Task 1 Annotated BibliographyIntroductionThe first stages of.docx

Task 1: Annotated BibliographyIntroduction:
The first stages of the research writing process involve topic
selection, formulation of a research question, preliminary
research, and the development of a working thesis statement.
Now you will begin identifying and evaluating sources to
determine how effectively they can support your argument. If
needed, the “Topic Ideas” web link below can be used for
selecting your research topic.
For this task, you will create an annotated bibliography by
finding 8-10 sources for your research paper, listing the sources
in APA-formatted references, and providing an annotation for
each source. Each annotation should offer a summary of the
source, an evaluation of its author’s or publisher’s credibility,
and an assessment of its relevance to your topic.
Requirements:Your submission must be your original work. No
more than a combined total of 30% of the submission and no
more than a 10% match to any one individual source can be
directly quoted or closely paraphrased from sources, even if
cited correctly. Use the Turnitin Originality Report available in
Taskstream as a guide for this measure of originality.
You must use the rubric to direct the creation of your
submission because it provides detailed criteria that will be
used to evaluate your work. Each requirement below may be
evaluated by more than one rubric aspect. The rubric aspect
titles may contain hyperlinks to relevant portions of the course.
A. Compose an appropriate, arguable thesis statement that
previews two to four main points and that you plan to use in
your research paper.
B. Create an annotated bibliography of eight to ten appropriate,

credible sources that you plan to use in your research paper.
Note: You may use the attached “Annotated Bibliography
Template” to complete your annotated bibliography, but use of
the attached template is not required.
1. Provide a full, APA-formatted reference citation for the 8–
10 sources.
2. Provide an annotation (suggested length of 150 words) for
each of the 8–10 sources by doing the following:
a. Summarize the information presented in the source.
b. Analyze the credibility of the author of the source or of the
publication (e.g. journal, publisher, or website), if no author is
present.
c. Analyze the relevance of the source to your chosen research
topic.
3. Write each annotation in your own words, without the
excessive use of direct quotation or extensive paraphrasing, for
the 8–10 sources from part B.
C. Demonstrate professional communication in the content and
presentation of your submission.
Task 2: Argumentative Research PaperIntroduction:
Writing a research paper gives you an opportunity to explore a
topic of special interest, research that topic, and organize your
research findings in writing for an academic audience.
Through your preparation work, you have established an
argumentative thesis statement and have planned a clear
organization of your main points. Your research is complete,
and the details are integrated into your writing plan. You have
pulled it all together in a draft and have revised the paper’s
organization, ideas, and words.

In this task, you will write the final draft of your argumentative
research paper. You may use the sources and thesis from Task
1, but it is not required. Aim for a polished, error-free
submission. The writing tone for your research paper should be
formal and appropriate for academic writing. The information in
the paper should be based on credible source material. If
needed, the “Topic Ideas” web link below can be used for
selecting your paper topic.
The paper must follow APA documentation guidelines and must
include an APA-formatted reference list, not your annotated
bibliography from Task 1. Any sources that you cite in the
paper must be included in the reference list, and any source in
the reference list must also be cited within your paper. Please
see “Appendix B: APA Format” from the learning resource,
found in the web links section below, for additional directions
on creating an APA-formatted reference list.
Note: An abstract is not required for this task, but including a
title page is recommended.Requirements:Your submission must
be your original work. No more than a combined total of 30% of
the submission and no more than a 10% match to any one
individual source can be directly quoted or closely paraphrased
from sources, even if cited correctly. Use the Turnitin
Originality Report available in Taskstream as a guide for this
measure of originality.
You must use the rubric to direct the creation of your
submission because it provides detailed criteria that will be
used to evaluate your work. Each requirement below may be
evaluated by more than one rubric aspect. The rubric aspect
titles may contain hyperlinks to relevant portions of the course.
A. Write an original and cohesive argumentative research paper
(suggested length of 8–10 pages).
1. Provide an effective introduction.
2. Provide an appropriate thesis statement that previews two to

four main points.
3. Develop each of the previewed main points in effective
paragraphs with support from a variety of sources.
4. Provide an effective conclusion.
B. Incorporate seven academically credible sources in your
paper.
C. Acknowledge sources, using APA-formatted in-text citations
and references, for content that is quoted, paraphrased, or
summarized.
D. Demonstrate professional communication in the content and
presentation of your submission.
You will express your thoughts in writing with constructed
response. The objective of this paper is to design and develop a
system/program; and to apply the quality, Lean, or Six Sigma
tools and performance measurement to solve a specific problem.
The paper outline will be your brief summary of problem, type
of industry, quality tools you plan to use in solving this
problems. Post your outline to the Discussion Board, under
forum “Research outline”. The length of your outline should be
between 100-150 words.
The length of your paper should be between 8-10 pages (double
space, Time New Roman 12) for undergraduate and 13-15 pages
for graduate students, excluding cover pages, contents, and
appendices (if any). I would expect a minimum of 8 reference
sources from reliable journals or books. You can supplement
with additional sources. Citations should be formatted in
accordance with the APA Style, edition 6th or the latest.
Student will select a specific problem from any industry (food,
retail, construction, airline, department store,
manufacturing, healthcare, government, education, service,
consulting, …) and apply the quality tools, techniques, and

methods learned from IndM 4230 to solve the problem. The
paper should include the following items:
• Executive Summary
• Introduction
• General information: type of industry, company’s name,
product/services, organization size (number of
workers/employees), and so on.
• Selected Problem: explain the problems and involved
personal/process/department, provide some background of the
problem (if any).
•
Solution
s to the problem: develop a process/program to solve your
selected problem. The proposed solutions can be only one, or
two, or three options. The items that should be explained in
details in your paper include:
Goal/objective, what you determine to do…
Tools/techniques/systems are used in the process, explain in
details (texts, images, chart, graph, table,…) of your design.
Performance measurement, how you measure the performance
of your proposed solution, what criteria used in the evaluation.
Required resources for your proposed solution to be successful
(e.g. how much it costs, number of workers,
software/application, worker training program,…)
• Summary and Conclusion
• References

Some samples of specific problem: you may not use any of
these in your paper - they are samples
Airline industry--- Over the years, airlines have been trying to
reduce the number of lost bags.
Healthcare --- customer complaints about waiting too long in a
U.S. emergency room.
Telecommunication – customer complaints and warranty claim
concerning the poor quality of cell phones.
A highway route through a small town has had an increase in
traffic accidents in recent years.
In the past few years, an earthquake and a tsunami killed
numerous people and destroyed homes and facilities. How can
water, food, medicine, relief workers, other critical supplies be
brought to an area where much of the infrastructure had been
damaged or destroyed?
Manufacturing – a plastic die casting company has increasing
numbers of the defect rate of the parts (acceptance is based on a
visual inspection of the parts for appearance.)
Lately, the company experienced on-time delivery problems.
There commonly is a failure to have the right entities at the
customer at the right time.
The healthcare unit has a problem with a broken measurement
system. A key measurement system used to judge process
performance exhibits high variation and is thus ineffective.

The orange juice company has a problem with process inventory
too high. The inventory in the process whether standard work-
in-process or unplanned, is too high.
Note: To identify a problem and solution, you should
understand the definition of ‘problem’ and ‘solution’. A
Problem is a situation in which what exists does not match what
is desired, or put another way, there is a discrepancy between
the current state of affairs and the one desired. Problem-solving
in a total quality setting is not about putting out fires. It is
about continual improvement. There are tools and models that
can be used in problem-solving.
TYPE OF INDUSTRY : STEEL

MANUFACTURING
COMPANY NAME : RASHTRIYA ISPAT
NIGAM LIMITED
NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES : 17574
WEBSITE :
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rashtriya_Ispat_Nigam
DJT1: Annotated Bibliography
DJT1: Annotated Bibliography
<Task2>
PAGE 1
PAGE 23
Annotated Bibliography Template

Name:
Student ID#:
Thesis Statement:
The Salton Sea in California and its surround land are ideal as
natural carbon traps and should be recognized and protected as
such, because protecting the water of the sea from evaporation
would sequester carbon and improve the climate, and also
improving the health, and safety of its residents.
Annotated Bibliography: Please follow this template for each of
your 8–10 annotations
Reference Citation (APA style required)
1
The Salton Sea restoration project suggestion (October 1999).
Source: San Diego State University (SDSU).
Retrieved from
http://www.sci.sdsu.edu/salton/Salton%20Sea%20Description.ht
ml
Summary: create a logicalsummary of the information presented
in the source
The source contains a comprehensive history of the Salton sea
compiled by the university. It covers the governing authorities,
restoration projects, and economic impacts from the late 80's to

the turn of the century. The source has additional research
information that was funded by the state of California over the
past 100 years. The source is a credible location for information
regarding soil water and air conditions in and around the sea.
Credibility: create a logical analysis of the credibility of the
source’s author (if no author listed, evaluate the credibility of
the publication)
Sand Diego State University is an accredited State education
entity that was founded in 1897 and has over 400k alumni. In
2017 it had 36k students registered. The university offers 195
degree programs and is certified by the state of California.
Relevance: analyze the relevance of each source to your chosen
topic
The university is less than 100 miles from the Salton sea. The
Campus faculty and students with the assistance of private and
state grants, contracted research and projects, operated and
participated in numerous studies around the Salton Sea area,
and on and in the sea water. These sanctioned projects and
studies by the state cover Air Water and Soil conditions of the
area. The data contains accurate water content at levels in the
parts per billion. It includes dissolved elements in the water one
of which is carbon. Data from these archives established the
baseline for carbon storage in the sea. This supports the thesis
that carbon can be sequestered in the Salton sea and how much
carbon.

2
The Salton Sea Transboundary Watershed report
(September 2000).
Source : California Environmental Protection Agency .
Retrieved from:
http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/coloradoriver/water_issues/prog
rams/wmi/docs/saltonsea_watershed_staff_report.pdf
in the source
Describes the water quality issues in the Salton Sea and the
Transboundary Watershed boundaries that include tribes,
nations, counties, water districts, joint-powers authorities, and
local, state, and federal agencies. The watershed is located in
the Sonoran desert region southeastern corner of California. The
reports contain credible details of life on the surface of the sea
and around the sea shores. (page 4)
It supports SDSU historical facts and adds further data points to
water content and its evolving conditions. (P 4- 5)
It covers river restoration projects created to clean the head in
waters in the Sea that are in compliance of the Federal clean
water Act

the publication)
The data is sourced and approved by California Environmental
Protection Agency and the Regional Water Quality Control
Board which is a government source.
topic
The CEPA and the RWQCB both control aspects of the
Transboundary watershed of the lower Colorado basin. The
Salton Sea is the terminal lake that sits and bottom of that basin
-265 feet below sea level. The sea water condition and the
contents are under these authorities and organizations. To
register the Salton Sea as a carbon sequestration point would
require their support since it would impact the levels and
condition of the water that would be needed. The Data collected
by these organizations further supports the volume and quality
of water entering the sea. This further supports the volume of
sequestered carbon.
3
An effect use of open water; Floating Amsterdam (2012)
Source :Vitruvius

September 2012
Retrieved from
http://www.vitruvius.com.br/revistas/read/projetos/12.141/4462/
en
in the source
The information and data shows an effective modern use of a
fluctuating body of water. It demonstrates that there is an
economic opportunity and ecological value to add surface cover
over the water. This cover does reduce carbon emission from
surface evaporation. The longevity and counting expansion
indicate that the long term concerns of using surface water have
been overcome.
the publication)
Projetos | Projects, is the source of the data that is shared by
monthly journal available on internet through Vitruvius, a
webpage specialized in architecture and urbanism of Romano
Guerra Publishers.
The Projetos magazine is associated with ARLA – Asociación
de Revistas Latinoamericanas de Arquitectura. This site is an
internet based publishing company in Romano Guerra
established in 2000.
The chief editors in charge:

Abilio Guerra, Flavio Coddou, Marcio Cotrim e Silvana
Romano Santos.
Vitruvius Online Reviews are cited and referenced by numerous
other sources around the world since 2000. The reviews are
owned by The Entrevista magazine which is associated with
ARLA – Asociación de Revistas Latinoamericanas de
Arquitectura.
topic
This data collected from the project justifies the use of surface
water as functional place to build, live and by default sequester
carbon by reducing evaporation. Using the surface water to float
functional island or generate solar power has shown it to be an
effect way to reduce surface water evaporation. This water
cover reduces the need for refilling lakes. The islands provide a
financial way to monetize the sequestration of carbon by
funding islands that reduce evaporation, restore habitat and
vegetation for further sequestration of carbon. The
Improvements of the land and water conditions has improved
the quality of life for the resident, the water conditions have
improved water life further increasing carbon sequestration.
4

Restoring the Frasier River valley (2016)
Source: Nonprofit organization government funded
retrieved from
http://www.b-e-f.org/project-portfolio/fraser-river/
in the source
The project covers the afforestation and restoration of large
section land that parallels the Colorado river. Its success
demands its program be replicated wherever possible. The
project calculates the value of carbon sequestration to the
environment. The improved soil has retained more moisture,
generating more local active weather, morning fogs and restored
life to the forested valley. The combination of trees and water
has increase the total carbon value of the project.
the publication)
PROJECT PARTNER: Colorado Water Trust, Colorado Water
Conservation Board, and Winter Park Ranch Water and
Sanitation District, are both organizations that have a long
history dating back to the late 1800.
START UP DATE: 2013
topic

Carbon sequestration in natural form is well understood. The
Colorado Water Trust and the Colorado Water Conservation
projects lend further evidence to the positive value made to the
climate and the natural environment with carbon projects.
5
Explaining carbon sequestration
Source: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
https://www.usgs.gov/faqs/what-carbon-sequestration?qt-
news_science_products=0#qt-news_science_products
government source
in the source
The source covers Carbon sequestration and Carbon dioxide
which is the most commonly produced greenhouse gas. It
describes the methods used to identify the element, the primary
sources of the element, and the methods nature uses to balance
its levels in air, water, soil and vegetation. The source provides
credible fact and evidence of climate change and its impact on
the globe.
the publication)

The USGS was created by an act of Congress in 1879. It is the
sole science agency for the Department of the Interior. The
agency is sort out by thousands of partners and customers for its
natural science expertise and its vast earth and biological data
holdings. The agency core competency is to provide science
about the natural hazards that threaten lives and livelihoods, the
water, energy, minerals, and other natural resources people rely
on. In Addition it is tasked with reporting the health of our
ecosystems and environment, and the impacts of climate and
land-use change.
topic
Understanding of the basic element and how it's generated, both
natural and manmade, is required to understand how to manage
it effectively. These sources identify the element and its cause.
Further data studies show the health impacts are very real, but
are also very manageable. The data from these sources supports
the need to address the health and safety of highly exposed local
residents. It further support the need to utilize the large sea as a
carbon sequestration trap.
6
Capture and secure carbon

Source: United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
January 2017
Government source
https://archive.epa.gov/epa/climatechange/carbon-dioxide-
capture-and-sequestration-overview.html
in the source
The EPA archives are a reliable source of global carbon dioxide
data. The source covers the basic structure of carbon dioxide
and the capture and sequestration process.
The papers found on this site discuss how Carbon dioxide (CO2)
capture and sequestration (CCS) could play an important role in
reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The source goes into detail
about the tradition storage method of injecting gas in caves or
underground tunnels. Their conclusions from data studied shows
that Carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and sequestration (CCS) can
significantly reduce emissions.
the publication)
The mission of EPA is to protect human health and the
environment of the US. It's the primary source of federal
environmental policies that are replicated all over the world. Its
archive data sources are extensive and are aggregated from both
its internal sources and certified external sources.

This is a government source
topic
In order to understand the scope of the issue large data sets
would have to be reviewed. Alternatively the EA has already
assed established values and threshold for carbon in the
environment. The same agency has expended time effort and
money to provide the best of breed practices for carbon
sequestration. The EPA is the most respected environmental
agency in the world; they provide the accepted models for
carbon levels associated with health and safety. The report
further validates the theory that the Salton sea is an Ideal
carbon trap.
7
Global Temperature changes across the US
Source: United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
August 2016
https://www.epa.gov/climate-indicators/climate-change-
indicators-us-and-global-temperature
in the source
The EPA comprehensive climate data shows the US and global

temperatures around the world. The government agency use
NOAA certified data to generate report that supports the
reduction of greenhouse gases (GHG). The data shows the need
for fast action to reduce global warming caused by carbon
dioxide in the air. The EPA site also explains the importance of
carbon dioxide in the air and how concentrations can increase
heat or create cold spots by deflecting heat.
the publication)
The mission of EPA is to protect human health and the
environment of the US. It's the primary source of federal
environmental policies that are replicated all over the world. Its
data sources are aggregated from both its internal sources and
certified sources.
Government source
topic
This data source supports carbon sequestration as an effective
GHG tool. The source reports on the global effects of carbon on
the plant The data supports and encourages a rapid change in
energy production that has a reduction in GHG. This data set
supports the thesis to sequester carbon where ever possible. The
data shows that all sequestration sources are important and
lends support to the total carbon tons sequestered in both its

water and bio mass.
8
The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United
States: A Scientific Assessment”
Source: U.S. Global Change Research Program
https://health2016.globalchange.gov/
in the source
Global Impact on human health organization
the publication)
The U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) was
established by Presidential Initiative in 1989 and mandated by
Congress in the Global Change Research Act (GCRA) of 1990
to “assist the Nation and the world to understand, assess,
predict, and respond to human-induced and natural processes of
global change.” it produces findings from over 13 Federal
Agencies that conduct or use global research.
topic
Carbon dioxide is a planet killer and it would make the

environment even more hostile to human life. Research from
USGCRP shows that the more carbon is sequestered the better
the environment and more stable and predictable the planets'
weather becomes. The data shows the climate health and human
health are symbiotic and very connected. The research shows
the as GHG increase health and safety are impacted, more
deaths, and more birth defects are reported. The Data is a great
improvement over the last decade, but it shows the need to
move more urgently and sequester or reduce the carbon foot
print in order to survive.
(Optional)
9
The connection between climate and health
Source: California Department of Public Health
March 2018
https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/OHE/Pages/CCHEP.aspx
in the source
Local impact on City health is a new mandate developed by the
state of California. The data generated by the California
Department of Public Health (CDPH) maps health effects across
local statewide locations. The information collaborates the

health effect of atmospheric gases on health and safety of those
exposed to GHG.
the publication)
California Department of Public Health (CDPH) works to
protect the public's health in the Golden State and helps shape
positive health outcomes for individuals, families and
communities. The Department's programs and services,
implemented in collaboration with local health departments and
State, Federal and private partners, touch the lives of every
Californian and visitor to the state 24 hours a day, 7 days a
week. The department sources its data from accredited Federal
and State agencies. The leadership developed the Climate
Change and Health Equity Program (CCHEP)
topic
The Climate Change and Health Equity Program data shows
significant impact of GHG in disenfranchised cities. The data
supports the theory that GHG does impact human health where
there are concentrations. The data and findings support the
theory that carbon sequestration will reduce the amount of GHG
that will collect and concentrate in local areas, so it's important
for the health and safety of local neighborhoods that sea be used
as a carbon sink.

(Optional)
10
US Bureau of Reclamation report on the Salton sea (2015)
Government agency
Source :
https://www.usbr.gov/lc/region/saltnsea/finalreport/index.html
in the source
A report on the expect effects of the sea death modeled on the
computer using real data. This report used models that show
how the region is impacted by the drying sea
the publication)
US Bureau of Reclamation is responsible for the interior waters
and lands of the US and is an accredited arm of the federal
government. Data from these ageneses are collected using
federal mandated standards found the 40 CFR sections 58 of the
US federal regulations and standards. These standards require
that data collected is accurate and verifiable.
topic

Sea size, water quantities and quality data is source from this
agencies data files. This information used to calculate the
metric tons of carbon current sequestered in the ocean. The
Math model shows that 1,728,5985.8 metric tons of total carbon
is currently sequestered in the ocean.
(
Table
1
)
Task 2Salton Sequestration project (SSP)
Statement:
The Salton Sea in California and its surround land are ideal as
natural carbon traps and should be recognized and protected as
such, because protecting the water of the sea from evaporation
would sequester carbon and improve the climate, and also
improving the health, and safety of its residents. Preface:
Identification of the Salton Sea as a carbon sequestration credit
5 does not entitle it to benefit from carbon credits. To
accomplish this theory and maintain sequestration of carbon in
the sea, the sea must be registered as a carbon asset. This is

accomplished by creating a sequestration project with the
carbon sequestration project6. This project will be called The
Salton Sequestration project (SSP).
Acronyms
HFC
Hydrofluorocarbon primary source mobile air-condition units
and a very powerful Green House Gas
GHG
Green House Gas, a term used to describe a group of pollution
types associated with global warming. This group is comprised
of methane, Ozone/03, VOC, HFC, SO2, S0 and a few more and
largest contributor of all is C02.
EPA
Environmental protection agency, this is a government agency
responsible for the safety of US water and air resources.
MAF
Million Acre feet. This is the term used to describe large
quantities of water. One acre feet is 0.28 million gallons. 1
million acre feet will be 280,025.9 million gallons
NAAQS
National Ambient Air Quality Standards, these are the
summarized standards of measure used by the nation to
benchmark exposure. These are also known as Criteria Air

Pollutants
TCO2e
Total CO2 ton per year
SDSU
SSP
Salton Sequestration project
USGS
The United States Geological Survey is one scientific agency of
the United States government.
O3
Also known as Ozone3 is yet another player in the GHG soup of
gases, Ozone is created from Voc and other uncombusted fuels s
in the air. This conversion happens by sunlight and other
organic molecules that hitch rides on pollution particles in the
air Introduction
The Salton Sea existence has been maintained primarily by
agricultural return flows from the Imperial, Coachella, and
Mexicali Valleys. The Salton Sea is a Transboundary
Watershed; it is the Region’s Priority Watershed. The watershed
is located in the Sonoran desert region in the southeastern
corner of California, encompasses one-third of the Colorado
River Basin Region (about 8,360 square miles), and contains
five (out of a total of six) of the Region’s 303(d) Listed
impaired surface water bodies for the local industry [1]. In 1924

and 1928, President Warren G. Harding, and then President
Coolidge executed Public Water Reserve Order Numbers 90 and
114, respectively, for withdrawal of 123,360 acres of public
land lying at an elevation of 220 feet below MSL, in and
surrounding the Salton Sea. These lands were designated as a
repository to receive and store agricultural, surface, and
subsurface drainage waters. The State of California designated
the Sea for this same purpose in 1968 [1, 2]. In 2015 the Salton
Sea contained 1,728,595.8 metric tons of sequestered CO2 (total
C02). See table, sourced from USGS national water information
systems for the Salton Sea.Goal
The SSP project will address the effective use of natural and
manmade sinks where water preservation, dust, CO2,
sequestering and reducing all other GHG emissions is the goal
[3].
The goal of the project is to cover up to 100 thousand acres of a
236,800-acre open body of water with functional floating
islands [4]. Some islands will target water treatment, new
vegetation as well as energy generation; both types will prevent
surface water evaporation and the releasing of sequestered
carbon.Benefits
This project has both short term and long-term benefits. The
long-term benefits are the reduction of NAAQS violations
which impact the local and regional public health [7]. The
Project will further reduce long-term critical pollutants from

local air [9], reducing hospitalizations associated with
respiratory issues [8]. The project will increase local and
regional land values. The long-term improvement of the water
will revive the fish and wildlife gaming and license revenue.
The Project short term will be major factor in the boost of
tourism. The additional long-term effects of the project will be
on microclimates with an expected reduction of extreme
temperatures, growth in conserved habitat for migratory birds,
endangered and threatened species [10].
The positive environmental impact of the project falls under two
categories habitat restoration and water quality improvement.
Studies performed by SDSU show the increase in habitat
improves local and migrating bird survivability [1, 2], the
increased vegetation removes nutrients, sequesters salt and
other toxins improving water quality ensuring a safer food
supply for local and migrating birds. The increase in water
surface cover reduces surface water evaporation enabling the
lake to reach aqua equilibrium with its 8100 square mile
drainage basin. The result is a controllable terraformed
region.The Carbon Project
The project activity starts by creating interlinked functional
floating islands that cover the water surface of the Salton Sea.
These islands will create a lattice frame containing planting
areas for tolerant plants for the region. The planted island will
have smaller sections or platforms for support equipment. Some

Islands can be configured as open spaces for specific bird type,
or used as a mixed habitat to support multiple compatible
colonies .
In all cases these Islands will support equipment that uses solar
power for service functions such as lights, communications, and
water aeration pumps.
Larger, more human service, functional islands can generate
more power for computer farms, tourism business, and water
desalination from the local geo thermal heat and by floating
solar power plant arrays that cover more surface area and
further reduce the evaporation. The larger floating solar station
can be supported with clean hydro storage or liquid air for
power normalization and solar down times.
The islands physical surfaces size and their ability to recycle
surface evaporation [3] will reduce over 500,000-acre ft of
annual water surface evaporation. After maturity the plant life
grown in the lattice on the islands will naturally absorb
nutrients from the water, Some plant types such as mangroves
can actually sequesters salt in the bark, while still being a good
source to sequesters CO2 in its vegetation.
The Island size and location on the surface, along with the
vegetation will further capture the morning fog that happens
most mornings across its surface, this is a source of pure salt
free water that will further improve water quality around the
island and expand over time to cover a large region of fresher

water that will hold more bio life and further carbon storage.
The additional vegetation will naturally improve air quality and
capture additional C02 in the water biomass further more each
island reduces CO2 emissions due to evaporation of the Sea.
The project will also develop tree farms on Islands and public
lands in one acre parcels each sequestering 50.8 additional
metric tons of CO2 or 186 TCO2e per year. Manage crisis
The goal of the project is to change the industry practice; which
in this the area is to allow 1.3-1.5 million acre feet to evaporate
each year [1, 2, and 10]; this large scale evaporation contributes
to the total GHG emissions [7] from the state due to the
sequestered storage size, its daily sequestration mechanism. The
project will mitigate the surface evaporation using practiced
methods that have science and experience to ensure a successful
generational project [4]. These project examples [4] have shown
that they are effective at reducing surface evaporations through
the islands mechanical effect, but also effective in local water
improvement through its root vegetation. In the mean time both
the exposed and covered water surface and the entire bio mass
in the sea continues to capture and sequester carbon.
The SSP project will negate the requirement for the local
industry to change any practice other than the type of
management, rather than manage and over see crisis and death,
they can manage growth.Project Features
The primary source of the sink is the existing 370 sq mile main

body of water and the biomass 1,728,595.8 TCO2e contained in
the water. Table 1 shows total C02 content, water amount and
other details sourced from the USGA. The table shows the
amount of total tons of carbon at risk in the waters of the sea.
SSP plan to generate new plants on floating islands structures
creates opportunities to clean up the water, the shore line area
and even the sediment on the bottom, take the contaminated
byproducts found in water and sediment and encase them into
floating functional island that help maintain the growth and
safety of the sea. By cleaning the water the economical area
will improve, this influx will further generate more bio mass
sequestration in the area.
The Salt content of the sea is quite high due to soil leaching
practices and the sheer length of the Colorado River that
terminates at the sink. This river along with two others, the
white and the Alamo River from Mexico, dump large quantities
if salt into the sea each year. This salt can be once extracted can
be used for ground or other structure on a floating island.
The soil used for planting on the islands can be source from bio
char from local farms or from cleaned sediment taken from the
bottom of the sea. Empirical data show that trees do create their
own climate, and this rule follows for small forest. Water
capture by leaves and soil during evaporation cycles and used
on these islands to water plants will eventually filter through
the island growth and return to the Salton sea as clean salt free

water.
Water retention due to mitigated of evaporation will sequester
and capture new GHG and maintain sequestered CO2 in and on
6 MAF of water.Advantages
The estimated amount of CO2 emissions reduced by each 1 acre
project is projected to be 7.92 tons per year.
Identifying the Salton Sea as a carbon credit source will enable
the California state to meet Part 2 of Division 26 of the Health
and Safety Code, relating to greenhouse gases. "The state board
is required to adopt a statewide greenhouse gas emissions limit
equivalent to the statewide greenhouse gas emissions level in
1990 to be achieved by 2020 and to adopt rules and regulations
in an open public process to achieve the maximum,
technologically feasible, and cost-effective greenhouse gas
emissions reductions." This will also contribute to the
Renewable Energy Transmission Initiative 2.0. The State has
also committed to GHG reductions in various senate and house
bills such as California Senate Bill 375; this bill recognizes the
detrimental effects of air pollution on the community and
commits funding to address this; California Senate Bill 535
recognizes that pollution travels and concentrates far from the
source and these concentrations show health effects that are
real. Both of the bills target money and dates to reduce and
sequester carbon, the SSP project would move the state closer to
its GHG reduction goal with a project that has sustainability,

and has numerous other benefits to the health and safety of the
local citizens.
Salton Sea Water Sample (2009)
Seawater feed 1,4
MW (g/mole)% HCO
3
by weight
% C by weight
On site lab TDS (mg/liter)52,155
Analytical lab TDS (mg/liter)49,100
Bicarbonate (mg/Liter) carbonate was
minimal217.0162.10.44%0.09%
Salton Sea Water (2015)
USBR TDS (mg/liter)57,000
Assuming same HCO
3
concentration217.0162.10.44%0.09%
Non biomass carbon content of Salton Sea
water0.049589412g/liter
Non biomass CO
2
equivalent in Salton Sea water0.181698479g/liter
Current elevation of Salton Sea (5 March 2016)-233.9feet
MSLUSGS National Water Information System Salton Sea data

Volume of Salton Sea at current elevation6,059,059acre-
feetFrom Salton Sea Accounting Model (USBR)
Volume of Salton Sea at current
elevation7,473,784,071,743litersUnit conversion
Surface Area of Salton Sea at current
elevation219,861acresFrom Salton Sea Accounting Model
(USBR)
Salton Sea annual evaporation rate68inches/yrFrom Salton Sea
Accounting Model and original study
Salton Sea annual evaporation rate5.67feet/yrUnit conversion
Evaporation loss from Salton Sea at current
elevation1,245,879acre-feet/yrThis rate will diminish as surface
area decreases and as salinity rises
Evaporation loss from Salton Sea at current
elevation1,536,778,338,933liters/yrUnit conversion
Oct 2014 elevation of Salton Sea-233.9feet MSLUSGS National
Water Information System Salton Sea data
Volume of Salton Sea6,059,059acre-feetFrom Salton Sea
Accounting Model (USBR)
Volume of Salton Sea7,473,784,071,743litersUnit conversion
Surface Area of Salton Sea219,861acresFrom Salton Sea
Sep 2015 elevation of Salton Sea-234.6feet MSLUSGS National
Water Information System Salton Sea data
Volume of Salton Sea5,905,714acre-feetFrom Salton Sea

Volume of Salton Sea7,284,634,664,470litersUnit conversion
Surface Area of Salton Sea218,238acresFrom Salton Sea
2014 - 2015 Salton Sea volume loss153,345acre-feet
2014 - 2015 Salton Sea volume loss189,149,407,273liters
2014 - 2015 Salton Sea surface area loss1,623acres
Total non biomass carbon content in Salton Sea
water370,620.6metric tons
Total non biomass CO
2
equivalent in Salton Sea water1,357,975.2metric tons
Total non biomass carbon release from Salton Sea
water9,379.8metric tons
Total non biomass CO
2
equivalent release from Salton Sea water34,368.2metric tons

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