3. Exercise and fitness
Effects of exercise on different systems
• The Musculoskeletal System
• The Cardiovascular System
• The Respiratory System
• The Nervous System
• The Immune System
• The Endocrine System
• The Digestive System
4. • The skeleton creates a supporting
framework and protects the
body's vital organs.
• The bones also act as a reservoir
for calcium and other minerals.
Weight-bearing exercise
strengthens your bones and helps
prevent osteoporosis.
• Bone width and density increases
• Exercise also increases muscle
strength, coordination, and
balance.
• Muscles, tendons, and ligaments
around the joints get stronger
The Musculoskeletal Systems
5. • Joints become more stable
• Muscular endurance improves
• Important for maintaining upright
posture against gravity and enabling
movement.
• They also produce heat.
• Movement of the joints lubricates
them with synovial fluid, reducing
stiffness.
• Stretching exercises can facilitate
mobility and flexibility of the joints,
increasing your range of motion.
The Musculoskeletal Systems
6. • At the center of the cardiovascular
system is your heart.
• Along with the blood vessels, it forms a
network for carrying blood containing
oxygen and nutrients to the body, and
removing waste (carbon dioxide).
• Physical training strengthens your heart
and normalizes blood pressure, lowering
your risk of heart disease.
The Cardiovascular Systems
7. Five important functions during exercise:
• Delivers oxygen to working muscles
• Deoxygenates blood by returning it to
the lungs
• Transports heat from the center to the
skin
• Delivers nutrients and fuel to active
tissues
• Transports hormones
The Cardiovascular Systems
8. Response of the CVS to Exercise:
• Heart rate
• Stroke volume
• Cardiac output
• Blood flow
• Blood pressure
• Blood
The Cardiovascular Systems
9. • The respiratory system is the network of
organs and tissues that help you breathe.
• It includes your airways, lungs and blood
vessels.
When we exercise:
• More oxygen is needed for working
muscles
• More carbon dioxide must be removed
from muscles
The Respiratory Systems
10. Effect of exercise :
• The rate of breathing increase
• The depth of breathing increase
• The flow of blood through the lung
increase (cardiac output increase)
• The oxygen taken up and used by the
body increase
• The strength of respiratory muscles
increase
The Respiratory Systems
11. • Your nervous system consists of the
brain, spinal cord and nerves.
• Its function is to receive, store,
process, and send information.
• It controls functions such as heart
rate and breathing, as well as motor
movement.
• Exercise calms your nervous system,
as a result of better circulation and
reduced muscle tension.
The Nervous Systems
12. Benefits of Exercise for Nervous System:
• Required for Neurological
Development
• Cognition and Mental Alertness
• Coordination, balance and spatial
orientation
• Mood Regulation and Self Confidence
• Improves Sleep and Brain Toxin
Removal
• Lowers Stress, Tension and Anxiety
The Nervous Systems
13. • Recent studies have shown that
regular exercise may also improve
thinking skills and enhance memory.
The Nervous Systems
14. • The blood vessels are supported by
the lymph vessels and nodes (which
make your immune cells).
• The lymphatic system removes toxins
and returns them to the blood
circulation.
• Exercise boosts lymph flow, thus
promoting a healthy immune system,
which is crucial for fighting infections.
The Immune Systems
15. • Exercise causes change in antibodies
and white blood cells (WBC).
• WBCs are the body's immune system
cells that fight disease.
• The brief rise in body temperature
during and right after exercise may
prevent bacteria from growing.
The Immune Systems
16. • The endocrine system is defined as all
tissues or glands that secrets hormones
• Endocrine response to exercise can
improve organ function.
• Effects of exercises - METABOLIC RATE
Many complex system is interact to
regulate metabolism at during exercise,
the major glands are, Anterior pituitary
gland ,Thyroid gland, Adrenal gland,
Pancreas.
The Endocrine Systems
17. • The endocrine system is closely
associated with the nervous system.
• It sends hormones to the body to
control growth, blood sugar levels,
body temperature, and metabolism.
• Exercise regulates your hormonal
balance, enhancing organ function
and physical fitness, and lifting your
mood.
The Endocrine Systems
18. • Digestive system is made up of the
gastrointestinal (GI) tract (mouth, esophagus,
stomach, small intestine, large intestine and
anus) and your liver, pancreas and gallbladder.
• Your digestive system breaks down food into
usable nutrients and eliminates waste
products.
• Exercise contributes to proper functioning of
the digestive system, and aids the elimination
of waste.
The Digestive Systems
19. Effect of exercise:
• Improve blood circulation and
muscular system
• Increases appetite
• Reduce constipation
• Increase working capacity of salivary
gland
• Strength of stomach, liver and
pancreas increase
• Digestion capacity increase
The Digestive Systems
20. • Physiological adaptations vary from one person to the next.
• Major factors, according to the Centers for Disease Control, include the
intensity, duration, and frequency of exercise, along with age and initial fitness
level.
Variation in physiological adaptation
22. 1. Makes stronger
2. Burns calories efficiently
3. Decreases fat
4. Lean appearance of body
5. Decreases risk of falls
6. Lowers risk of injury
7. Improves heart health
8. Manage blood sugar levels
1. Strength
23. 9. Promotes greater mobility and flexibility
10. Makes bones stronger
11. Boosts your mood
12. Improves brain health
13. Promotes a better quality of life
1. Strength
24. 1. Makes muscles more stronger
2. Decreases fat
3. Bulky appearance of body
4. Lowers risk of injury
5. Improves heart health
6. Manage blood sugar levels
7. Makes bones stronger
2. Power
25. 1. Stronger and healthier body
2. improve Self Image
3. Improve Confidence
4. Better Sleep
5. More Energy
6. Better Quality of Life
7. Keeps Heart Healthy
8. Prevents Age-Related Decline
9. Longer Life
3. Endurance
26. 1. Increases range of motion
2. Increases blood flow to your muscles
3. Fewer injuries
4. Improved posture
5. Improved balance
6. Feelings of relaxation
7. Improved physical performance
4. Flexibility
