3. RFID = Radio Frequency Identification
Electronic labeling and wireless identification of
objects using radio frequency
Tag carries with its information
› a serial number
› Model number
› Color or any other imaginable data
When these tags pass through a field generated
by a compatible reader, they transmit this
information back to the reader, thereby
identifying the object
4. A basic RFID system consists of these
components:
› A programmable RFID tag/inlay for storing item
data; consisting of
an RFID chip for data storage
an antenna to facilitate communication with the RFID
chip
› A reader/antenna system to interrogate the RFID
inlay
› Application software and a host computer system
5. The RFID tag consists of an integrated circuit
(IC) embedded in a thin film medium.
Information stored in the memory of the RFID
chip is transmitted by the antenna circuit
embedded in the RFID inlay via radio
frequencies, to an RFID reader
3 types
› Passive
› Semi-passive
› Active
6. Active Tags
• Use a battery
• communicate over
distances of
several meters
Semi-passive Tags
• Contain built-in
batteries to power
the chip’s circuitry,
resist interference
and circumvent a
lack of power from
the reader signal
due to long
distance.
• They are different
from active tags in
that they only
transmit data at the
time a response is
received
Passive Tags
• Derive their power
from the field
generated by the
reader
• without having an
active transmitter
to transfer the
information stored
7. Frequency Appx. Read
Range
Data Speed Cost of Tags Application
Low Frequency (125kHz) <5cm
(passive)
Low High • Animal Identification
• Access Control
High Frequency (13.56 Mhz) 10 cm – 1m
(passive)
Low to Moderate Medium to Low • Smart Cards
• Payment (paywave)
Ultra High Frequency (433, 868-928
Mhz)
3m -7m
(passive)
Moderate to High Low • Logistics and Supply Chain
• Baggage Tracking
Microwave (2.45 & 5.8 Ghz) 10m -15m
(passive)
20m – 40m
(active)
High High • Electronic toll collection (Autotoll)
• Container Tracking
8. Application Segment Representative Applications Competitive Technologies Current
Penetration
Typical Tag
Type
Access Control Doorway entry Other keyless entry technologies High Passive
Asset Tracking Locating tractors within a freight yard None Low Active
Asset Tagging Tracking corporate computing systems Bar Code Low Passive
Authentication Luxury goods counterfeit prevention Holograms Low Passive
Baggage Tracking Positive bag matching Bar Code, Optical Character
Recognition
Low Passive
POS Applications SpeedPass Credit Cards, Smart Cards,
Wireless Phones
Medium Passive
SCM (Container Level) Tracking containers in shipping terminals GPS-based Systems Low Active
SCM (Pallet Level) Tracking palletized shipments Bar Code Minimal Active, Passive
SCM (Item Level) Identifying individual items Bar Code Minimal Passive
Vehicle Identification Electronic toll collection Bar Code, License plate, reader
systems
Medium Active, Passive
Vehicle Immobilizers Automotive ignition systems Other theft prevention technologies High Passive
11. Target: SME
Information: Opinion on RFID and its
applications
Site:
› http://qtrial.qualtrics.com/SE/?SID=SV_9N5UPR
ZuyuWtsk4
12. Logistics and Supply Chain
Management
20%
Pharmaceutic
manufacturing industries
15%
Library Management
21%
Inventory Control
10%
Document Management
8%
Security
8%
Customer Services
5%
Hotel Management
5%
Banking and Finance
5%
Social Services
3%
Other
18%
Types of industries that respondentsthink
it is possible to apply RFID technology
15. Positive
› RFID is a contactless reading technology and can
read through other materials
› Hold more data than barcode does
› RFID tags data can be changed or added
› More effective, bring lots of convenience to us
Negative
› Cost is relatively remain high (compare to barcode)
› RFID signals may have problems with some
materials
› RFID standards are still being developed
