CMMI models are abstractions of activities that should be implemented in technical projects and organizations. Recognizing the real-world examples of abstractions is difficult when a new model is introduced. The 2010 CMMI for Services looks for "instantiations" even more abstract than "projects", entities appraisers using the earlier Development CMMI found not always so easy to define. This conference presentation to CMMI appraisers shows that the Services CMMI outlines a business process unlike the earlier CMMI for Development which explicitly claimed not to do so.

1. Abstract for CMMI-SCAMPI 2010
Instantiations in CMMI for Services
Ken Dymond, PTI
CMMI for Services poses new problems for the user community. As instructors and appraisers, we must
not only interpret a new model for our own understanding but also identify new kinds of instantiations,
the ultimate units of appraisal, to clients. The discussion on SVC instantiations at the 2009 CMMI-
SCAMPI Conference showed that we haven’t developed a concept of instantiation for SVC and that the
“project” concept, not always easy to apply even in CMMI-DEV, would not do. The characteristics of a
service as “an intangible and non-storable product”, “simultaneously produced and consumed”, and with
“a different business rhythm” implies the concept of time. This presentation will discuss how Petri nets,
used to specify sequential execution of computer processes, can highlight the different kinds of time or
rhythm among SVC PAs. Then by applying the rhythms from the Petri net to SVC practices,
instantiations become straightforward since the appraisal method defines an instantiation as “…the
implementation of a model practice used in the appropriate context….” With kinds of time as an
organizing principle, even practices within a PA can be seen to operate at different rhythms. Service
Delivery executes at the highest rate of the seven SVC PAs, but even within SD some practices will
operate much less frequently. Three kinds of time are identified: system steady state (SD, CAM, IRP),
operational state (steady state plus PAs required to operate even when quiescent), and strategic state
(operational state plus SVC PAs needed to sustain delivery long-term). The SVC PAs constitute the
“appropriate context” for practice instantiation and, with the kinds-of-time organizing principle, are
related systematically as a group. Some implications of this view are that SSD (Service System
Development) should not be an addition and that a process context implementing the group could be an
Organizational Unit for an appraisal.
KMD abstract CMMI-SCAMPI 2010b.doc Printed: 5/27/10 1 of 1

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