5. Maxillary canine
Called corner stone, Fangs, Or
Cuspid.
Canine carnivore
The longest tooth.
Most stable.
Last to be lost.
6. Maxillary Canine
Notation??
There are 3 numbering or notation systems:
A.Palmer numbering system.
B.International (two digit) system. 13, 23
C.Universal numbering system #6,#11
3 3,
7. Maxillary Canine
Function
Support the maxillary incisors.
Incision (shearing and tearing
of food)
Esthetics (Canine eminence)
Stability of restorations.
“Canine guidance”
8. Canine guidance”
a feature which ensures that the back
teeth don’t contact when the jaw slide to
one side this is important because the back
teeth are good at taking longtuinal forces
but they are not built to take off center
forces
Maxillary Canine
Function
11. Maxillary canine
Chronology
First evidence of calcification: 4 - 5 months
Crown completed: 6 - 7 years
Eruption: 11-13 years
Root completion: 13-15 years
Formed of 4 lobes 3 labial and 1 lingual
12. Maxillary central incisor
Tooth Aspects
In each aspect we need to full fill these requirements:
I. Geometric outline.
II. Outlines “M., D., B., L., I.”.
III. Contact areas or crest of curvatures.
IV.Surface anatomy.
V. Cervical line.
VI.Root.
13. Crown
Geometric out line: trapezoid
The mesial outline: slightly convex
The distal outline: slightly concave
Contact area:
mesially….. At the junction bet incisal
and middle.
distally…….middle middle.
⅓
½
½
2/3
Maxillary canine
Labial Aspects
14. Cervical line: semi circular curved root wise
The incisal outline
cusp
Mesial & Distal slopes.
M< D
Both slopes are slightly concave
cusp tip
The cusp tip is on a line with the
center of the root.
Maxillary canine
Labial Aspects
15. Maxillary central incisor
Labial Aspects
Surface description
Smoothly convex with shallow depressions M&D
Cervical ridge
Buccal ridge: greater development of The
middle labial lobe
The root
Root is cone shaped with blunt apex curved
distally in the apical third.
mesialDistal
16. Maxillary canine
Lingual Aspects
Outlines
All are reversed
Lingual convergence
lingual surface of the tooth narrower
than the labial surface
Surface description
Large cingulum
Marginal ridges
Lingual ridge
2 palatal fossae M&D
mesialDistal Crown
18. Maxillary canine
Mesial Aspects
Geometric out line
Wedge-shaped or triangular
Labial outline
Slightly convex
Crest of curvature
junction between middle and cervical thirds
Lingual outline
Convex
Straight
Convex
Greater labiolingual measurement than any of the
other anterior teeth linguallabial
19. Maxillary canine
Mesial Aspects
Cervical line
Concave root-wise.
Cusp tip
buccal to the line bisecting the tooth.
Surface description
Smooth except for a concavity above the C.A
Root
Cone shaped, tapered, developmental
depression on its surface
labial linguall Crown
20. Maxillary
canine
Distal Aspects
Outlines
Similar in to the mesial surface except
I Cervical line …..less curved
• II. contact area …….more cervical
• III. The concave area is more pronounced.
• IV. Marginal ridge…… heavier and more irregular
• The depression on the root becomes a groove
lingual labial
21. Maxillary canine
Incisal Aspects
Geometric outline
diamond
LL> MD
Lab > Ling
Labial outline is broad, flat
Cusp tip: buccal &mesial
Fossa is seen as a concavity between the two
MR and cingulum.
lingual
labial
23. General out line
Maxillary canine
pulp cavity
Pulp cavity of maxillary canine has
LL> MD measurement of any
anterior tooth.
Longest root and longest root canal.
24.
25. • Pointed incisally represent the cusp, pulp
horn
• Widens near cervical limit and narrowest at
the cusp
Pulp chamber
• Same length from cervical third till apical
zone
• Then taper to single foramen
• Mesial or Distal curvature may be present.
Pulp canal
Maxillary canine
pulp cavity (labial view)
26. Mesial view
• Pointed incisally
• Widens to the mid cingulum level
• Labial margin slightly convex
• Lingual marginbulging in cigulum
Pulp chamber
• LL>MD .taper gradually
• Or at apical third become greatly constricted while the
foramen is still larger than incisor.
• Foramen may be at the center or labial.
Pulp canal
Maxillary canine
pulp cavity
27. Cervical section
• Ovoid and
• wider LL
Maxillary canine
pulp cavity
Mid root section
less ovoid,
sometimes circular
28. 1, crown complete; root partially completed.
2, almost complete, lack of constriction of apical foramen.
3, canine of young individual with large pulp cavity and completed root tip.
4, typical canine of adult, demonstrating constriction of the foramen.
5, elderly individual ,constricted pulp chamber and canal; lost crown form because of wear
during function.
Maxillary canine Labiolingual view
29. 1- It starts lingual to the arch & mesially directed.
2- Change to a more vertical orientation and engage the distal aspect of the
root of the upper lateral
3- Continue Erruption labial to the resorbing deciduous canine
Maxillary canine
Normal eruption pattern…
30. max canine have the longest
and most tortious course from
orbital wall Till reaching
occlusion.
During this course the
maxillary canine is in close
relation to the root of the
upper lateral incisors.
Maxillary canine
Normal eruption pattern.
A fact…
31. 1- A cusp-like tubercle is found on the cingulum & associated with Lingual pits or
sharp pointed cusp tip
2- The root varies in length & deflection.
3-As the maxillary canine normally erupts after the maxillary premolars, its space i
sometimes partially closed.
It may then erupt B or L to the other teeth,
Or not erupt at all (impacted).
Maxillary canine
variations & anomalies
32.
33. Maxillary canine
variations &
anomalies
Why do maxillary canines are frequently
impacted?
• the root of the lateral incisor guides the
eruption of the canine. Hence, any
affection of the lateral incisor will affect
the canine.
Guidance
theory
•Genetic factors are the primary
origin of palataly impacted canine
Genetic
theory
34. Factors related to max lateral incisor
Pegged lateral incisors.
Missing lateral incisors.
Delayed eruption.
Dilacerated root.
ultimately result in impaction or eruption
of the canine in an abnormal position.
Maxillary canine
variations & anomalies
35. Maxillary canine
localized factors of canine impaction
Arch length discrepancy
Cuspids erupt between teeth already in occlusion so
they are competing for space
Failure of primary canine root to resorb
Delayed exfoliation or early loss of primary canine
36. Maxillary canine
localized factors of canine impaction
Ankylosis of permanent canine
Cyst or neoplasm
Factors related to upper lateral incisor
37. The greater distance the tooth must
travel from its point of development
to normal occlusion.
the greater the possibility of
deflection from its normal course and
of its resultant impaction.
Maxillary canine
localized factors of canine impaction
39. sequelae for canine impaction:
1.Migration of the neighboring teeth and loss of
arch length,
2.Dentigerous cyst formation
3.External root resorption of the impacted tooth &
the neighboring teeth.
4.Infection particularly with partial eruption
Maxillary canine
variations & anomalies
40. Migration of the neighboring teeth and loss
of arch length
Maxillary canine
variations & anomalies
45. Radiographic examination
mandatory if there is no
eruption after the critical
age.
11 years appears to be the
critical age.
Maxillary canine
Idea about treatment
options
46. Some treatment Options for Impacted Canine:
Prophylactic space augmentation
Extraction of primary canine (Guided eruption)
Surgical Exposure & Bracket Placement (guided
eruption)
Surgical repositioning
Maxillary canine
Idea about treatment
options
47. Surgical uncovering
canine exposure
Removal of bone
Extraction of primary
canine
bracket placement