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13L005 千原 桂
13K030 南 直希
そもそも育児休暇と
は・・・?
育児・介護休業法に記されている最高1歳6ヵ月ま
で適用される休暇のことです。最高というのは、子
供が保育所に入所出来ない場合のみ適用されます。
それ以外であれば、両親がそれぞれ育休(育児休
暇)を取得することによって、1歳2ヵ月までの休
暇を得られます。また、父親が出産後8週間以内に
育休を取得すれば、再度育休を取得することが可能
となります。
制度について
育児休暇以外にも以下のことが記されています。
・3歳までの子供がいる場合、短時間勤務が可能と
なり、父母は1日6時間労働を可能とします。
・3歳までの子供がいる場合、所定外労働の免除が
適用され、県外などへの出張を免除されます。
・子供の就学まで父母は、子の看護休暇を得られ、
年に5日間(2人いる場合は、10日間)の休暇を
得られます。
・残業の制限、深夜勤務の免除 etc
男性が家事、子育てに費やす時間は、先進国中最
低の水準と言われているではありませんか!
総務省の「社会生活基本調査」によれば、
日本の男性の家事、育児に費やす時間は、育児33分、
家事27分。
アメリカは育児1時間5分、家事2時間8分。
イギリスは育児1時間、家事1時間46分、
フランスは育児40分、家事1時間50分
メリット
・家族との時間が増え、出生率上昇。
・企業の人材流出を回避。
・母親の負担軽減により、職場復帰可能?
デメリット
・休暇中によるブランクで職場復帰困難に。
・長期の休暇により能力が劣ってしまう。
3年延長にメリットはあるの
か?
3年延長したことにより、保育園に入れない待機
児童の面倒を見れるという利点はありますが、一時
的にすぎず、かえって女性の仕事復帰を妨げ、結果
母親だけが育児をすることになります。また、3年
に長くなることで、より復職が困難となります。
以上のことから、3年という長期の休暇は、現在
の日本では上手く機能しないことが分かります。
その前に
待機児童の問題を無くし、女性が復職し
やすい環境を作る。また、女性の負担をよ
り軽減すべく、父親の育休取得を促す。そ
の為に、企業の育休を取りづらい環境の改
善を行う。
まとめ
求められているのは、働きつつも育児を行える環
境だと考えます。父母のどちらかに偏るものではな
く、互いに協力し合っていける環境を、家族も企業
も求めていると思うのです。そうすれば、日本経済
の助けとなり、日本全体の家族の為となり得ましょ
う。

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