article presentation, milling for better drug absorption

1. Khadija Khawar
Roll # 14011579-010
Section: B
Department: Biotechnology
University of Gujrat
Presented By:

2. {1. Fluid energy milling
2. Ball milling

3. First milling of drug was performed in
1900’s . In 1904 T.J Sturtevant designed
an automatic transmission for milling
of drugs.
1
2
3
This technique works on the
attrition and impact.
20-100 µm to less then 10µm.
Lowest size obtained is 3-5µm.

4. Technique :
1
High velocity air steams are injected into the
milling chamber
2
When the drug particles enter the air stream they are
accelerated and collide with each other and with the walls
of the chamber.
3
Then attrition and impact forces occur
4 A classifier is fitted in the chamber for
detection and separation.
5

5. Employed successfully for
micronization of many
drugs to improve the
dissolution and water
solubility e.g. Ibuprofen,
salbutamol sulfate and
fenoterol hydrobromide.
1
2
3
Co-milling with suitable
exipients is also carried out
e.g.fenofibrate.
It is employed to increase
the bioavailbity EMD 57033
by grinding mixture with
lactose hydroxypropymethyl
cellulose was more effective.
e.g.Ibuprofen together with
nanosilica

6.  Ball milling is the process of crushing and grinding
of drug particles by using the attrition forces of balls
and rods in a vessel.

7. 1
A Ball Mill consists of
1.Vessel
2.Rods
3.Balls
2
Vessels filled with balls . It
is filled 50 percent with
balls and 25 percent with
drug material.
3
Rods constructed from a variety
of metals.
Besides rods there are present
balls also that play important
role in milling.

8. 1 Material to be milled is placed inside the vessel
2 The vessel is rotated at a particular speed or
frequency.
3 The rotation causes the ball to move at specific pattern
colliding with drug particles and with walls of container.
4
Size is reduced due to this collision.
5
Size is affected by the impact drug particles receive by
collision.

9. Milling techniques are
available to reduce the drug
size and increase the
solubility in water. PAT
enables us to control the
particle size reduction which
in turn help us to know the
physical as well as chemical
characteristics of particles.
Other milling techniques
help to reduce the size of
those drugs which can easily
degrade toxic able and those
drugs that can easily lose
their activity.
There is a lot of
improvement in milling
process but still there is
need of development where
the function of milling can
increase beyond size
reduction to particle design.