Leadership analysis ulysses s grant by Brig gen moazzem -final- copy
1. An Education 4.0 Institution
Welcome to the Presentation on Great
Captains
Ulysses S Grant
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2. BACKGROUND: GENERALS WHO BECAME PRESIDENTS
• George Washington General of the Armies of the United States
• Andrew Jackson Major General
• William H. Harrison Major General
• Zachary Taylor Major General
• Franklin Pierce Brigadier General of Volunteers
• Andrew Johnson Brigadier General of Volunteers
• Ulysses S. Grant General of the Army
• Rutherford B. Hayes B/Major General
• James A. Garfield B/ Major General of Volunteers
• Benjamin Harrison Brigadier General of Volunteers
• Chester A. Arthur B/Major General of Volunteers
• Dwight D. Eisenhower General of the Army
Historical question:
What made these
three men stand out
from the rest of the
group?
Introduction
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3. George Washington, Ulysses S. Grant, Dwight D. Eisenhower
Men Who Transformed the Nation Militarily and Politically
GENERALS WHO BECAME PRESIDENTS
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4. An Education 4.0 Institution
Introduction
"It will be a thousand years before Grant's character is fully appreciated. Grant is
the greatest soldier of our time if not all time... he fixes in his mind what is the
true objective and abandons all minor ones. He dismisses all possibility of defeat.
He believes in himself and in victory. If his plans go wrong he is never
disconcerted but promptly devises a new one and is sure to win in the end.
General William T. Sherman
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5. Introduction
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“Grant is not a mighty genius, but he was upright and honest with great force of
character. His unflinching tenacity was an outstanding quality, but it required
judgement to control it lest it become costly bull-headed stubbornness.”
“But he was the best man the war produced.”
General George Meade “Old Baldy” the victor of Gettysburg
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6. Family and early Life
Analysis of the Battles Fought
Military Strategist as General
Statesman and Strategist as President
Generalship: Strategy and Tactics
Lessons for Future Leaders
Sequence
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7. An Education 4.0 Institution
Flash Back: American Civil War
The American civil war from 1861 to 1865, fought between the northern United States (loyal
to the Union) and the southern United States (that had seceded from the Union and formed
the Confederacy
The civil war began primarily as a result of the long-standing controversy over the
enslavement of black people
07 Southern "slave states" seceded from the country, and the Confederate States of America
was organized in rebellion against the U.S. constitutional government
The war effectively ended April 9, 1865, when General Robert E. Lee surrendered to General
Ulysses S. Grant at the Battle of Appomattox Court House
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9. Early Life
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From his father, Ulysses learned republicanism, self-reliance, the virtue of labor,
abolitionism, temperance, nativism, and truthfulness
Showed great interest in horses and became an accomplished horseman.
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In 1839, Grant arrived at West Point. He was seventeen years old, weighed 117
lbs, and was 5’1” tall
Grant graduated from West Point in 1843, 21st in a class of 39. Despite his love
for horses, he was assigned to the infantry
10. Career in the Army
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1846-1848, Grant fights in the Mexican War as a Quartermaster
November 17, 1861, The Battle of Belmont, Grant's first engagement as General
Union forces raid the Confederate camp, but fall back when they counterattack
February 16, 1862, Grant takes Fort Donelson, Tennessee, the first Union victory of
strategic importance in the war. He becomes nationally famous
February, 17th, 1862, Grant receives his two star rank of Major General of Volunteers
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11. Career in the Army
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April 6-7, 1862, The Battle of Shiloh. Grant's iron will and stubbornness resist disaster
and the Union holds the field on the second day
May 12- May 17, 1863, Grant implements his grand strategy in taking Vicksburg by
moving between two wings of the enemy and routing them both. In five days, he
fights and defeats the enemy at Jackson, Champion Hill and Big Black River
July 4, 1863, Surrender of Vicksburg - Grant's tour de force as a General, one of
greatest military campaigns in history
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12. Career in the Army
November 22-25, 1863, The Battle of Chattanooga, which culminates in Union victories
,the Confederates are forced to retreat into Tennessee
May 5-7, 1864, The Battle of the Wilderness. Grant and Lee, finally face each other. The
result was a draw, with Union forces losing two times as many men as Lee
May 31-June 3, 1864, The Battle of Cold Harbor. Huge casualty and loss for union Forces.
This was Grant's searing blunder as a General
April 9, 1865, Lee surrenders to Grant in the McLean House, Appomattox, Virginia. This is
Grant's great hour, showcasing his delicacy and decency 12
13. Career as President
May 21, 1868, Nominated as a candidate for President by the Republican
National Convention in Chicago
March 4, 1869 - March 4, 1877, President of the United States of America for
two terms
July 23, 1885, At 8:06 in the morning, Grant died
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15. On the morning of April 6, Grant’s army was
surprised by an early morning surprise attack
Grant was clearly taken off guard. Most of his army
performed amateurishly. However, Grant calm
composure and refusal to admit to defeat turns a
probably rout into a costly victory
Grant’s subordinates performed superbly—a must
an inexperienced army
Analysis of The Battles Fought : Battle of Shiloh
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16. Grant soldiers also made several series of mistakes during the Shiloh campaign.
Grant prepared no defensive works and his troops were camped helter-skelter
around a small church (Shiloh Meetinghouse). Routine in defence were not followed.
Heavy casualty 24,000 Union soldiers were killed.
Analysis of The Battles Fought : Battle of Shiloh
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17. Analysis of The Battles Fought : Battle of
Vicksburg Grant realized that Vicksburg was one of the most
important strategic positions the South held.
Vicksburg interdicted northern navigation down the
Mississippi River.
vital point and logistic route for South.
The offensive nature of Grant’s plan and his resolute
execution sent the Vicksburg campaign into the
military history books
Vicksburg provided Grant lessons learned on the
operational level of war
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18. Analysis of The Battles Fought : Battle of Vicksburg
Grant’s Vicksburg campaign was a model of persistent long range planning ( urgency)
Grant changed the Union’s military strategy from individual armies and campaigns to a total and
concerted defeat of the Confederacy ( Strategic foresight)
Grant’s plan had a defined strategic goal—the opening of the Mississippi and political attrition
(Strategic vision)
He defeated his adversaries through besieges, swift maneuvers, or bloody attrition( Courage)
In 19 days, Grant’s army marched 180 miles, fought five battles, split the Confederate forces
opposing him in two, clamped Vicksburg under siege, while inflicting 7000 enemy casualties while
incurring only 4000 of his own (Analytical determination) 18
19. At West Point, Grant was never enthusiastic about Napoleon’s concept of decisive battle
(Strategic thinker)
Grant, unlike other Union generals, did not subscribe to the notion that the defeat of
Confederate General Lee and capture of Richmond would cause the collapse of the South
( Game Changer)
He followed Clausewitz strategic theory not Jomini- Integrated political agenda in Military
strategy ( strategic vision)
Generalship: Strategy and Tactics
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20. Grant possessed both the physical and moral courage necessary to overcome
the friction of war. He had ability to make positive decision in the fog and
friction ( Analytical determination)
Grant introduced the concept of minimum logistics (scorched earth)
Grant’s battle philosophy was “fight him, fight him again, and move on.”
Grant was not a theorist, but he clearly understood that the Civil War was
different from all previous wars (creative and visionary)
Grant command style was to outline the grand plan and then let his
subordinates implement the strategy ( excellent communicator)
Generalship: Strategy and Tactics
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Grant was instrumental in the Union’s change in focus from decisive battles in independent
theaters to a coherent decisive strategy ( Strategic thinker)
Grant coordinated and balanced changing political, societal and military imperatives and
reflected those changes in a flexible military strategy achieving political goal ( strategic insight)
Grant developed Clausewitzian perspective of the Civil War, and thus perceived the conflict
differently from his peers (rational wisdom)
He executed maneuver operations, pursued enemy even after temporary defeat. (valiant
commander)
He conducted combined operations with Navy
Military Strategist as
General
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Leadership Qualities
Fought the Maxican war and 30 battles in
American Civil War in different capacities
Leadership Qualities:
Uncommon Valor and Courage
Analytical Determination and Perseverance
Grand Strategy and strategic vision
Good Communicator
Sense of urgency
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23. 15 th Amendment: Grant was first president to actively champion human rights
Enforcement Act: Grant carried on a policy of protecting African Americans in the former
Confederate states although their new found rights were slow to be implemented
The civil right act 1875: The Justice Department was created specifically to enforce federal
laws in the South.
Ended KKK: Grant ordered the department to arrest Ku Klux Klan members who deprived
African Americans of their constitutional rights
Reforms: Grant was not reluctant to send federal troops into the south to enforce
Reconstruction laws
Statesman and Strategist as President
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24. Treaty of Washington: Grant successful resolved the “Alabama" dispute with Great Britain.
(Diplomacy, Crisis management)
Diplomatic Move: The Grant administration also successfully averted a war with Spain
over the “Virginius” affair (Diplomacy, Crisis management Strategic Insight, wisdom)
Free trade agreement : Grant also improved strategic and economic ties with the
sovereign state of Hawaii(diplomacy, vision,)
Grant took steps to return the nation's currency to a more secure footing( Visionary)
Grant’s second term was plagued by scandals within his administration
Statesman and Strategist as President
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Statesman and Strategic Leadership Qualities
Leadership Qualities:
1. Strategic thinker
2. Excellent communicator
3. Determined Persuader
4. Game Changer
5. Strength of Conviction
6. Valiant Commander
7. Creative and visionary
8. Diplomacy
9. Peace seekers
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Lessons for Future Leaders
Strategic Insight
Decisiveness and persuasion
Crisis management capability
Rational Wisdom
Sense of urgency
Creative and visionary
Excellent Communication and Diplomacy
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28. End of a Great Leader of All Times
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Grant himself proved to be the difference, and thus decisive to the Union victory in
the American Civil War in 1865
Grant died of cancer on 23 july, 1885, Grant completed a two volume edition of his
memoirs
Grant finished the memoirs three days before he died, despite a weakened
condition and great pain.
The memoirs are considered one of the finest works of military history.
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