2. DISASTER
• A disaster is a natural or man-made hazard that
has come to fruition, resulting in an event of
substantial extent causing significant physical
damage or destruction, loss of life, or drastic
change to the environment
• The root of the word disaster ("bad star" in
Greek) comes from an astrological theme in
which the ancients used to refer to the
destruction or deconstruction of a star as a
disaster.
3. NATURAL DISASTER
• A natural disaster is a consequence when a
natural calamity affects humans and/or the
built environment.
• Various disasters like earthquake, landslides,
volcanic eruptions, flood and cyclones are
natural hazards
4. MAN MADE DISASTER
• Airplane crashes and terrorist attacks are
examples of man-made disasters.
• they cause pollution, kill people, and damage
property.
5. EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
PROCESS
• The process of Emergency Management
involves four phases: mitigation,
preparedness, response, and recovery.
6. Mitigation
• Activities that reduces the effects of disaster
• Mitigation efforts are attempts to prevent
hazards from developing into disasters
altogether or to reduce the effects of
disasters.
• it focuses on long-term measures for reducing
or eliminating risk.
• Mitigation measures can be structural or non-
structural
7. PREPARDNESS
• Activities prior to a disaster.
• Ex. Preparedness plans, emergency exercises &
training, warning systems
• Preparedness is a continuous cycle
of planning, managing, organizing,
training, equipping, exercising,
creating, monitoring,
evaluating and improving
activities to ensure effective coordination
8. RESPONSE
• Activities during disaster
• Public warning systems, emergency
operations, search and rescue
• The response phase includes the mobilization
of the necessary emergency services and first
responders in the disaster area.
9. RECOVERY
• Activities following a disaster
• Ex.. Temporary housing, claims processing and
grants, long term medical care and
counselling
• The aim of the recovery phase is to restore the
affected area to its previous state.
11. INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONAS
– International Association of Emergency Managers
– Red Cross/Red Crescent
– United Nations
– World Bank
– International Recovery Platform
