ICT refers to information and communication technology. While there is no universal definition, it generally involves the scientific knowledge and skills used to transfer processed and meaningful data, ideas, emotions, skills and knowledge between parties. Technology plays a role in supporting information and communication processes, especially in education. Some benefits of ICT in education include exposure to authentic language, access to wider sources of information, opportunities to communicate with those outside the classroom, a learner-centered approach, and the development of learner autonomy.

3. ● ICT = Information & Communication
Technology
● No universal definition

4. ● Information & Communication Technology
(Shore, Levis, Hubbley, Hartoyo) :
o The scientific knowledge of art or skills on how to
interact between interlocutors in transferring
processed & meaningful data as well as ideas,
emotions, skills and knowledges.

5. ● Technology functioning to support the
process of conveying information and
communication especially in education
areas (Hartoyo).
● CALL (Computer-Assisted Language
Learning), the internet, generic
computer applications.

7. 1. Exposure to ‘authentic’ language
2. Access to wider sources
3. Opportunities to communicate with outside
world
4. A learner-centered approach
5. Development of learner autonomy

8. ❖ Standard office applications
○ Word processing
E.g. Microsoft Word: write, letters, reports etc.
○ Spreadsheets
E.g. Microsoft excel; Analyze financial information; calculation;
create forecasting models etc.
○ Database software
E.g. Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, Access; Managing data in many
forms,
from basic lists (e.g. customer contrast through to complex material
(e.g. catalogue).
○ Presentation soft-ware:
E.g Microsoft Powerpoint: Make presentations, and publish in digital
format via email or over the internet.

9. ● Desktop Publishing
E.g. Adobe InDesign, Quark express, Microsoft Publisher: produce
newsletter, magazines and other complex document.
● Graphics software
● E.g. Adobe photoshop and Illustrator; Marcromedia Freehand and
fireworks; create and edit images such as logos, drawings or
pictures for use in DTP, web sites or other publications.
❖ Specialist applications
● Accounting package
E.g. Sage Oracle: Manage an organization’s accounts including
revenues/sales, purchases, bank accounts etc.
● Computer Aided Design
Computer Aided Design (CAD) is the use of computers to assist the
design process, it exist for many types of design: architectural,
engineering, electronics, roadways

10. ● Customer Relation Management (CRM).
Sofware that allows businesses to better
understand their customers by collecting
and analyzing data on them such as their
product preferences, buying habits etc.
Often linked to software applications that
run call centers and loyalty cards for
example.

11. ● Hypertext is an electronic document
that links information with associated
materials non-sequentially.
● Opening information of our interest
without have to start from the first
document.
● For instance: a link displays
documents A,B,C,D. We can open
document D without starting from
document A.
Ted Nelson

13. ● Hypertext → electronic document in
the form of plain text connects to other
plain texts
● Hypermedia → plain text connects to
other media such as graphics, video,
spreadsheet, animation, and sound.

14. ➢ Ease of tracing references or creating new
references
➢ Information structuring
➢ Global views
➢ Customized documents
➢ Modularity of information
➢ Consistency of information
➢ Task stacking
➢ Collaboration

15. ➢ Disorientation problems
➢ A massive number of nodes make
information hard to be obtained

16. ➢For business
➢For information resources
➢For education
- The computer assisted learning (CAL) → for
personal learning
- for clearer explanations, description and
illustration using pictures, sound, music,
animation, and video.

17. ● For learning language and teaching
purposes
● Learning all language skills: listening,
speaking, reading, writing as well as
vocabulary and grammar
● The best and most successful result in
learning grammar