center of
structure.
Roles in metabolic reactions. • E.g. enzymes,
haemoglobin in blood. Bio-Resource
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5. Hemoglobin
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heme(Blood)-Globin(Protein)
heme is a prosthetic group
Only Fe++ BindsOxygen
α2 β2 Heterotetramer
Transport Protein
Myoglobin
Mo(Muscle)-Globin(Protein)
Storage Protein
Monomer (Single Polypeptide
Chainy)
9. Functions of hemoglobin And Myoglobin
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During this process, the hemoglobin
macromolecule undergoes conformational
changes due to the binding and unbinding of
oxygen and carbon dioxide.And it include :
Oxygen Pickup
Oxygen Delivery
Carbon Dioxide Pickup
Carbon Dioxide Delivery
10. Comparison
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Myoglobin is a storage protein. Hemoglobin is a transport protein.
Myoglobin
Myoglobin is a globular protein.
Water soluble.
Ligand is oxygen.
Myoglobin exist in muscle(tissue).
Hemoglobin
hemoglobin is also a globular protein.
Water soluble.
Ligand is oxygen.
hemoglobin exist in blood.
11. Myoglobin
Bind And Release O2 to muscle
cell.
Monomer (Single polypeptide
Chain)
8 Helices segments
Tertiary Structure
Histidine is present helps to
attach with Fe (Iron)
(Including Muscles)
Oligomeric nature ( More than one
polypeptide chain)
Actually made up of 2 α and 2 β side
chains
Quartnery structure
AlsoAttaches with histidine residues
to impart some kind of buffering
11properties to blood
Take O2
Hemoglobin
From lungs to the tissues
12. Myoglobin
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Higher affinity towards oxygen
because myoglobin needs to grab
the oxygen from hemoglobin.
Can bind to one heme group
(prosthetic group).
Hemoglobin
Comparatively lower
affinity towards oxygen
hemoglobin have two states
R state (Oxyhemoglobin)And T
state (Deoxyhemoglobin)
Can Bind to 4O2 Molecules each
subunit has a heme group.
13. Cooperativity
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Asimple phenomenon in which when one oxygen is bind to one
subunit the affinity for O2 at the other subunit increases.
Allosteric regulation
Simply,binding of one ligand to a subunit willaffect on the affinity
of othersubunits.
15. Conclusion
15SickleCellAnaemia (SCA) is a Genetic Disease of hemoglobin.
Animals Have WidelyVarying O2 Need
hemoglobin and Myoglobin are Related, but Have Different Functions
hemoglobin has Four Subunits and heme group.
Myoglobin has One of Each Bind of O2 by heme’sIron Pulls up on a Histidine and
Change’s hemoglobin Shape Changing hemoglobin Shape Converts hemoglobin from
T-state to R-state
R-state Binds Oxygen Better.
T-state Releases O2 Better
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Protein has a critical physiological
function. Protein is primarily used in
the body to build, maintain, and repair
body tissues.
In the event that protein intake is
greater than that required by the body
for this primary function, excessive
protein is converted to energy for
immediate use or stored in the body as
fat.
Protein energy will be used only after
other energy sources (carbohydrate
and fat) are exhausted or unavailable.
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Proteins transport small molecules
through the organism. Hemoglobin is
the protein that transports oxygen to
the cells and it is called as transport
protein.
Proteins called antibodies help rid
the body of foreign protein and help
prevent infections, illnesses and
diseases.
protein help store other substance in
the organism. For example, iron is
stored in the liver in a complex with
the protein ferritin.
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Proteins help mediate cell
responses, such as the protein
rhodopsin, found in the eye and
involved in the vision process.
Proteins make up a large protein of
muscle fiber and help in the
movement of various parts of our
bodies.
Skin and bone contain collagen, a
fibrous protein