1. LIB 610 Collection Management Summer 2009 Needs Assessment in the Media Center

2. June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 2 Needs assessment? What is needs assessment? Needs assessment is about identifying the needs of the local population, so that services can be planned and delivered to meet those needs. Local needs assessment will help to establish the extent and nature of the drug problem in an area, describe the socio-demographic profile of users and examine the common referral routes. This will help build up a picture of the needs of the population. Needs assessment is an integral part of other strategic initiatives, such as reducing waiting times. Effective Interventions Unit Guide to Needs Assessment Summary

3. June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 3 A library-related definition assessment Quantitative and qualitative measurement of the degree to which a library’s collections, services, and programs meet the needs of its users, usually undertaken with the aim of improving performance. Assessment is accomplished by various methods, including direct observation, analysis of feedback obtained through interviews, user surveys, testing, etc. When conducted by the library, rather than an outside agency, the process is known as self-assessment. See also: Measurement, Assessment, and Evaluation Section; outcomes assessment; and quality of service.

4. June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 4 Needs Assessment in LMC? What is needs assessment? Needs assessment is the process of collecting and analyzing information that can then be used in decision making. It’s likely that you’ll want to conduct needs assessments in many areas of your program. You can conduct a formal or informal needs assessment. Library Media Program: Program Analysis

5. June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 5 Informal assessment What’s an informal needs assessment? Library media specialists are constantly doing simple needs assessment when they identify a problem, establish a goal, and develop a solution to fill in the gap. What’s the situation? - Where are you now? What does the situation (i.e., event, collection, staffing) look like? Where do I want to be? - Where do you want to be (i.e., successful event, quality collection, productive staff)? What’s the solution to fill the gap? - Where are the gaps and the priorities? Is there a difference between where you are and where you’d like to be? Library Media Program: Program Analysis

6. Consider the age of the collection! Age of materials important In a small school library or a small public library, materials are usually evaluated on their current usefulness and their level of circulation. The mission of such libraries is typically to provide up-to-date, popular materials. Except for a few classics, books that no longer reflect up-to-date facts or the current thinking about a subject do not fit into the mission of such a library. In most cases, books that have not circulated in five years also may not fit the mission. Collection Assessment and the Collection Development PolicyAlternative Basic Library Education (ABLE) Course 2: Collection Assessment June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 6

7. June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 7 Remembering the LMC context Curriculum Clients Community Carol L. Tilley, Syllabus for L595 Collection Analysis for School Library Media Specialists (Web-Based Workshop)

8. From Beyond Proficiency Program Evaluation Rubric June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 8

9. Collection Development Concerns Criteria for concerns: Content Curricular correlation Community Cost and container Alice Yucht, Collection Development Concernsrepublished from Teacher-Librarian, December 2000 in Alice in InfoLand June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 9

10. Curricular Concerns June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 10

11. June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 11 Curriculum and Collection Curricular Correlation: Does this material complement, enrich, and extend the educational goals, philosophies, and curriculum of the school and the district? Do you know what new topics are being covered in your classrooms, and do you have materials to support those topics? Are you communicating with your teachers about current and future resource requirements? Don’t wait for the teachers to tell you what they will need: sometimes they haven’t had time to think that far ahead. Alice Yucht, Collection Development Concerns

12. June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 12 Curriculum mapping curriculum mapping Comparing the quality and quantity of materials in a school library’s collection with the content of the school’s curriculum at all grade levels to reveal strengths and weaknesses, facilitate collection development, and identify areas that need weeding.

13. Advice on curriculum mapping June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 13

14. Step one in collection development June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 14

15. A vital collection/curriculum link No Child Left Behind June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 15 Beth Yoke, Executive Director, YALSA

16. June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 16 Karen R. Lowe Library/Media Consultant

17. What is the shelf list? shelflist A nonpublic catalog of a library collection containing a single bibliographic record for each item, filed in the order in which the items are arranged on the shelf (usually by call number), used for inventory because it contains the most current information on copy and volumeholdings. Card shelflists are being phased out by libraries that have converted their catalogs to machine-readable records. June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 17

19. Titlewise? TitleWise® TitleWise takes the guesswork out of collection development. It is the quickest, easiest, and most comprehensive online collection analysis tool available! This service is available at no charge to all Follett Library Resources customers. Within minutes of sending us your data, you’ll receive reports detailing the make-up of your collection (paying special attention to those age-sensitive Dewey ranges), comparing your collection to other grade-appropriate recommended school library collections, and detailing incomplete records. TITLEWAVE, TitleWise, TitleCheck & QuizCheck June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 20 Paper Sculptures

20. Using the Titlewisetool Collection Mapping . . . select your automation system under “Circulation System Export Instructions.” You are instructed to pull up all your holdings (or the section you want analyzed), select “all,” name your file, and save to a disk or even the desktop (which is probably the easiest way to do it). Once that step is complete, you export the file you saved. An eighteen-page analysis is returned in minutes. The cover sheet declares it to be a Title Wise Collection Analysis with your school’s name printed on it. The complete analysis is ideal to share with your administration along with a suggested plan for how to bring the collection up to date. From School Librarian’s WorkshopJune 2004. June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 21

21. Sample Curriculum Mapping Template Curriculum-Collection Map Template Word (296 Kb) Library media specialists are encouraged to use this form to create a curriculum map, which will provide a snapshot of the implemented curriculum in their school, and a collection map which will provide a snapshot of how the current library resource collection can support the school 's curriculum. LMS Word format (155 Kb) June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 22

22. Clients June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 23

23. Step 2 in collection development June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 24

24. Alice Yucht on Client Needs Content: Is this material appropriate for the age, emotional development, ability levels, learning styles, and social development of the students in *this* school, at *this* time? Keep in mind that we are being paid to provide relevant resources, not administer an archive. One particular middle school’s book collection had some glaring gaps as well as aging artifacts – the building had been a Junior/Senior (gr. 7-12) high for many years; . . . and nothing had ever been weeded! Have you carefully checked the age-appropriateness and relevancy of those URL’s, AND posted a disclaimer on your website, just in case? Collection Development Concerns June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 25

25. Considering student needs and interests Makes sense Including children’s preferences in the building of school library collections makes sense because children are the actual consumers of the resources. An important part of becoming an effective reader is to be able to select reading materials with relative ease and facility. Regrettably, what children prefer to read is often not available in schools. Thus, every effort should be made to purchase materials that children will actually read and enjoy. Joseph Sanacore, Teacher-librarians, Teachers, and Children as Cobuilders of School Library Collections. Teacher Librarian 33, 5 (June 2006). June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 26

26. How do you discover student interests/needs? Ask them! Informally: Learners . . . benefit from meeting with their teacher or teacher-librarian to talk about books they are currently reading or just finished reading. These conferences help educators gain insights about children’s decoding and meaning-making strategies through such activities as conducting running records, encouraging retellings, and motivating personal responses. These immediate connections to children’s self-selected materials are important venues for determining children's reading interests. Joseph Sanacore, Teacher-librarians, Teachers, and Children as Cobuilders of School Library Collections. June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 27

27. Asking formally June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 28

28. Evidence of student interests/needs Circulation records Through circulation analysis, I could identify strengths and weaknesses from patterns of use, with the goal of making the collection more relevant and responsive to the needs of its users. I could also identify little-used items that could be discarded completely. June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 29

29. Collecting controversial subjects Example: Homosexuality . . . according to the 2003 National School Climate Survey, a biannual study by the Gay, Lesbian and Straight Education Network (see “Out and lgnored,” pp. 46-50) . . . nearly 50 percent of the high school students surveyed say they have no access to gay-related resources in their media centers. June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 30

30. Considering teacher needs Creating a professional collection The professional collection in a school library should be carefully selected to meet the demands of the teachers, administrators, counselors and teacher-librarians who are to use them. The hallmark of an outstanding professional collection in library resource centers is heavy usage of the resources by faculty members (Wilson, 2000). In order to have an outstanding professional collection, the teacher-librarian must identify the needs of the instructional curriculum and identify the teachers’ characteristics, preferred teaching methods, instructional needs and information needs (Van Orden, 1995). Jordan, J. The Professional Collection: The Teachers’ Professional Collection Materials: Stimulating Use. Teacher Librarian [serial online]. December 2001;29(2):18. June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 31

31. The Community June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 32

32. But what is the (a) community? What is a Community? In the physical world, communities are typically groups of people (a town, for instance) held together by some common identity or interest. Coming from two Latin words meaning “with gifts,” the term community suggests a general sense of altruism, reciprocity, and beneficence that comes from working together. Communities help generate a shared language, rituals and customers, and collective memory of those that join the group. 33 June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment

33. Community includes parents Parents can also be clients June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 34

34. Considering community values Reflecting community values or diversity? The librarian’s value judgments must be kept secondary to what the community of patrons wants and demands. It is the community’s values which are primary. Apponequet Regional High School Library. Collection Development and Mission Statements. If education is to be founded on the principle of exposure to diverse ideas, then it is almost mandatory that exposure to controversial material is possible. However, if schools should be a place for transmitting community values, then censorship becomes almost compulsory. Many parents choose schools precisely for the latter purpose. Amanda Credaro©2001. Double Jeopardy: Censorship in School Libraries June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 35

35. A Community Service June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 36

36. Collection Development Humor From Warrior LibrarianOriginal Library Humour: In Dewey (Shelf) Order 025.2 Collection Development Fictional Titles: Books Not Yet WrittenNew Book Titles (Covers)Math For the Masses: Fiction and Non-fictionMore New Books for Realistic LibrariesSerials with Popular AppealThin Books for Busy Librarians June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment 37 <> June 19, 2009 Needs Assessment

37. A Vital Latin Phrase for collection development In response to patron evaluation of a book: “This book sucks” Your response: “Nullusestliber tam malusut non aliqua parte prosit.” Translation: “There is no book so bad that it is not profitable in part.” (Pliny the Younger). Biblia’s Warrior Librarian, “Vital Latin Phrases for Librarians.” 38