work in english

1. Class: English
Grade & Group: 1° A
Semester: 1
Teacher: Dulce Angelica Hernandez Jacobo
Third Parcial
Date: 13/November/2013

2. City of Team:
Nogales, Sonora, Mexico
Enjoy the Exposition

3. History of Nogales, Sonora

Heroica Nogales (Spanish
pronunciation: [eˈ
ɾoika noˈ
ɣales]), more
commonly known as Nogales, is a city and the
county seat of the Municipality of Nogales. It is
located on the northern border of the Mexican
state of Sonora. The city is abutted on its north by
the city of Nogales, Arizona, United States, across
the U.S.-Mexico border.

The independent Nogales Municipality, which
included the town of Nogales, was established on
July 11, 1884.The Nogales Municipality covers an
area of 1,675 km². Nogales was declared a city
within the Municipality on January 1, 1920.

4. The Battle of Ambos Nogales

The Battle of Ambos Nogales (lit. The Battle of
Both Nogales), or as it is known in Mexico La
batalla del 27 de agosto (lit. "The Battle of 27
August"), was an engagement fought on 27
August 1918, between Mexican forces and
elements of United States Army soldiers of
the35th Infantry, who were reinforced by
the Buffalo Soldiers of the 10th Cavalry, and
commanded by Lt. Col. Frederick J. Herman.
The American soldiers and militia forces were
stationed inNogales, Arizona and the Mexican
soldiers and armed Mexican milita were
in Nogales, Sonora.

5. This occurred after the Zimmermann
telegram during World War I when the international
border between the two Nogales was a wide open
boulevard named International Street. There had
been several previous fatal incidents in this area
which helped increase international tensions and
leading to armed conflict. This included the claim of
Germanmilitary advisors as agitators with Mexican
Villa rebels, claims of racism and border politics. As
a result of this 27 August 1918 battle, the U.S. and
Mexico agreed to divide the two border communities
with chain-link border fence, the first of many
permanent incarnations of theU.S.-Mexico border
wall between the two countries.

6. Demographics
 The population growth is in part due to the influx of
industry that has come since the opening of
the maquiladoraindustry through the National
Industrialization Program, decades before
the North American Free Trade
Agreement(NAFTA). Manufacturing now accounts
for 55% of the city's gross domestic product, and
services are growing as well, most of this caused
by the growing jobs in the city.


7. Monuments
 At the center of Nogales, there is the Plaza de
Benito Juarez. Here there is a statue with two
leading figures designed by Spanish sculptor
Alfredo Just. This is a tribute to Mexican President
Benito Juarez, and the other is the "Monument to
Ignorance", where a naked man who represents
the Mexican people is fighting with a winged
creature that represents ignorance


8. Economy
 The primary commercial artery is Mexico Federal
Highway 15, which links the state with the U.S. as
well as major cities in Mexico.
 Tourism
 Due to its location, Nogales is one of the most
important ports of entry for U.S. tourists. The
downtown area consists of bars, strip clubs, hotels,
restaurants, and a large number of curio stores, which
sell a large variety of artesanias (handicrafts, leather
art, handmade flowers, clothes) brought from the
deeper central and southern states of Mexico. Local
dishes commonly available in restaurants include
many types of antojitos (Mexican food) such as
enchiladas, tacos, burritos with carne machaca (dried
meat), menudo and tamales.[7]


9. Manufacturing
 Maquiladoras, or manufacturing plants, employ a
large percentage of the population. Nogales'
proximity to the U.S. and the abundance of
inexpensive labor make it an efficient location for
foreign companies to have manufacturing and
assembly operations. Some of the companies that
have established maquiladoras in Nogales
include: Otis Elevator, The Chamberlain Group,
Walbro, and Philips Avent.


10. Production and export
 Approximately 92 establishments produce foreign
exports. Sixty-five of these establishments are
located in seven industrial parks, which employ
approximately 25,400 workers, around 50 percent
of the total employed population of the
municipality.[7] Also important to the economy is
livestock for both foreign export and cattle
breeding.


11. Agriculture
 Produce is one of Mexico's largest imports into the
United States and the Mariposa Port of entry, at
Nogales, is the most widely used route for
produce destined for the U.S. It is estimated that
over 80 percent of Americas produce passes
through Nogales each year. The produce industry
requires facilities for the storage, packing,
transport and logistics of these goods and
provides many with employment on both sides of
the border. November through March represent
peak harvesting season and it is during these
months when jobs are abundant and importation is
at its highest.


12. Municipal government[edit]
 The Nogales Municipality was governed by
the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) for its
entire history until the 2006 elections, when power
shifted to the National Action Party (PAN). After
more than ten decades of being in power, the PRI
was ousted by PAN when long-time successful
businessman and philanthropist Marco Antonio
Martínez Dabdoub ran for the presidency of
Nogales, winning by 30,000 votes over his PRI
opponent.


13. Monument to
Benito Juarez
The tomb of Felix B. Penaloza (Mayor of
Nogales, Sonora, in August 1918) at the
Panteon de los Heroes, Heroica
Nogales, Sonora, Mexico.

14. A close up of the Battle of Ambos
Nogales Memorial in Heroica Nogales,
Sonora. "August 27th, 1918: Dedicated
to the citizens who fell fulfilling their
[patriotic] duties."

15. Mural on the Nogales, Sonora side of the US-Mexico
border. It depicts the harsh realities of illegal
immigrants travelling through the Sonoran desert.
The wall itself, at this location, is constructed of
Korean War-era perforated steel matting used as
makeshift runways and landing strips

16. Monument to the Mexican participants of
the Battle of Ambos Nogales located just
south of the border on Calle Adolfo
Lopez Mateos in Nogales, Sonora.

17. Thanks For Watching this Exposition
 Members
 Garcia
of White Team:
Flores Guadalupe Milagros
 Llanos Hermosillo Jose Maria
 Molinares Zarate Carlos Andres
 Valdez Mendivil Paul
 Verdugo Moroyoqui Miguel Angel
 Zarate Quiñonez Jose Guadalupe