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Reasoning
- 1. P.L.SUBRAHMANAYM (9642733211) 360O TABLE – I DIRECTION RIGHT SIDE LEFT SIDE EAST SOUTH NORTH SOUTH WEST EAST WEST NORTH SOUTH NORTH EAST WEST TABLE – II (DIRECTIONS) OPPOSITE SIDES (-) SAMES SIDES (+) EAST WEST EAST EAST NORTH SOUTH NORTH NORTH NORTH EAST SOUTH WEST WEST WEST NORTH WEST SOUTH WEST SOUTH SOUTH TABLE – IV (SHADOW) FACING MORNING EVENING EAST BACK FRONT WEST FRONT BACK NORTH LEFT RIGHT SOUTH RIGHT LEFT TABLE - III PARTS DEGREES 1 45O 2 90O 3 135O 4 180O 5 225O 6 270O 7 315O 8 360O 270O 315O 45O 90O 225O 135O 180O NORTH EAST WEST SOUTH NORTH EAST SOUTH EAST NORTH WEST SOUTH WEST DIRECTIONS
- 2. P.L.SUBRAHMANAYM (9642733211) There are 4 main models of questions in Direction Sense Test: Model 1: Mr.Ram started from his house and walked straight to the East for 5 Km then turned left walked for 4 Km and again turned left then walked for 5 Km. How much distance Mr.Ram travelled from starting point. Answer with Explanation: From third position it is clear he is 4 Km from his house and is in North direction. Model 2: Mukesh starting from his house goes 4 Km in the East, and then he turns to his right and goes 3 Km. What minimum distance will be covered by him to come back to his house? Answer with Explanation: Model 3: One morning after sunrise Jhon while going to school met Roja at road crossing. Roja’s shadow was exactly to the right of Jhon. If they were face to face, which direction was Jhon facing? Answer with Explanation: In the morning sunrises in the East. So in morning the shadow falls towards theWwest. Now Roja’s shadow falls to the right of the Jhon. Hence Jhon is facing South.
- 3. P.L.SUBRAHMANAYM (9642733211) Model 4: Hema starting from her house walked 5 Km to reach the Crossing of Palace. In which direction she was going, a road opposite to this direction goest to hospital. The road to the right goes to station. It the road which goes to station is just opposite to the road which IT-Park, then in which direction to Priya is the road which goes to IT-Park? Answer with Explanation: From II it is clear that the road which goes to IT-Park is left to Hema.
- 4. P.L.SUBRAHMANAYM (9642733211) Drawing of conclusion/inference. Premise : All pens are guns Qualifier Subject Copula Predicate The Subject Term The subject is the “main” in a proposition. It is the main argument of the whole proposition, the actor in the sentence. The subject can be thought of as the “What we are talking about”. The Predicate Term The predicate tells us something about the subject. The predicate can be thought as the “What we are talking about of the subject”. The Quantifier/Qualifier Term The extend or number of the subjects. Ex: All, Some, No, Some note, etc… The Copula Term Words or set of words that connects subject and predicate. QUALIFIERS EXAMPLES UNIVERSAL PARTICULAR +VE -VE DISTRIBUTION OF SUBJECT AND PREDICATE SUBJECT PREDICATE ALL All X’s are Y’s + - SOME Some X’s are Y’s + - NO No X is Y - + SOME NOT Some X are not Y - + Immediate Conclusion : Mediate SYLLOGISMS
- 5. P.L.SUBRAHMANAYM (9642733211) IMMEDIATE CONCLUSIONS: PREMISES CONCLUSIONS VEN DIAGRAMS All Pens are Guns 1. Some Pens are Guns 2. Some Guns are Pens G P = G Some Pens are Guns 1. Some Guns are Pens G No Pen is Gun 1. No Gun is Pen 2. Some Pens are not Guns 3. Some Guns are not Pens P G Some Pens are not Guns No Conclusion P P P G
- 6. P.L.SUBRAHMANAYM (9642733211) MEDIATE CONCLUSIONS: Rules (For 2 statements) Two statements consist of only 3 terms, otherwise no conclusion. Middle term must be distributer atleast once. Ex: All pens are guns All guns are toys Two negative statements have no conclusion. Two particular statements have no conclusion. If a statement is negative then the conclusion should be negative. If a statement is particular then the conclusion should be particular. Complementary pairs If two conclusions are individually wrong, and consisting of same subject and same predicate then qualifiers are: All No All Some Not Some No Some Some Not Then it follows the options of either or. QUICK LEARNING ALL (A) NO (E) SOME (I) SOME NOT (O) A + A = A A + E = E E + A = O* E + I = O* I + A = I I + E = O
- 7. P.L.SUBRAHMANAYM (9642733211) Husband of Mother Father Wife of Father Mother Father or Mother’s Son Brother Father or Mother’s Daughter Sister Father or Mother’s Brother Uncle Father or Mother’s Sister Aunt Father or Mother’s Father Grandfather Father of Father or Mother Grandfather Father of Grandfather or Grandmother Great Grandfather Mother of Father or Mother Grandmother Father or Mother’s Mother Grandmother Mother of Grandfather or Grandmother Great Grandmother Husband’s or Wife’s Sister Sister-in-law Son’s Wife Daughter-in-law Brother’s or Sister’s Son Nephew Brother’s Daughter Niece Aunt’s or Uncle’s Son or Daughter Cousin Sister’s Husband Brother-in-Law Brother’s Wife Sister-in-law Grandfather’s or Grandmother’s Son Father or Uncle Uncle’s Wife Aunt Daughter’s Husband Son-in-Law POINTS TO REMEMBET: Step 1: Questions may be asked in Deduction Method or Pictorial Method. Step 2: Try to draw diagram, for given relationships which help you to understand clear relationship. Step 3: Identify the relationships, but nor with names because there are certain names common for both genders. BLOOD RELATIONS