This document discusses measuring and incentivizing environmental, social, and governance (ESEG) performance. It outlines the benefits of superior ESEG performance, such as lower costs and improved financial performance. It then describes how ESEG performance is currently measured, including sustainability risk assessments and questionnaires. A new proposed ESEG evaluation approach is presented, using industry-specific materiality maps and scoring companies' performance on material issues. Finally, the document discusses different incentives for high ESEG performance, including interest rate reductions on loans, sustainability certificates, and a proposed CSV competition to fund shared value projects.
Application of probiotics in complex treatment of tuberculosisIJERA Editor
The probiotic bacteria possessing ability to suppress growth of Mycobacterium B5 are revealed. Antagonistic
activity in selected strains studied during the growth on various nutrient media. Strains adapted to the low pH
exposure. They are steady against a number of the antibiotics, used at tuberculosis treatment. This testifies to the
prospects of further studies on the use of probiotics in the
Study Effective of Wind Load on Behavior of ShearWall in Frame StructureIJERA Editor
Wind load is really the result of wind pressures acting on the building surfaces during a wind event. This wind
pressure is primarily a function of the wind speed because the pressure or load increases with the square of the
wind velocity.Structural walls, or shear walls, are elements used to resist lateral loads, such as those generated
by wind and earthquakes. Structural walls are considerably deeper than typical beams or columns. This attribute
gives structural walls considerable in-plane stiffness which makes structural walls a natural choice for resisting
lateral loads. In addition to considerable strength, structural walls can dissipate a great deal of energy if detailed
properly. Walls are an invaluable structural element when protecting buildings from seismic events. Buildings
often rely on structural walls as the main lateral force resisting system. Shear walls are required to perform in
multiple ways. Shear walls can then be designed to limit building damage to the specified degree. The loaddeformation
response of the structural walls must be accurately predicted and related to structural damage in
order to achieve these performance goals under loading events of various magnitudes. The applied load is
generally transferred to the wall by a diaphragm or collector or drag member. The performance of the framed
buildings depends on the structural system adopted for the structure The term structural system or structural
frame in structural engineering refers to load-resisting sub-system of a structure. The structural system
transfers loads through interconnected structural components or members. These structural systems need to be
chosen based on its height and loads and need to be carried out, etc. The selection of appropriate structural
systems for building must satisfy both strength and stiffness requirements. The structural system must be
adequate to resist lateral and gravity loads that cause horizontal shear deformation and overturning deformation.
The efficiency of a structural system is measured in terms of their ability to resist lateral load, which increases
with the height of the frame. A building can be considered as tall when the effect of lateral loads is reflected in
the design. Lateral deflections of framed buildings should be limited to prevent damage to both structural and
nonstructural elements. In the present study, the structural performance of the framed building with shear wall
will be analysis.
Land Use and Land Cover Change Detection in Tiruchirappalli District Using Re...IJERA Editor
This document analyzes land use and land cover changes in Tiruchirappalli district, India between 1990-2010 using remote sensing and GIS. The key findings are:
1) Agricultural land decreased significantly (-168.63%) as it was converted to built-up land and fallow land due to urbanization and infrastructure development.
2) Built-up land increased substantially (34.82%) as agricultural land and fallow land were developed for settlements, industries and roads.
3) Fallow land initially increased (-48.19%) as agricultural land was abandoned but was later converted to built-up areas.
Data encryption using LSB matching algorithm and Reserving Room before Encryp...IJERA Editor
Now a days, more and more attention is paid to reversible data hiding (RDH) in encrypted images, since it
maintains the excellent property that the original cover can be losslessly recovered after embedded data is
extracted while protecting the image content’s confidentiality. Previously proposed methods embed data by
reversibly vacating room from the encrypted images, which may cause some errors in data during data extraction
and/or image restoration. In this paper, a novel method of reserving room before encryption with a traditional
RDH algorithm, and thus it is easy for the data hider to reversibly embed data in the encrypted image is
proposed. The proposed method can achieve real reversibility, that is, data extraction and image recovery are
free of any error.
This document discusses measuring and incentivizing environmental, social, and governance (ESEG) performance. It outlines the benefits of superior ESEG performance, such as lower costs and improved financial performance. It then describes how ESEG performance is currently measured, including sustainability risk assessments and questionnaires. A new proposed ESEG evaluation approach is presented, using industry-specific materiality maps and scoring companies' performance on material issues. Finally, the document discusses different incentives for high ESEG performance, including interest rate reductions on loans, sustainability certificates, and a proposed CSV competition to fund shared value projects.
Application of probiotics in complex treatment of tuberculosisIJERA Editor
The probiotic bacteria possessing ability to suppress growth of Mycobacterium B5 are revealed. Antagonistic
activity in selected strains studied during the growth on various nutrient media. Strains adapted to the low pH
exposure. They are steady against a number of the antibiotics, used at tuberculosis treatment. This testifies to the
prospects of further studies on the use of probiotics in the
Study Effective of Wind Load on Behavior of ShearWall in Frame StructureIJERA Editor
Wind load is really the result of wind pressures acting on the building surfaces during a wind event. This wind
pressure is primarily a function of the wind speed because the pressure or load increases with the square of the
wind velocity.Structural walls, or shear walls, are elements used to resist lateral loads, such as those generated
by wind and earthquakes. Structural walls are considerably deeper than typical beams or columns. This attribute
gives structural walls considerable in-plane stiffness which makes structural walls a natural choice for resisting
lateral loads. In addition to considerable strength, structural walls can dissipate a great deal of energy if detailed
properly. Walls are an invaluable structural element when protecting buildings from seismic events. Buildings
often rely on structural walls as the main lateral force resisting system. Shear walls are required to perform in
multiple ways. Shear walls can then be designed to limit building damage to the specified degree. The loaddeformation
response of the structural walls must be accurately predicted and related to structural damage in
order to achieve these performance goals under loading events of various magnitudes. The applied load is
generally transferred to the wall by a diaphragm or collector or drag member. The performance of the framed
buildings depends on the structural system adopted for the structure The term structural system or structural
frame in structural engineering refers to load-resisting sub-system of a structure. The structural system
transfers loads through interconnected structural components or members. These structural systems need to be
chosen based on its height and loads and need to be carried out, etc. The selection of appropriate structural
systems for building must satisfy both strength and stiffness requirements. The structural system must be
adequate to resist lateral and gravity loads that cause horizontal shear deformation and overturning deformation.
The efficiency of a structural system is measured in terms of their ability to resist lateral load, which increases
with the height of the frame. A building can be considered as tall when the effect of lateral loads is reflected in
the design. Lateral deflections of framed buildings should be limited to prevent damage to both structural and
nonstructural elements. In the present study, the structural performance of the framed building with shear wall
will be analysis.
Land Use and Land Cover Change Detection in Tiruchirappalli District Using Re...IJERA Editor
This document analyzes land use and land cover changes in Tiruchirappalli district, India between 1990-2010 using remote sensing and GIS. The key findings are:
1) Agricultural land decreased significantly (-168.63%) as it was converted to built-up land and fallow land due to urbanization and infrastructure development.
2) Built-up land increased substantially (34.82%) as agricultural land and fallow land were developed for settlements, industries and roads.
3) Fallow land initially increased (-48.19%) as agricultural land was abandoned but was later converted to built-up areas.
Data encryption using LSB matching algorithm and Reserving Room before Encryp...IJERA Editor
Now a days, more and more attention is paid to reversible data hiding (RDH) in encrypted images, since it
maintains the excellent property that the original cover can be losslessly recovered after embedded data is
extracted while protecting the image content’s confidentiality. Previously proposed methods embed data by
reversibly vacating room from the encrypted images, which may cause some errors in data during data extraction
and/or image restoration. In this paper, a novel method of reserving room before encryption with a traditional
RDH algorithm, and thus it is easy for the data hider to reversibly embed data in the encrypted image is
proposed. The proposed method can achieve real reversibility, that is, data extraction and image recovery are
free of any error.
Stress Analysis and Optimization of a Piaggio Ape Clutch Plate with different...IJERA Editor
clutch plate is one of the important part in the power transmission systems. Good design of clutch provides
better engine performance. Clutch is device which is used to engage or disengage of gears and it transfers the
rotary motion of one shaft to the other shaft when desired. In automobiles friction clutches are widely used in
power transmission applications. To transmit maximum torque in friction clutches selection of the friction
material is one of the important tasks.
In this thesis a model of Piaggio Ape clutch plate has been generated in Pro-E Cre0-5 and then imported in
ANSYS for power transmission applications. We have conducted structural analysis by varying the friction
surfaces material and keeping base material aluminium same. By seeing the results, Comparison is done for both
materials to validate better lining material for Piaggio Ape clutch plate by doing analysis on clutch with help of
ANSYS software for find out which material is best for the lining of friction surfaces.
Static & Thermal Analysis of Positive Multiple Friction Plate using FEA PackageIJERA Editor
Clutch is a mechanical device, which is used to engage or disengage the source of power from the rest of the
power transmission system at the operator’s will. The clutch can connect or disconnect the driving shaft from
the driven shaft when necessary. Clutches are designed to transfer maximum torque with minimum heat
generation. During engagement and disengagement the two clutch discs has the sliding motion between them.
The project contains that designing and analysis of two positive multi friction plates.
For the designing of the friction plates 3d modeling software used and for the analysis ansys package is used.
In the analysis part the two models are analyzed with different materials by conducting two types of analysis
which are structural and thermal.
Structural analysis is done to find out the stress values and the thermal analysis done to find out the temperature
distribution on the model. By these two analysis results we are suggesting the best material to the effective
model of the multiple friction plate.
Classification accuracy analyses using Shannon’s EntropyIJERA Editor
There are many methods for determining the Classification Accuracy. In this paper significance of Entropy of
training signatures in Classification has been shown. Entropy of training signatures of the raw digital image
represents the heterogeneity of the brightness values of the pixels in different bands. This implies that an image
comprising a homogeneous lu/lc category will be associated with nearly the same reflectance values that would
result in the occurrence of a very low entropy value. On the other hand an image characterized by the
occurrence of diverse lu/lc categories will consist of largely differing reflectance values due to which the
entropy of such image would be relatively high. This concept leads to analyses of classification accuracy.
Although Entropy has been used many times in RS and GIS but its use in determination of classification
accuracy is new approach.
Determination of Immobilization Process Parameters of Corynebacterium glutami...IJERA Editor
The parameters of the immobilized process of Corynebacterium glutamicum on kappa carrageenan were identified by
Plackett-Burman matrix, and the experiments were designed by response surface methodology having the central
composite designs (RSM-CCD). The maximum yield of cell immobilization on kappa carrageenan carrier reached at
78% ± 2%. Optimal parameters were 3 grams kappa carrageenan per 100 militters sterile water and 58.58 million
cfu/mL, forming gels at 100C for 25 minutes and the speed when soaking particles of 150 rpm for 120 minutes in 0.58
M potassium chlorua solvent. The immobile finished products are applied in L-lysine production, their reusing ability
is 3 times and the total yield of L-lysine was accumulated 93 g/L in medium during 96 fermented hours. The L-lysine
productivity of the batch fermentation was 0.969 g.L-1
.h-1
. And the set-up storage conditions are the mixed solvent of
CaCl2 0.5% (w/v) and KCl 0.5% (w/v); pH is 7.0 in 40C. After 60 storage days, the survival cell rate was remained
51%.
El documento describe el calentamiento global y sus causas y efectos. Señala que la Academia Nacional de Ciencias utilizó por primera vez el término "calentamiento global" en 1979 para advertir que si los niveles de dióxido de carbono siguen aumentando, habrá cambios climáticos significativos. Más tarde, en 1988, un climatólogo testificó ante el Congreso que existe una relación de causa y efecto entre el efecto invernadero y el calentamiento observado. Las principales causas mencionadas son la contaminación y la falta de con
This document discusses integrating contemplation into mainstream education. It argues that contemplation is a fundamental way of knowing that complements rational and empirical thinking. The document provides evidence that contemplation can improve student performance, develop character, and promote deeper learning. It also outlines specific contemplative practices and exercises that can be incorporated into classrooms across different subject areas and grade levels.
This document contains a short story told in black and white about a character named Adam who has lost his ability to see color. He meets a woman named Clara at a bar. They go back to her house where she questions him about his condition and past over coffee. Their conversation becomes intimate. The next morning, Adam looks through some of Clara's case files as she prepares breakfast.
A Review: Six Sigma Implementation Practice in Manufacturing IndustriesIJERA Editor
This document summarizes a research paper that reviews the practice of Six Sigma implementation in manufacturing industries. It discusses the key steps of the DMAIC methodology used in Six Sigma projects. Case studies from nine industries are presented that implemented Six Sigma through DMAIC to improve processes and reduce defects. Common tools used at each DMAIC phase are identified, such as Pareto charts, cause-and-effect diagrams, and control charts. The case studies achieved benefits like cost savings, reduced defects, and improved process cycle times through Six Sigma.
Este documento describe la aparición de una nueva franja social de personas entre los 70 y 80 años. A diferencia de las generaciones anteriores, esta generación se siente joven y activa, no planea retirarse y usa la tecnología con facilidad. Las mujeres de esta edad tuvieron más opciones en sus vidas y persiguieron sus propias metas. A pesar de su edad, esta generación compite de forma diferente y cultiva su propio estilo, en lugar de envidiar la apariencia de los jóvenes.
Banco Sabadell has disclosed plans to acquire TSB for £1.7 billion (€2.4 billion), representing a 29% premium over TSB's previous closing share price. The acquisition values TSB at 1.04 times tangible equity for a projected 2015 return on tangible equity of 4.5%. However, TSB is overcapitalized with €0.8 billion in excess capital compared to Sabadell's capital ratio; excluding this excess capital raises TSB's projected 2015 return on tangible equity to 6.9%. The acquisition is seen as an attempt to diversify away from Spain into the UK market. However, political risks from elections in the UK, Spain and Portugal this year and regulatory complexity raise
Modification of a Two Wheeler Suspension System using FeaIJERA Editor
A spring is defined as an elastic body, whose function is to compress when loaded and to recover its original
shape when the load is removed. A spring is a flexible element used to exert a force or a torque and, at the same
time, to store energy. The force can be a linear push or pull, or it can be radial. In two wheelers we used to see
helical suspension at the front and rear tyres on both sides. But the new model bikes are replacing the rear
double suspension with the single heavy duty suspension. Our project deals with the design and modification of
the suspension system and analyzing that can we replace one heavy duty spring in the place of double springs.
For this we have conducted structural analysis by varying the spring material and keeping base material same.
By seeing the results, Comparison is done for four materials to validate better material for suspension system by
doing analysis on spring with help of ANSYS software for find out which material is best for the suspension
system.
And also we modified the actual model and also conducting the same analysis on it and validating that which
model is better.
The modeling done in Creo-5 and analysis is done Ansys package.
El documento describe los desafíos tecnológicos de la minería subterránea altamente automatizada del futuro, incluyendo la automatización de equipos mediante complementos tecnológicos que eliminan la operación manual y aumentan la productividad. Explica los niveles de automatización y el concepto de acceso remoto a los equipos a través de redes de comunicación, que permite actualizar sistemas administrativos automáticamente, acceder a planes de producción actualizados, generar informes automáticos y diagnosticar fallas de man
Improved Grid Synchronization Algorithm for DG System using DSRF PLL under Gr...IJERA Editor
Distributed Generation (DG) System is a small scale electric power generation at or near the user’s facility as
opposed to the normal mode of centralized power generation. In order to ensure safe and reliable operation of
power system based on DS, grid synchronization algorithm plays a very important role. This paper presents a
Double Synchronous Reference Frame (DSRF) phase locked loop (PLL) based on synthesis circuit for grid
synchronization of distributed generation (DG) system under grid disturbances aimed to provide an estimation
of the angular frequency and both the positive and negative sequences of the fundamental component of an
unbalanced three-phase signal. The design of this PLL is based on a complete description of the source voltage
involving both positive and negative sequences in stationary coordinates and considering the angular frequency
as an uncertain parameter.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Este documento presenta una plantilla para la elaboración de un trabajo académico utilizando las normas ICONTEC. Incluye secciones como portada, índice, introducción, objetivos, marco teórico, materiales y métodos, desarrollo, conclusiones y bibliografía. El propósito es servir de guía para la estructuración de trabajos de investigación.
Stress Analysis and Optimization of a Piaggio Ape Clutch Plate with different...IJERA Editor
clutch plate is one of the important part in the power transmission systems. Good design of clutch provides
better engine performance. Clutch is device which is used to engage or disengage of gears and it transfers the
rotary motion of one shaft to the other shaft when desired. In automobiles friction clutches are widely used in
power transmission applications. To transmit maximum torque in friction clutches selection of the friction
material is one of the important tasks.
In this thesis a model of Piaggio Ape clutch plate has been generated in Pro-E Cre0-5 and then imported in
ANSYS for power transmission applications. We have conducted structural analysis by varying the friction
surfaces material and keeping base material aluminium same. By seeing the results, Comparison is done for both
materials to validate better lining material for Piaggio Ape clutch plate by doing analysis on clutch with help of
ANSYS software for find out which material is best for the lining of friction surfaces.
Static & Thermal Analysis of Positive Multiple Friction Plate using FEA PackageIJERA Editor
Clutch is a mechanical device, which is used to engage or disengage the source of power from the rest of the
power transmission system at the operator’s will. The clutch can connect or disconnect the driving shaft from
the driven shaft when necessary. Clutches are designed to transfer maximum torque with minimum heat
generation. During engagement and disengagement the two clutch discs has the sliding motion between them.
The project contains that designing and analysis of two positive multi friction plates.
For the designing of the friction plates 3d modeling software used and for the analysis ansys package is used.
In the analysis part the two models are analyzed with different materials by conducting two types of analysis
which are structural and thermal.
Structural analysis is done to find out the stress values and the thermal analysis done to find out the temperature
distribution on the model. By these two analysis results we are suggesting the best material to the effective
model of the multiple friction plate.
Classification accuracy analyses using Shannon’s EntropyIJERA Editor
There are many methods for determining the Classification Accuracy. In this paper significance of Entropy of
training signatures in Classification has been shown. Entropy of training signatures of the raw digital image
represents the heterogeneity of the brightness values of the pixels in different bands. This implies that an image
comprising a homogeneous lu/lc category will be associated with nearly the same reflectance values that would
result in the occurrence of a very low entropy value. On the other hand an image characterized by the
occurrence of diverse lu/lc categories will consist of largely differing reflectance values due to which the
entropy of such image would be relatively high. This concept leads to analyses of classification accuracy.
Although Entropy has been used many times in RS and GIS but its use in determination of classification
accuracy is new approach.
Determination of Immobilization Process Parameters of Corynebacterium glutami...IJERA Editor
The parameters of the immobilized process of Corynebacterium glutamicum on kappa carrageenan were identified by
Plackett-Burman matrix, and the experiments were designed by response surface methodology having the central
composite designs (RSM-CCD). The maximum yield of cell immobilization on kappa carrageenan carrier reached at
78% ± 2%. Optimal parameters were 3 grams kappa carrageenan per 100 militters sterile water and 58.58 million
cfu/mL, forming gels at 100C for 25 minutes and the speed when soaking particles of 150 rpm for 120 minutes in 0.58
M potassium chlorua solvent. The immobile finished products are applied in L-lysine production, their reusing ability
is 3 times and the total yield of L-lysine was accumulated 93 g/L in medium during 96 fermented hours. The L-lysine
productivity of the batch fermentation was 0.969 g.L-1
.h-1
. And the set-up storage conditions are the mixed solvent of
CaCl2 0.5% (w/v) and KCl 0.5% (w/v); pH is 7.0 in 40C. After 60 storage days, the survival cell rate was remained
51%.
El documento describe el calentamiento global y sus causas y efectos. Señala que la Academia Nacional de Ciencias utilizó por primera vez el término "calentamiento global" en 1979 para advertir que si los niveles de dióxido de carbono siguen aumentando, habrá cambios climáticos significativos. Más tarde, en 1988, un climatólogo testificó ante el Congreso que existe una relación de causa y efecto entre el efecto invernadero y el calentamiento observado. Las principales causas mencionadas son la contaminación y la falta de con
This document discusses integrating contemplation into mainstream education. It argues that contemplation is a fundamental way of knowing that complements rational and empirical thinking. The document provides evidence that contemplation can improve student performance, develop character, and promote deeper learning. It also outlines specific contemplative practices and exercises that can be incorporated into classrooms across different subject areas and grade levels.
This document contains a short story told in black and white about a character named Adam who has lost his ability to see color. He meets a woman named Clara at a bar. They go back to her house where she questions him about his condition and past over coffee. Their conversation becomes intimate. The next morning, Adam looks through some of Clara's case files as she prepares breakfast.
A Review: Six Sigma Implementation Practice in Manufacturing IndustriesIJERA Editor
This document summarizes a research paper that reviews the practice of Six Sigma implementation in manufacturing industries. It discusses the key steps of the DMAIC methodology used in Six Sigma projects. Case studies from nine industries are presented that implemented Six Sigma through DMAIC to improve processes and reduce defects. Common tools used at each DMAIC phase are identified, such as Pareto charts, cause-and-effect diagrams, and control charts. The case studies achieved benefits like cost savings, reduced defects, and improved process cycle times through Six Sigma.
Este documento describe la aparición de una nueva franja social de personas entre los 70 y 80 años. A diferencia de las generaciones anteriores, esta generación se siente joven y activa, no planea retirarse y usa la tecnología con facilidad. Las mujeres de esta edad tuvieron más opciones en sus vidas y persiguieron sus propias metas. A pesar de su edad, esta generación compite de forma diferente y cultiva su propio estilo, en lugar de envidiar la apariencia de los jóvenes.
Banco Sabadell has disclosed plans to acquire TSB for £1.7 billion (€2.4 billion), representing a 29% premium over TSB's previous closing share price. The acquisition values TSB at 1.04 times tangible equity for a projected 2015 return on tangible equity of 4.5%. However, TSB is overcapitalized with €0.8 billion in excess capital compared to Sabadell's capital ratio; excluding this excess capital raises TSB's projected 2015 return on tangible equity to 6.9%. The acquisition is seen as an attempt to diversify away from Spain into the UK market. However, political risks from elections in the UK, Spain and Portugal this year and regulatory complexity raise
Modification of a Two Wheeler Suspension System using FeaIJERA Editor
A spring is defined as an elastic body, whose function is to compress when loaded and to recover its original
shape when the load is removed. A spring is a flexible element used to exert a force or a torque and, at the same
time, to store energy. The force can be a linear push or pull, or it can be radial. In two wheelers we used to see
helical suspension at the front and rear tyres on both sides. But the new model bikes are replacing the rear
double suspension with the single heavy duty suspension. Our project deals with the design and modification of
the suspension system and analyzing that can we replace one heavy duty spring in the place of double springs.
For this we have conducted structural analysis by varying the spring material and keeping base material same.
By seeing the results, Comparison is done for four materials to validate better material for suspension system by
doing analysis on spring with help of ANSYS software for find out which material is best for the suspension
system.
And also we modified the actual model and also conducting the same analysis on it and validating that which
model is better.
The modeling done in Creo-5 and analysis is done Ansys package.
El documento describe los desafíos tecnológicos de la minería subterránea altamente automatizada del futuro, incluyendo la automatización de equipos mediante complementos tecnológicos que eliminan la operación manual y aumentan la productividad. Explica los niveles de automatización y el concepto de acceso remoto a los equipos a través de redes de comunicación, que permite actualizar sistemas administrativos automáticamente, acceder a planes de producción actualizados, generar informes automáticos y diagnosticar fallas de man
Improved Grid Synchronization Algorithm for DG System using DSRF PLL under Gr...IJERA Editor
Distributed Generation (DG) System is a small scale electric power generation at or near the user’s facility as
opposed to the normal mode of centralized power generation. In order to ensure safe and reliable operation of
power system based on DS, grid synchronization algorithm plays a very important role. This paper presents a
Double Synchronous Reference Frame (DSRF) phase locked loop (PLL) based on synthesis circuit for grid
synchronization of distributed generation (DG) system under grid disturbances aimed to provide an estimation
of the angular frequency and both the positive and negative sequences of the fundamental component of an
unbalanced three-phase signal. The design of this PLL is based on a complete description of the source voltage
involving both positive and negative sequences in stationary coordinates and considering the angular frequency
as an uncertain parameter.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Este documento presenta una plantilla para la elaboración de un trabajo académico utilizando las normas ICONTEC. Incluye secciones como portada, índice, introducción, objetivos, marco teórico, materiales y métodos, desarrollo, conclusiones y bibliografía. El propósito es servir de guía para la estructuración de trabajos de investigación.