This document outlines four types of irony: verbal irony is when a speaker says one thing but means another, such as with sarcasm; dramatic irony occurs when the audience understands something that a character does not; situational irony is when the result of an action is contrary to what was intended or expected; and cosmic irony is a disparity between human desires and harsh realities.

1. FOUR TYPES OF IRONY
Verbal Irony: when a speaker says one thing
but means another, or when a literal meaning
is contrary to its intended effect. An example
of this is sarcasm.

2. Dramatic (or tragic) irony is a disparity of
expression and awareness: when words
and actions possess a significance that
the listener or audience
understands, but the speaker or
character does not.

3. Situational Irony is the disparity of
intention and result: when the
result of an action is contrary to
the desired or expected effect.

4. Cosmic irony is disparity between
human desires and the harsh
realities of the outside world.