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Presentación de los Microorganisms
1. INTRODUCTION
●
We know that the microorganisms are livings things,
but... What are they? They are harmful or usefull?
What they produce? We are going to know about the
really world of the microorganisms.
2. Microorganisms
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Microorganisms are unicellular or multicellar
organisms, that are microscopic. The study of the
microorganisms is called microbiology. There are
microorganisms:
- Bacteria.
- Archaea.
- Plakton.
3. What is a microbe?
They are the oldest form of life on earth. Microbe
fossils date back more than 3.5 billion years to a
time when the Earth was covered with oceans
that regularly reached the boiling point,
hundreds of millions of years before dinosaurs
lived in the earth.
4. Bacteria
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Bacteria constitute a large domain or kingdom of
prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few
micrometres in length, bacteria have a wide range
of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and
spirals. Bacteria were among the first life forms to
appear on Earth, and are present in most habitats
on the planet. Bacteria inhabit soil, water, acidic
hot springs, radioactive wasteand the deep
portions of Earth's crust. Bacteria also live in
plants, animals.
5. Microorganisms
Humans have been using microorganisms for
thousands of years to make products they need and
enjoy, for example they use fungi to make cheese,
yeast for bread, Lactobacillus bulgaricus for the
yogur, etc...
6. Where they live?
Microorganisms have inhabited the earth longer than any other
being. They were developed when the Earth was a mass of
lava, boiling water, methane, ammonia and other gases. But
now, are in all places. They around us, in the air, the water...
They are into our bodies too, and in our hands, and parts of our
body.
7. Viruses
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A virus is a small
infectious agent that
replicates only inside the
living cells of other
organisms. Viruses can
infect all types of life
forms, from animals and
plants to bacteria
andarchaea. So, when we
are sick, is because a
harmful microorganims is
into our body. But, what
can we do?
8. Antibiotics
Since the first antibiotic was discovered in 1928, many
more have been developed and used to treat bacterial
infections. Some bacteria have mutated and become
resistant to antibiotics, but new drugs are constantly
being developed and tested. The first antibiotic,
penicillin, was discovered by Alexander Fleming in
1928.
9. Alexander Fleming
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Sir Alexander Fleming was a
Scottish biologist,
pharmacologist and botanist.
He wrote many articles on
bacteriology, immunology, and
chemotherapy. His best-known
discoveries are the enzyme
lysozyme in 1923 and the
antibiotic substance penicillin
from the mould Penicillium
notatum in 1928, for which he
shared the Nobel Prize in
Physiology or Medicine in
1945.
11. Yeast
●
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Yeasts are eukaryotic microorganisms classified in
the kingdom Fungi, with 1,500 species currently
described.Yeasts are unicellular. Yeasts, like all
fungi, may have asexual and sexual reproductive
cycles. The most common mode of vegetative
growth in yeast is asexual reproduction by budding.
We can do some diferents aliments or drinks with
the yeast:
Beer, Bread, Nutritional supplements, wine...
13. Chlamydophila pneumoniae
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Chlamydophila pneumoniae is a species of Chlamydophila
bacteria that infects humans and is a major cause of pneumonia. .
In addition to its role in pneumonia, there is evidence associating
C. pneumoniae with atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease and
with asthma. The full genome sequence for C. pneumoniae was
published in 1999. C. n. This atypical bacterium commonly
causes pharyngitis, bronchitis and atypical pneumonia mainly in
elderly and debilitated patients but in healthy adults also.
14. Some Diseases and Infections Caused
by Microbes
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Athlete's foot
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Chickenpox
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Common cold
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Diarrheal diseases
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Genital Hernes
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Malaria
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Tuberculosis
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Vaginal Infections
15. Tuberculosis
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Tuberculosis is a contagious bacterial infection that
mainly involves the lungs, but may spread to other
organs. The most important species of bacteria
causing tuberculosis and representative is
Mycrobacterium tuberculosis or Koch bacilius. The
classic symptoms of tuberculosis are a chronic
cough with blood-tinged sputum, fever, night sweats
and weight loss.
