health and illness

1. Health and Illness
Chapter 4

2. Definitions
• Health: defined by each person
• WHO: “Health is a state of complete
physical, mental, and social well being, not
merely the absence of disease or infirmity”.
• Disease: pathological change in structure
&/or function
• Illness: response of person to disease

3. MODELS OF HEALTH &
ILLNESS
• Agent-Host-
Environment
• Health/Illness
Continuum
• High-Level Wellness
Model
• Health Belief Model
• Health Promotion
Model

4. FACTORS AFFECTING
Health and Illness
• Physical Dimension
• Emotional Dimension
• Intellectual Dimension
• Environmental
Dimension
• Sociocultural
Dimension
• Spiritual Dimension

5. MORE….
• Basic Human Needs
• Self-Concept: incorporates how the person
feels about self AND the way he/she
perceives his/her physical self (self-esteem
and body image)
• Has both physical & emotional aspects

6. Promoting Health
Preventing Illness
• Risk Factors:
– Age
– Genetics
– Physiologic
– Health habits
– Lifestyle
– Environment

7. Acute Illness
• Generally rapid onset of symptoms
• Last only relatively short time
Illness Behaviors
Stage 1: Experiencing symptoms
Stage 2: Assuming sick role
Stage 3: Assuming dependent role
Stage 4: achieving recovery & rehab

8. Chronic Illness
Physical and mental alterations in health
WITH one or more of the following:
• Permanent change
• Causes or is caused by, irreversible
alterations in normal anatomy and
physiology
• Requires special ed for rehab
• Requires long period of care or support

9. Levels of Preventative Care
• Primary preventative
care
• Secondary preventive
care
• Tertiary preventative
care

10. Levels of Preventative Care
• Primary preventative
care
• Secondary preventive
care
• Tertiary preventative
care