The document discusses three open textbook models that aim to reduce the high costs of textbooks for students: 1. A site license model where a university purchases access to digital textbooks for a set price per student per course, saving students hundreds per year. 2. An institutional resource model where the university negotiates textbook licenses and facilitates access for faculty and students, similar to the site license model. 3. An openly available library resources model where the library purchases licenses and manages access and distribution of textbooks to further reduce costs by eliminating bookstore markups.

1. Open Textbook Models
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2. Textbooks are simply too expensive.
Fair compensation for high-caliber authors
Editorial rigor
Ease of purchase
Market tactics - pricing, version changes
“Benefits” that don’t benefit students
Publisher control of access and content

3. • Create quality content with thorough editorial review
• Provide free, open access digital textbooks (Digital
first)
• Provide low-cost options for printing and other
formats
• Allow faculty members full latitude to customize -
edit to word level, supplement with documents or
media
Can we further reduce sales and marketing costs
AND fully eliminate obstacles to content access?

4. Model 1: Site License Model
(Virginia State University)
Faculty retain academic freedom, but Dean created an
incentive to make quality content affordable and accessible
• Purchase site license at $19.95/student/course for core
business curriculum - eight courses
• Pre-paid license for Web, PDF, audio, and e-reader versions
• Black and white print version can be purchased for $35
• Students will save $900 per year on texts in these courses
• Bookstore is not a part of the purchase process

5. Model 2: Institutional Resource
for Faculty
Faculty control decision and access, with institution
easing the process
• Institution negotiates the terms of the content license
and communicates benefits to faculty
• Terms are very similar to previous model
• The faculty communicates selection to bookstore
• The bookstore is the vehicle to purchase and distribute
• Additional cost is added to the process to support
bookstore fulfillment (approximately 25%)

6. Model 3: Openly Available Library
Resources
Library acts as purchasing and distribution agent
• Library negotiates the terms of the content license
• Library manages communication with faculty and
students about the content resources and access options
• Terms are very similar to previous models
• Bookstore costs and profits are eliminated

7. The Bookstore
• Order and sell print books with standard business terms
• Purchase print rights for an additional $10 and print
locally
• Sell codes in the bookstore with access to the licensed
digital content (generally 25% mark-up)
• Purchase a license for all digital rights plus print a book
for $40