2. The Venturi effect is a jet effect; as with a funnel the
velocity of the fluid increases as the cross sectional area
decreases, with the static pressure correspondingly
decreasing. According to the laws governing fluid
dynamics, a fluid's velocity must increase as it passes
through a constriction to satisfy the principle of
continuity, while its pressure must decrease to satisfy
the principle of conservation of mechanical energy.
Thus any gain in kinetic energy a fluid may accrue due
to its increased velocity through a constriction is
negated by a drop in pressure. An equation for the drop
in pressure due to the Venturi effect may be derived
from a combination of Bernoulli's principle and the
continuity equation.
3. The limiting case of the Venturi effect is when a
fluid reaches the state of choked flow, where the
fluid velocity approaches the local speed of sound.
In choked flow the mass flow rate will not increase
with a further decrease in the downstream pressure
environment.
4. The simplest apparatus, as shown in the
photograph and diagram, is a tubular setup known
as a Venturi tube or simply a venturi. Fluid flows
through a length of pipe of varying diameter. To
avoid undue drag, a Venturi tube typically has an
entry cone of 30 degrees and an exit cone of 5
degrees.
5. The Venturi effect is the reduction in fluid pressure
that results when a fluid flows through a
constricted section of pipe.
Fluid flows through a length of pipe of varying
diameter. To avoid undue drag, a Venturi tube
typically has an entry cone of 30 degrees and an
exit cone of 5 degrees.
