Essay On The Need For Nurses To Engage In Political...

Essay on The Need for Nurses to Engage in Political...
The Need for Nurses to Engage in Political Involvement There has been a pandemic apathy towards political activism among the nursing fraternity,
despite the fact that politics to a greater extent affects the way these medical practitioners carry out their duty of providing care. Nurses have not seen
any reason for political involvement citing that no direct relationship exists between nursing and political activism (Boswell, Canon and Miller 5). They
claim that nursing is about application and service, demonstration by involvement and more of 'walking the walk' rather than the political 'talking the
talk' (Rains and Barton–Kriese 219). Political activism to them is a waste of the precious time that could be used to provide healthcare to ... Show more
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Apart from the Affordable Care Act, there has been increased government and court involvement in the determination of how healthcare issues are run,
like the recent denial of the nonprofit tax exemption status to some hospitals in Chicago (Bergen 2). These hospitals, which include the Northwestern
Memorial Hospital and the Prentice Women's Hospital, are known to provide important healthcare services to patients who cannot afford to pay the
expensive costs in private hospitals (Bergen 2). These unfavorable healthcare policies among others are bound to be more frequent and the resultant
problems may promote the emergence of other bigger ones unless immediate action is taken. The nurse today can be compared to a person who busies
himself/herself with process of rescuing a situation to the extent that he/she finds no time to investigate the real cause of the problem. If a nurse could
know the real cause of the problem, then he/she would be capable of eradicating it once and for all. This act of finding the real cause of the problem is
what entails political activism and this is what should be running in the blood of every nurse.
Political Activism in Nursing Politics in itself is a means to an end, in which case the end is the formation of a public policy. It is the process of trying
to influence the decision makers in order to implement changes that will improve the lives of communities, populations and clients (Godfrey 84). In
short, politics refers to
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India 's Total India Focused Fund
INTRODUCTION
India has been a focal point of economic development and entrepreneurial ventures in the recent past and continues to attract traction in funding,
fostering and growing startups in the country. To cite a few examples, Sequoia Capital raised its fourth India–focused fund of USD 530 million, chiefly
in the technology, consumer and healthcare sectors. Sequoia Capital's total India–focused funds equals approximately USD 2 billion
(http://yourstory.com/2014/05/sequoia–capital–india–fund/). The Indian Entrepreneurship ecosystem has been witnessing a steady growth be it in the
form of landmark acquisitions, investments or the opening up of an overall opportunity. India's biggest online retailer Flipkart raised $1 billion in fresh
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Indian economy, which contributes to 80 percent of the South–East Asian region's output, is set to grow by 6.4 percent in fiscal year 2015/16
(http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press–release/2014/10/06/led–india–south–asia–economic–growth–accelerate). Since 1991 India has consistently
been among the top 10% of the world's countries in terms of economic growth
(http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/SOUTHASIAEXT/EXTSARREGTOPMACECOGRO/0,,contentMDK:20592481~men
In the agriculture, production and services sectors, India has made remarkable strides in the last two decades becoming the 2nd, 14th and 15th largest
economy respectively (http://www.economywatch.com/indianeconomy/india–development.html). What gives India a competitive edge over other
developing economies is the fact that 63% of its population is in the working age group of 15–59 years. Given that most studies have concluded that
nascent entrepreneurship prevalence are highest in the age bracket 25–34 years, it makes India the cynosure of entrepreneurial and economic
investments from across the world (http://ediindia.ac.in/e–policy/Doc/Draft–National–Entrepreneurship–Policy.pdf).
Government Policies
The newly elected central government in India is serious and active in creating conducive eco system for venture capital in the MSME sector with a
total budget of Rs

How Have Social Policies and Changes to the Australian...
How have social policies and changes to the Australian welfare state affected the aged population.
In 1901 just 4.0% of the Australian population were older people and after two decades this has increased to 6.4%. In 2011 the aged population
continued to increase and reached 14%. The Australian Bureau of Statistics (Abs.gov.au, 2012) indicates that since the baby boomers are now becoming
old, there has been a decrease in fertility rates and an increase in life expectancy. The population of people over 65 years has continued to increase and
it is predicted that it will continue to increase for the next 50 years. As people become older they are more susceptible to becoming sick and in need of
government benefits. Since there is a major ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Joe Hocking defends this significant rise with the fact that our life expectancy has increased as opposed to when the pension was implemented 100
years ago and that our current economy can no longer support the increasing expenditure of the age pension. Even with this cost benefit to our
economy, (Chomik, 2014) points out definite inequalities that would develop from this. For example older people within the workforce are already
often discriminated against when seeking employment as they can be seen as a negative long term investment in terms of training. Joe Hocking's
argument on the rise of life expectancy seems ill supported when considering the fact the financially poor individuals have shown to have a lower life
expectancy in comparison to the rich, thus resulting the inequality of the poor being able to enjoy less years of their retirement.
In conclusion, Income security has had insignificant change however the introduction of compulsory superannuation's are steps forward in trying to
provide adequate standard of livings through privatisation. There are conflicting views over such policies as not everyone has benefited. Australia will
always have some level of unfairness between our social sectors, however the main benefiters of the superannuation guarantee and the age entitlement
to access pensions seems to be the already well–off sectors. Perhaps a way to avoid this is to increase

Policies and Politics of Government in Charge of a Public...
Policies and Politics of Government in Change of a Public Agency:
Government policy can be described as the declaration that defines the objective of the priorities and goals of the government. Since these policies
outline the rules, role, and procedures, they develop a framework in which the government and its citizens can carry out their specific duties. The public
policies are created by all governmental levels and target the entire population or particular groups. The process of developing these policies involves
the engagement of governmental officials and citizens. On the other hand, politics of government provide the platform for the development,
establishment, and implementation of public policy. Therefore, the politics of government are the platform with which public policies are adopted and
implemented. Governmental policies and politics play a critical role in the realization of change in a public agency since the policies are developed and
implemented at various levels (Dukeshire & Thurlow, 2002). Since these policies may range from formal regulations and legislation to informal
guidelines in an agency, understanding them is important in the achievement of change in a public agency. A Public agency basically functions based on
the established policies and politics in the government. Therefore, the accomplishment of the change in a public agency requires an increased
understanding of the politics and policies of government. It's important to understand

Population Dynamics and Its Effects on Climate Change Policy
Population dynamics and its effects of climate change policy Population growth and its effects on climate change have been hotly debated in recent
years by scientists and politicians alike. The Fourth Assessment Report of the IPCC has sparked great interest and concern over climate change and
how it affects countries differently. The concept of environmental justice has focused on climate change's unbalanced effects on developing countries,
whose populations are more vulnerable to climate change. With rapidly growing populations and inadequate resources and technologies, developing
countries have struggled to develop their economy sustainability. The relationship between population and climate change is grossly oversimplified by
the idea that as population increase so does its effect on climate change. Realistically, population and climate change affect each other through
economic trends, development patterns, society, institutions and the government. Population dynamics is not simply the number of people in a given
space. Rather, it is the distribution and continuously changing demographics that make population dynamics a complex but important factor in climate
change policy. In recent climate change and environmental protection discussions, developed countries have strongly suggested or even imposed
environmental policies upon developing countries. This has caused tension and misunderstandings on both sides as developing countries strive for the
economic success of their

Family Structure Trends in Europe Essay
The implication for social policy as a result of the changing face of the 'family' has been enormous. In order to evaluate them adequately, I shall look at
4 main transitory factors which have had, and are continuing to have, implications for social policy, specifically within Europe. These are: Downward
trend in marriages, the rise in single parent/lone parent families, increasing participation of women in the workforce and their consequent economical
success, and the incessantly declining rate of fertility.
The notion of family thirty years ago was relatively simple. A married couple, two children, an extended family in the form of grandparents and even a
pet were seen as constituting the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Also, as divorce rates rise and marriage rates continue to fall, it appears to be a pattern concentrated in the lower strata of society Lewis (1992 In:
Glennester Howard:British Social Policy since 1945 pp 164). Any social policy formed on this basis requires an acute understanding of a scenario that
no longer fits into one basic policy applicable to all, as those from the lower strata of society will look towards the state as means of sustenance. The
question for social policy is whether policies are formed for the re–integration of those who have few means to support themselves, at the same time
acknowledging that any attempt to do so will be contested on the basis that these individual acts require personal, as opposed to public, rectification.
Naturally the disintegration of marriage heralded in a situation that social policy makers have found increasingly difficult to combat; the rise of lone
parent/ single parent families. Traditionally, a single/lone parent family was entitled to government support only when the wife or husband were
widowed. In such circumstances the welfare state took an interventionist stance of supporting the widowed partner, specifically the female; Women
were also granted access to their partners' pension (Glennerstein, pg 169). However, as more marriages begun to break down –and with

Ronald Reagan 's Economic Policies
Although he was a generally controversial president, Ronald Reagan's policy decisions to stimulate economic prosperity, known as Reaganomics, were
legitimately beneficial to the United States of America. First, in order to substantiate the success of Reagan's economic policy decisions one must first
grasp the varying levels of importance for each aspect of his plan. As Reagan's policies were substantial decisions that defined his presidency and
alienated an entire population of more economically liberal people, it makes sense that an understanding of his emphasis on certain decisions would
lead to a more persuasive argument. Next, the negation of well formed and logical criticisms of Reagan's economic policies also lend to the support of
their benefits and success. Acknowledging a sensible counterargument and addressing specific points of critical analysis serves to further enhance the
argument for the success of Reagan's decisions. Furthermore, strong economic growth and the curbing of federal domestic power reinforce the
accomplishments of Reaganomics. Though the U.S. did see economic growth, Reaganomics was not purely an economic plan, as cuts in government
power, not including the military, benefitted the average American citizen. Moreover, Ronald Reagan's economic decisions regarding Soviet foreign
policy were also extremely beneficial to the United States. The tough decisions to further the national deficit proved a worthy sacrifice in pressuring the
collapse

Health Policy And Impact On Vulnerable Populations
Health Policy and Impact on Vulnerable Populations
Tram Nguyen
Arizona State University Health Policy and Impact on Vulnerable Populations (Title) Pneumonia is a form of acute respiratory infection which is
caused by a bacterium called Streptococcus pneumoniae. Pneumonia is transmitted via air–borne droplets from coughing and sneezing, and it may also
spread through blood. In 2015, pneumonia killed 15 percent of all deaths in children under the age of five, becoming the leading cause of death in
children all over the world (World Health Organization [WHO], 2015a). Many efforts were made to reduce the prevalence of pneumonia, including the
free vaccination program in 2011 against pneumonia in Kenya, which is supported by WHO and GAVI Alliance (WHO, 2015b). However, in 2012,
Kenya was still ranked among the 15 countries with the highest number of deaths cause by pneumonia, suggesting problems with current policies
(Onyango, Kikuvi, Amukoye, & Omolo, 2012). This paper will evaluate these existing policies and discuss potential solutions to overcome the
epidemic of pneumonia in Kenya.
Population and Geographic Area
Located in Eastern Africa, Kenya lies across the equator in central Africa. Kenya is surrounded by Somalia to the east, Ethiopia to the north, Tanzania
to the south, Uganda to the west, and Sudan to the northwest. Kenya has a young population of 45,925,301 people with 5.3 percent of the adult
population living with HIV/AIDS in 2014. English and Kiswahili

Outline Of The Policy On The Aging Population
ELDER ABUSE Jennifer Stastny Final Policy Issue Paper May 14, 2015 ABSTRACT Policy changes are needed in order to provide senior citizens
with a safe, quality living environment free from abuse. Changes at federal, state, and local governments are needed to provide the best possible support
and series to the aging population. With the significant increase of older Americans their likelihood of being taken advantage of and mistreated has
risen a great amount. This vulnerable population does not deserve this kind of treatment. We need to be doing whatever it takes to provide these people
with quality health care to ensure safety and good quality of life. This means increasing funding, continuing education for providers and other related
professions, harsher punishments for violators, and strict laws requiring background checks and health assessments before being allowed to care for an
elderly person. The aging population is at high risk of being taken advantage of and mistreated by a caregiver or family member. Elders are the most
vulnerable group of people and are subject to elder abuse in their later years of life. The Administration of Aging refers to elder abuse as the knowing,
intentional, or negligent act that causes harm or serious risk of harm to a vulnerable adult. Every year, hundreds of thousands of older adults are abused,
neglected, and exploited. Unfortunately, a trusted caregiver or a loved one commits most of these heinous acts.

History Of Louisiana Department Of Transportation And...
POLICY MEMORANDUM
To: Secretary, Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development
From: Policy Analyst
Date: December 2, 2016
RE: Complete Streets Policy
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Following the staggering desolation of Gulf Coast hurricanes and levee failures, 2005, Louisiana started undertaking its infrastructure issues, which
includes some very poorly maintained roads and bridges in the state. Louisiana has a backlog of more than $12 billion in needed road repairs, highway
upgrades and bridge work.1 The congestion is just getting so bad in some areas that people are revolting about and it threatens the economic
development of the state. Also, several communities have mega–project needs and desires that push the political candidates and leaders to plan their
developmental plans accordingly.1
In 2009, The Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development(DTOD) convened a Complete Streets Work Group in fulfillment of the request
of the state legislature. This process resulted in the adoption of a Complete Streets Policy for DOTD and the development of a final report, including
recommendations for future actions.2
PROBLEM STATEMENT
Beyond the road reconstruction, in 2012, out of all traffic death, pedestrians accounted for 16.16% which is the 5th highest in the nation and 3rd highest
in the child pedestrian fatality rate.3 This indicates that the state and city developers need to take in account more pedestrian and cycling safety
measures in their city planning and

Population and Family Planning Policy in India
Population and Family Planning Policy in India
Population growth has long been a concern of the government, and India has a lengthy history of explicit population policy. In the 1950s, the
government began, in a modest way, one of the earliest national, government–sponsored family planning efforts in the developing world. The annual
population growth rate in the previous decade (1941 to 1951) had been below 1.3 percent, and government planners optimistically believed that the
population would continue to grow at roughly the same rate.
Implicitly, the government believed that India could repeat the experience of the developed nations where industrialization and a rise in the standard of
living had been accompanied by a drop in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, much was learned about policy and practice from the Jamkhed Project. The successful use of women's clubs as a means of involving women
in community–wide family planning activities impressed the state government to the degree that it set about organizing such clubs in every village in
the state. The project also serves as a pilot to test ideas that the government wants to incorporate into its programs. Government medical staff members
have been sent to Jamkhed for training, and the government has proposed that the project assume the task of selecting and training government health
workers for an area of 2.5 million people.
Another important family planning program is the Project for Community Action in Family Planning. Located in Karnataka, the project operates in 154
project villages and 255 control villages. All project villages are of sufficient size to have a health subcenter, although this advantage is offset by the
fact that those villages are the most distant from the area's primary health centers. As at Jamkhed, the project is much assisted by local voluntary
groups, such as the women's clubs. The local voluntary groups either provide or secure sites suitable as distribution depots for condoms and birth
control pills and also make arrangements for the operation of sterilization camps. Data provided by the Project for Community Action in Family
Planning show that important achievements have been realized in the

John Kingdon's Three Stream Analysis
The Three Streams of Kingdon
Examine the three streams Kingdon has recognized where issues began. Give your opinion on which one most precisely reflects how and why issue
occurs Kingdon has identified the problem, policy, and political as the three streams as to where the problems originated (Jansson 2014). The three
streams are what finally changed public policy that created the momentum to moved the "government agenda" box to the "decision agenda" box that
made it necessary to place an issue on the public policy agenda (John Kingdon's "Three Streams" 2016). When persuading a policy decision maker to
pay attention to one problem over the other is the process of problem stream (Evaluation Based on Theories 2016). How proposals are generated,
debated, revised, and adopted for serious consideration is the policy stream process (Evaluation Based on Theories 2016). What influenced the agendas,
political climate or mood, and the voices of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Whether it may be a group of the population, an agency, or politicians the problem must pose a threat or danger to someone (Jansson 2014). If not
addressed legislators, agency officials, and others are more likely to view it as important and believe that someone will suffer dire consequences when a
condition is looked at as a problem (Jansson 2014). When someone subset of the population is afflicted far more than other portions of the population,
data that is used should argue that a condition is serious by virtue of absolute numbers involved, or that worsening of the problem is steadily (Jansson
2014). If you want to get on the decision makers' agenda policy advocates must place the solution in a favorable light (Jansson 2014). Organizing
demonstrations, picketing, or sit–ins are ways in which policy advocates can create a rukus to get decision makers to pay attention to issues (Jansson

Innovation Diffusion Framework-Policy Adoption
Essay Question 1: Innovation Diffusion Framework–Policy Adoption
Policy diffusion is the study of policy adoption and why state and national governments make certain decisions that they make, and how those decisions
affect policy adoption. The Policy Diffusion Framework examines how the influence of neighboring states and other governments influence each other
to implement different policies. The Framework is a resource policy practitioners use to contrast and explain policy innovation and what factors or
constraints lead government to adopt new policies.
Policy diffusion is defined as the "process by which and innovation is communicated through certain channels over time among the members of a social
system" (Rogers 2003). The Policy Diffusion Framework studies what leads to policy adoption at the local, state, and national level. Diffusion in itself
is a tool that helps lead governments to adopt innovative polices. Several policy scientist will use this model in various applications, but much of the
research that has been conducted analyzes diffusion at the state level. They will analyze when states adopts innovative polices, what leads to this
innovation, which states innovated first, and was the policy successful elsewhere.
Frances and William Berry (1990) political scientist at Florida State University developed three conclusions about how states facilitate policy diffusion.
First, states will learn from one another analyzing the extent of how well a policy

Essay on Population Policy in Aisa
Population Policy in Aisa – China Vs. India
Executive Summary Both China and India are very important countries not only in Asia, but the world. As the largest and second largest population
country in the world, their population policy has great effects on many areas of the world. Such as agriculture, economy, education. Through my
project, we can find out that both China and India spend a lot of efforts in control their population and achieved some goals. China reduced population
growth in the country of 1.3 billion by as much as 300 million people over its first twenty years. Although India has a obvious results in control the
population, it improves the health system and decreases the mortality rate of the country. But ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
However, the government was willing to control the population, the Great Cultural Revolution retard the development of the control the population.
Third period (1977–1988). In 1979, the one child policy was come out. This is also named as the Planned Birth policy. The authorities tightened their
control and limited households to only one child, and in rural areas, the birth of a second child should be spaced 4–5 years from the first. The goal of
this policy was to limit China's population to 1.2 billion by the year 2000. The "LATER, LONGER, FEWER" policy was also having a new definition:
| |Requirements |
|LATER |Delayed marriage and delayed child bearing |
|LONGER |Longer spacing between births |

Richman
IMPLEMENTATION ANALYSIS
The full policy process is often described by the following steps:
1) problem definition
2) alternative generation
3) analysis of alternatives
4) policy adoption
5) policy implementation
6) policy evaluation
While this course has focused on the first three steps, the last three steps are equally important. A thorough policy analysis will include some
consideration of policy implementation, monitoring, and evaluation.
The policy analyst can sketch out an implementation plan for the most highly ranked alternative(s) that considers:
1) relevant actors and their interests
2) required resources and who might provide them
3) facilitators and barriers likely to be encountered
4) reasonable time frame ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The policy was implemented (uniforms were adopted) but the expected change did not occur. The theory that violence occurs due to style of dress is
wrong. There must be some other cause of school violence, which would require a different policy to address.
An implementation failure occurs when the policy is not implemented as intended. For example, the school may adopt a uniform policy, but the
majority of the students ignore it. The level of violence in the school does not change. We still do not know whether adopting school uniforms would
lower the level of violence in the schools; we only know that uniforms were not adopted. FORMATIVE EVALUATION
If adequate monitoring processes are in effect, it should be fairly easy to detect whether a policy has been implemented as intended. This type of policy
monitoring has been referred to as formative evaluation. Formative evaluation documents and analyzes how a policy is implemented, with the objective
of making improvements as the implementation process unfolds. EVALUATION DESIGN
Policy evaluation applies accepted social science research methods to public programs. The same research designs used in laboratory experiments are
not always practicable in the field, but the same principles can guide the planning and execution of policy evaluation.
Before–and–After Evaluation: a policy is evaluated for the changes it has produced since its implementation; the situation is controlled to

Global Population Control and Environmental Policies Essay
Global population control and environmental policies are the subject of international controversy. The rate at which human beings are populating the
earth and polluting it are some of the most important factors that face the global society today. As of March 2009, the world population is about 6.76
billion. With the high rate of population increase, the global population is expected to reach 9 billion by 2040. With the number of people in the world
today and the amount of consumer goods being purchased and used, these factors present a problem to the state of the environment in the near future.
Over the past 50 years, the world's population has more than doubled and more than 1 billion of the world's people do not have enough food to ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These figures strike a resemblance to how fast the earth is gaining population.
Many scientists believe that high–income nations present a much greater threat to the ecosystem because there are more people in these countries
consuming goods at a faster rate than low–income countries. Ecosystems cannot support high rates of population growth combined with environmental
damage. The carrying capacity of the earth's ecosystems are being surpassed and the ecosystems of many nations are being ruined at a very fast pace.
The rate at which country's populations are growing, it will not be very long before many of the carrying capacities are surpassed. Environmental
degradation involves taking natural resources from the environment and re–introducing them to the environment in the form of pollution. One of the
reasons for environmental degradation is greediness. People are trying to maintain high levels of wealth and do not care at what cost to the
environment. The perfect example of this would be the current situation in Fort McMurray, Alberta. The land is being stripped of its natural resources
everyday and is left behind a barren land. The rate at which the air is being polluted in Fort McMurray is triple that of anywhere else in western
Canada. People from all over North America have relocated to Fort McMurray because of the demand of jobs there. Fort McMurray is

Migration And Jap Homogeneity As Policy Amidst An Ageing...
Migration and Japan: Homogeneity as Policy Amidst an Ageing Population
Abstract
The goal of this paper is to provide a summary of migration as it pertains to Japan. First, a brief overview of migration data and trends will be reviewed.
This should provide a useful foundation upon which to further explore more complex issues. Japan's migration policies, practices, and trends are
marked by several notable events. Such topics include the Japanese–Brazilian diaspora, the growing demand for migrant workers amidst Japan's
shrinking population, and Japan's ethically questionable approach to handling matters of refugees.
A Foundational Overview of Migration Data and Trends
The World Bank estimates Japan's Net Migration to be 350 thousand as of 2012 (The World Bank, Net Migration, Japan). Considering the country's
impressive population size of 127.6 million (in 2012) (The World Bank, Population, Japan), that number is considerably low. Compare that, for
example, to the United States, which has a population of 314.1 million (in 2012) (The World Bank, Population, United States) and a Net Migration of
5,007,887 as of 2012 (The World Bank, Net Migration, United States). These numbers illustrate the reality of how few immigrants Japan allows for its
size.
While immigrants still make up a miniscule percentage of Japan's population, the numbers have been growing over the past few decades. According to
the World Bank, in 1985 Japan's total international migrant stock was 850,775

Icrw's Role In Non-Profit Research
Having experience working with federal U.S. policy on Capitol Hill and an interest in promoting rights for women and girls on an international level, I
wanted to learn more about how organizations are advocating for U.S. policies in this area. This led me to the International Center on Research for
Women (ICRW), which is a non–profit research organization that evaluates development programs focused on women and girls and conducts research
on effective strategies to advance gender equality throughout the world.
Although ICRW was unable to provide a shadow experience, I met with ICRW's Advocacy and Policy Engagement team (Senior Policy Associate Lyric
Thompson and Policy Associate Rachel Clement) where I learned how ICRW effectively translates their research into policy objectives, such as ending
child marriage, and strategically advocates for them at various levels of government.
As discussed in class, major policy decisions at multiple levels are now being made within a new, non–traditional, multi–stakeholder model. As Dean
Orr explained, "you must bring the right people into the room to solve problems" and that is no longer just the public sector.1 ICRW's advocacy work
and the strategies they use to engage with other stakeholders is an example of how a non–government organization ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Similar to the strategies discussed in the Multi–Sector Governance lecture, Rachel discussed the importance of transparency, effective communication,
and collaboration between the organizations in order to create change together.4 This includes being open about each organization's priorities and
strengths, as well as gathering input from coalition members before making major decisions. While this process can be lengthy at times, Rachel
attributes the coalition's effectiveness in part to their ability to work together as a team on a common

Australia Population Policy Essay
For the first six decades of Australia's existence, policy was designed to marginalise the Aboriginal population, by increasing the British and British–
descended population, in some cases deliberate exterminate of the Aborigine people occurred (Reynolds, 1987, pp. 52). However, post–World War II,
Australia's population had risen to seven and half million people, only 45 years after federation in 1901. From that point, a 2% growth was adopted,
which involved a large–scale immigration program that continued on with the White Australia policy, until not enough migrants were coming from
north–west Europe areas, which subsequently lead the government to expand their migrant classification to include eastern and southern Europe (Jones,
1996). 70 years after WW2, in Australia's current age, the population has increased to 24 Million and continues to rise. Australia is also yet to
distinguish a population policy, because of the constant disagreement between 'Big ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is due to the various factors that are included in this public policy debate; infrastructure, welfare, infertility, education, resources, migration,
economics, identity and an ageing population are some of the many.
Population Policy can be defined as strategy that government seeks to anticipate and respond to population trends and predictions in the future, the aim
is to also influence factors of population in order to intentionally alter the size or nature of the population (National Population Council, 1992, pp. 9).
The current issue with population policy in Australia, is the discussion between creating a 'Big Australia' or a 'Sustainable Population'. No doubt
Australia is on a rise, with one birth every 1 minute and 44 seconds, one death every 3 minutes and 17 seconds, and one international migration every 2

Implementing Health Care Reform For A State With High...
California rose to the challenge of implementing health care reform in a state with high needs and limited funds by expanding its Medicaid program
(Medi–Cal) and establishing its own marketplace (Covered California). As a result, by June 2014 California 's uninsured rate had dropped from 22% to
11%. However, thoughtful examination of the rollout process reveals avoidable bumps in the road that, if corrected, could , have provided a better
enrollment experience and thus better access to coverage for our most vulnerable populations. In order to assess California 's success in widening the
doorway to Medicaid coverage this report reviews policy decisions that shaped efforts in reaching out to, enrolling, and retaining eligible low–income
Those successes and barriers identified by at least three of the six participating organizations were selected as key successes and barriers.
Outreach: Key informants identified the outreach and education work of community–based organizations as an area of success in California's efforts to
usher eligible consumers to the Medi–Cal doorway. The outreach barriers identified included investments in funding outreach work, DHCS and
Covered California communication with consumers, and the limited availability of enrollment data throughout during the first year of the expansion.
Enrollment: Medi–Cal enrollment figures far surpassed the 1.2 million predictions. By October 30, 2014 2.7 million new residents were enrolled in
Medi–Cal. Key informants unanimously identified this as a success and identified several enrollment policies and the in–person assistance doorway as
important contributors to that outcome. Barriers included the availability of data, DHCS and Covered California communication with consumers,
technology challenges, policy and protocol adherence, and staff training across service channels.
Retention: Key informants agreed that delaying the annual

Managing The Population Through Education And Birth...
When the world celebrated the 7 billionth baby's birth in Manila a few years back, we were stepping in a society with noticeable population explosion.
Those overpopulated societies which can no longer sustain themselves invade the natural environment which belongs to wildlife and over exploit
natural resources for survival. Human beings are supposed to be responsible for the majority of environmental problems, while overpopulation
exacerbates most problems such as pollution, deforestation, global warming, etc. Thus, to save the world from those environmental crises we should
attach more importance on the people that cause them rather than just reply on developing technology to fix the problem its own. Managing the
population through education and birth control policy is what we can do with global joint efforts. Reminding the public of our population problem,
providing an option of birth control to families and guiding the public to live sustainably will slow down the population growth, and hopefully in the
long sense reduce world's population. Most importantly, such declining population which owns greener lifestyle creates a benign and harmonious
relationship with the planet. The UNICEF estimates that an average of 353,000 babies are born each day; this means a baby is born to the world every
two seconds. About 60 years ago, the world's population is less than a half of what it is right now. Therefore, if the population continue to grow with
this rate, the

Sustainable Development Policies Can Reduce Urbanization...
Cities all over the world are developing. This urbanization process is causing a number of problems and can be met by sustainable development
policies. In the beginning, it is important to know what is the reason for urbanization. Most people move to the city because they want to get a better
life. Another important term is a sustainable development. There are some definitions for sustainable development, but simply they say that sustainable
development is a development which using resources now and preserving them for future generations (Adams, 1999, p.137). This concept has been
agreed internationally at a Rio Conference in 1992 to be implemented by all government policies which mostly known as "Agenda 21" principles
(Adams, 1999, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the developing countries, the urban population is increasing 500% while in the developed countries only 200% at the same period. In Africa, the
number of people who live in cities might increase two–fold by 2010 than in 1950 (Bilham–Boult, Blades, Hancock, Keeling, and Ridout, 1999, p.
127). To conclude, these trends show that urbanization and the problems with it such as traffic jams and housing problems will focus on urban areas or
cities around the globe, especially in developing countries.
Increasing population in urban areas is causing traffic jam. The reason for this is the fact that automobile dependence in cities is increasing all over the
world from the 1980s to projected 1990s. US, European, Asian, Australian, and Canadian cities increase the number but with a different pace (ESCAP
as cited in Newman, 1999, p. 153). Some Asian cities like Bangkok, Jakarta, and Kuala Lumpur suffer from this automobile dependence trend. The
traffic jams in these cities are very bad. A lot of money is wasted because they burned fossil fuels for nothing except pollution. Inefficiency is
happening everyday. These happen because wrong government policies that make the automobile dependence increase. According to Newman (1999,
p. 156), the government in Bangkok and Jakarta built more roads infrastructure rather than invest in public transport. The solutions for this traffic jam
problem are investing more in

Essay On Gun Violence In America
Remedying Gun Violence in America
In America, most occurrences of gun violence do not involve a mass shooting, terrorist attack, or police intervention. The majority of gun violence
centers around suicide and homicide. Of the 309 people who are shot in America each day, 32 are murdered, and 58 commit suicide (1). Most
policymakers see this as an issue, although the stances they take to combat it vary from party to party. Policies to help curb the issue rarely pass, due to
their polarization nature and the protections within the Second Amendment.
Regardless of which side of the aisle someone falls on, it is clear that 33,945 Americans should not die at the hands of gun violence each year (1). With
the massacre at Pulse Nightclub in Orlando last year, each party proposed two Senate bills to instill new regulations on the gun market. However, such
movements come in waves, as public support for gun control ebbs and flows based on how recent the latest mass shooting was.
In this policy analysis, I aim to define the problem of gun violence in America. Following that, I will lay out specific criteria that policymakers should
look for ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In terms of victimization, young African–American males make up the majority of the gun homicide victims, despite being a minority of the U.S.
population (7). In terms of the cost of public response to crime, all taxpayers contribute to that fund, making every American a de facto stakeholder.
Though Phillip Cook's "little old lady problem" may paint a certain depiction of the situation, the cost of anxiety related to gun violence could affect
anyone, and to varying degrees. Generally, that phenomenon affects people who live in areas that are considered "violent," or have a high–crime rate
(7). These areas tend to have lower median household incomes, so it is possible to draw a socioeconomic connection to the population which are most
affected by that cost of anxiety

Population Health Policy Analysis
Effectively managing the health of a Nation is a major undertaking and requires a concerted effort on the part of its people. Governmental agencies use
legislation and laws to help facilitate ethical care in the healthcare industry. Ethical care is determined by the philosophies and values of people within a
specified population. The nursing field has set high standards in the way that its members treat the populations in their care. The competencies, values,
and goals of the nursing profession have been standardized by The Quality Safety and Education for Nurses (QSEN) project (Ivey, 2013). These
standards serve as a guide in providing evidenced–practice care that is patient–centered. QSEN standards also include teamwork, informatics, ... Show
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Lifestyle choices are influenced by culture, individual worldviews, age, gender, and so forth (Nash et al., 2016). These choices can impact the care that
individuals receive and should be taken into consideration when determining treatment plans (Nash et al., 2016). Assessing the total needs of
individuals requires health professionals that are sensitive to these unique needs in order to influence positive healthcare change (Hostetter, S., & Klein.
(2013). Nurses play an important role in providing optimal patient care that addresses the unique needs of each individual patient (Sherwood &
Zomorodi, 2014). The Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) competencies offer a guideline by which nurses can follow when providing
patient–centered care, including such things as teamwork, patient safety, and informatics/communication (Sherwood & Zomorodi,

Essay On Elder Abuse
Within the next 20 years the population of older adults will likely outnumber the population of children in this country. The combination of this swiftly
increasing population and the latest assessments of the increasing rate of established cases of elder abuse suggest that the issue of elder abuse will
continue to grow without significant means for deterrence and intermediation. Due to age–related declines in cognitive functioning and other
vulnerabilities such as difficulties with mobility, isolation, medication, and dependence, older adults are uniquely attractive to criminal predators
(Lindberg, Sabatino, & Blancato, 2011). Elder financial exploitation is an especially cumbersome matter to address because of difficulties in identifying
It has earmarked $777 million over a four year span to increase aid to elder victim services such as Adult Protective Services and Forensic Centers. The
EJA also establishes an Elder Justice Coordinating Council and a National Advisory Board (Dong, 2012). According to Kohl, Sanders, and Blumenthal
(2012) "To date, however, major steps forward in national policy and strategy on elder abuse have not been taken, in part because Congress has failed
to provide sufficient funding" (p. 107). There has been slight progress on the issue with the initiation of a 5.5 million stipend to states to test pilot
programs for vulnerable populations of older adults (Kohl, et al., 2012).
The addition of the Elder Justice Act brings some hope for long–term attention to the issue of elder abuse. This country is extremely unprepared for the
magnitude of issues that will erupt with the growth of the older population. Healthcare services, community–based and home–based services, and long–
term care facilities are going to be seriously taxed over the next 20 years. It is necessary to address elder abuse prevention, education, and intervention
thoroughly in the short–term while considerations are somewhat manageable. As stated by Greenlee (2012), "This is not solely a federal issue, this is a
national crisis" (p. 8). If we consider the protection of older adults as a national responsibility, it is clear that advocacy and

Developing Effective Water Sector Policies
iii) Policy Issues Developing effective water sector policies in most countries has been a hard task for the policy makers involved. This has been
because of its unique physical properties, the complex economic characteristics and the important cultural features that come with the resource that
distinguishes it from other natural resources. Other than this, water resource management has continued to present a lot of complicated administrative
issues, and this is because it involves many considerations including legal, technological, environmental, economic and political considerations. In most
countries, political and economic considerations have dominated a lot of policy decisions on the use of water resources. Its management largely ...
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It is important to understand how alternative economic policy instruments have an influence on the water use across different economic sectors and also
between local, regional and national levels. The water managers should recognize the existing connections between macroeconomic policies and the
impacts they have on other areas. Most of these policies as well as some sectorial policies that are not specifically aimed at the water sectors do have
strategic impacts on the resource allocation and the aggregate demand for water in the economy. Respective country 's overall development strategy and
its use of macroeconomic policies including monetary, fiscal and trade policies affect, both directly and indirectly, the demand and various investments
in activities related to the water resource (Young, Dooge & Rodda, 2004, p.81). Some of the problems associated with water resource management
efforts in most countries are its bulkiness and mobility. Its value per unit of its weight tends to be relatively low as compared to other commodities that
are considered bulky. The cost of transporting and storing it is high relative to its economic value at its point of use. It is also difficult to identify and
measure because unlike other commodities, it flows, evaporates, seeps into the ground and transpires. This evasive nature of water has meant that

Analysis Of Geoffrey Rose's Population Health Policy
Canadians embrace our universal healthcare system as a core national value; we are proud to say that we live in a country that ensures access to
healthcare for all (Stanbrook, 2015). Sadly, there is a gaping hole in our supposedly universal system which is the lack of public coverage for
prescription drugs for most Canadians. Many Canadians face drug costs they can not afford, forcing them to either take their medicines less often than
prescribed or do without them entirely. By creating a universal single payer system of public insurance coverage for prescription drugs, a universal drug
coverage plan like our current healthcare system, it would ensure affordability and comprehensiveness. This intervention uses Geoffrey Rose's
population ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although Canadians were largely supportive of the proposed national pharmacare plan, most said they would be concerned if their current private plan
was replaced by a national pharmacare program with less coverage, if it increased costs to governments because patients use more prescription drugs
than they do now, and of the ability of governments to administer the plan efficiently and effectively – these concerns will later be covered in the ethics
section (Canadian Pharmacists Association, 2015). Many political parties, like the Liberals and NDP, have realized the significance of universal drug
coverage to the point that they have included it in campaign promises for both federal and provincial elections. The NDP has even introduced a motion
in the House of Commons that gives the Liberal government one year to begin negotiations with the provinces in order to implement universal
pharmaceutical drug coverage for all Canadians. Additionally, both parties' Ontario provincial election campaigns prominently feature contrasting
pharmacare plans: the NDP will offer universal coverage but is limited to 125 medications deemed essential by an independent committee with the
commitment to expand the coverage over time as savings are realized, while the Liberals have introduced improvements to the Ontario Drug Plan to
cover over 4,400 drugs for the province's four million children and young adults (Fraser, 2017).

Socio-Economic Consequences of China’s ‘One-child per...
Background History
China's population growth began to increase during the Ming Dynasty, and increased dramatically throughout Qing. The population grew around
65million in the late 14th century to more than 400 million in 1949 (Spengler 1962: 112). Since the People Republic of China was founded, Mao had
seen the population growth as favorable to industrialization, and he believed that population growth empowered the country (Potts 2006). In the 1950s,
the government began to realize that the food supply would soon become insufficient for the rapidly growing population, and stopped encouraging
people to have more children through propaganda posters. In the beginning of the 1970s, the government launched the "Later, Longer, Fewer"
campaign. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Citizens with farmer registration also faced harsh consequences, for example confiscation of private pieces of land, or exclusion from job opportunities
in town enterprises (Li 1995: 565).
There were exemptions for certain groups of people, for instance ethnic minorities (Cao 2009: 97), Hong Kong and Macau, and foreign people in China
are exempted from the policy. The ethnic minorities accounted for around 8% of China's population, which was approximately 105 million people. In
rural areas, couples were allowed to have a second child if the first child was a girl or disabled, but the second birth had to be spaced by 5 years from
the first birth (Gu 2007: 130; Greenhalgh 1986: 495–498). The policy was not applied evenly throughout the country, and it varied considerably in
different areas (Short 1998: 373).
The Primary Effect of One–Child Policy– Decline of Fertility Rate
The ultimate goal of the one–child policy was to reduce the fertility rate in order to improve the living standards of the people. The average living
standard was intended to increase by having less people to share the country's resources, as well as diminish the negative consequences of
overpopulation such as food shortage, unemployment, overwhelming of public services and lack of housing.
According to the United Nation's data, the total fertility rate of China was 5.7 births per woman in 1969, and it declined to 2.8 births per women by
1979. This remarkable

Effects Of Policy On Client Populations From Diverse...
4. Effects of Policy on Client Populations from Diverse Backgrounds
A. The client characteristics of the population served by Head Start consists of mostly Hispanics and African Americans (C. Garrett, personal
communication, September 9, 2015). Majority of the families served are low–income. There is also a large number of single–parent homes (C. Garrett,
personal communication, September 9, 2015). The population served by Head Start are considered a vulnerable population based on economic and
social disadvantages (C. Garrett, personal communication, September 9, 2015).
B. As mentioned before Hispanics and African Americans are over represented in the population served (C. Garrett, personal communication,
September 9, 2015). This ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Garrett, personal communication, September 9, 2015). However there is still a need for Head Start services for families who do not meet the poverty
requirement (C. Garrett, personal communication, September 9, 2015). The change that should be made to this policy is to expanded services to those
above the poverty guideline, so that more families could be eligible for the program (C. Garrett, personal communication, September 9, 2015).
5. How Social Workers Influence Social Policy
A. Social workers have the responsibility of advocating for their clients (C. Garrett, personal communication, September 9, 2015). Whether it's
petitioning congress on matters that effect vulnerable populations (C. Garrett, personal communication, September 9, 2015). Such as cutting funding for
the federal SNAP Benefit program (C. Garrett, personal communication, September 9, 2015). This directly affects a social worker's ability to get
resources to clients. Specifically, within the Head Start program a social worker can petition to have the poverty guidelines raised (C. Garrett, personal
communication, September 9, 2015).
B. Methods and strategies social workers use to influence policy include being active members of the National Association of Social Workers,
advocating for social justice, and petitioning laws that have unintended consequences for the poor (C. Garrett, personal communication, September 9,
2015). Social workers have

Essay about Advocacy for Diverse Clientele
Advocacy for Diverse ClienteleName Capella University Advocacy for Diverse ClienteleOne of the populations that has a lot of culturally diverse
individuals is the military and veterans. In veterans there is a lot of cultural diversity with individuals ranging in backgrounds from all over including
African–American, Asian–American, Hispanic–American, and Caucasian–Americans. Veterans suffer from a wide range of mental illnesses including
depression, PTSD, anxiety, suicide, and substance abuse. PTSD is one of the most common mental health problems that veterans face after returning
from war. According to Loo (1994), individuals that are ethnic minority veterans tend to have higher rates of PTSD than white veteran counterparts.
PTSD can ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In using on method structured interviews of influential people in the public and private sectors are conducted (Blair, 2007). In this method the
interviews are head with policy makers which allows insight to where the policy makers are at on the issue, assessment of political outcome, and
assessing how well advocacy messages have done (Blair, 2007). This method allows for advocacy by providing a look at what policy makers are
thinking, where their votes might light, and how well the previous methods of advocacy have worked. It allows advocates to see where changes can be
made and why the might need to be made.
National Public Polices
According to Government Affairs: Current Issues (2014), legislation was passed in 2006 which allowed for qualified mental health counselors to work
as mental health clinicians in order to take jobs in the VA and help veterans with the issues they deal with. The main advocate for the inclusion of
qualified counselors came from the National Board for Certified Counselors that advocated for years and directly influenced the 2006 legislation
("Mental Health Matters" in advocacy, 2004). This allows counselors that are trained to deal with issues of mental health such as PTSD to get jobs and
help veterans with their mental health. The passing of this legislation allowed counselors that were qualified and licensed to gain employment with the
VA and thus having access to the

The Economic Benefits Of Economic Welfare Essay
Economic welfare is defined as the well–being or standard of living of an individual or individuals taking part in an economy (Business Dictionary,
2015). This can be measured through statistics such as individual income, health care expense, educational achievement and opportunity for economic
growth. The better one fares among these categories, the more likely one is to have a higher standard of living and possess an inherent socio–economic
advantage. Currently, the aboriginal population scores poorly across all of these standards. Despite government incentives, the average indigenous
person is born into an economic disadvantage with little room for vertical movement, indicating a need for major social and legislative change.
Among the aboriginal population in 2005, 18.7% of individuals living with family were below the poverty line. Unattached, or single, individuals were
even more likely to fall into this low–income bracket at 42.8%. Conversely, these rates among the non–aboriginal population were 8.4% and 28.0%
respectively (Collin & Jensen, 2009). These numbers highlight the economic disparity Aboriginals face, the cause of which lies rooted in their historical
mistreatment. To better understand the situation today and how it came to be, one must begin by looking at early Canadian policy involving
Aboriginals.
The first important document concerned with indigenous rights was the Royal Proclamation. Signed in 1763, it recognized the sovereignty of the
aboriginal

Final Health Policy Analysis : The Canadian Population
Final Health Policy Analysis A health concern that may not be considered a common issue to the Canadian population is the lack of access to safe water
among the Aboriginal population. The National Household Survey indicated in 2011 that about four percent of the Canadian population identifies as
Aboriginal. The Constitution Act of 1982 identifies three main groups of Aboriginal people: First Nations, Metis and Inuit. First Nations are referred to
as Status Indians, non–Status Indians, or Treaty Indians and represent sixty percent of the Aboriginal population. Status Indians are those that are
registered under the Indian Act through a proof of ancestry, well non–Status Indians are not. Treaty Indians are the Indians that are a part of the First
Nations that signed the treaties. Métis people represent about thirty–three percent of the Aboriginal population and identify themselves as mixed
Aboriginal and European dissent. The Inuit are Indigenous people that represent about five percent of the Aboriginal population and live in the northern
regions of Canada. The E. coli contamination that occurred in Walkerton, Ontario led to the general Canadian population inquiring about the quality of
their own drinking water. This event was widely publicized and resulted in a policy inquiry that supported a new change in legislation. Media attention
was not raised as to the conditions that the Aboriginal populations were facing, as many of their water systems were considered high

Journal 5 : Vulnerable Populations And Health Policy
Journal 5: Vulnerable Populations and Health Policy
Based on your readings for this class, discuss how your population of interest meets the definition of a vulnerable population.
My population of interest thus meet the definition of a vulnerable population. Most African Americans women living in Nursing homes suffer from
Depression. It could be as a result from other chronic illnesses and not just a single diagnosis of Depression. Some of the most common reasons they
are admitted into long–term care facilities is because of Stroke, Diabetes with amputation, Cancer, lack of care givers, lack of finances, homelessness,
age, and limited social and economic resources. These are all the factor that determines ones vulnerability. African ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Most of the patients I see in my area of practice a history suicide/homicidal ideation. Some have been abused or are high risk of being abused due to
their mental illness. Working will this population is very rewarding for me because I can relate better since I come from Africa and the women there
face worst situations and actually do not have one quarter of the resources the women in America have.
I worked at a nursing facility in Dallas Oak cliff, most of the women there were living in poverty and will leave the facility and go do drugs in the
apartment complex closed to the facility. They were not educated and so made poor choices. Because of them were homeless, they had no were else to
go after rehabilitation from may be a stroke or gunshot wound from a criminal scene. As a provider in this facility with African American women with
depression, I worked closely with the SW to get some of them day programs to go to for rehabilitation back into the society in combination with
pharmacotherapy.
I do think that there is stigma and prejudice among African American culture than among white cultures toward mental health issues which makes it
hard for practitioner to diagnose them with Depression. Even after diagnosing these African Americans women, it is difficult for them to accept their
diagnosis and seek treatment. They also do not like to see therapist for their

Mediating Middlemen : Education Service Agencies Essay
Mediating Middlemen: Education Service Agencies as Policy Interpreters
Theoretical Framework
This research employs a cognitive/interpretive frame on policy implementation to unpack the ways in which ESA officials understand their roles,
interpret state and federal policy and, in the process, mediate how districts approach and respond to federal and state policy. In our approach, we adopt
the view that policy implementation is an analytical enterprise that is the result of certain implementation decisions that are made and actions that are
taken by individuals at the local, regional, state and federal levels. As research in the cognitive/interpretive frame has shown, policy implementation
behaviors are shaped by the decision–making environment, the type of policy at stake, and characteristics of the implementing organizations and the
people involved in policy implementation (Goggin, 1986). In essence, every individual interprets policy within a unique context, drawing upon his or
her own beliefs, experiences, history and agenda
(Cohen, 1990; Spillane et al., 2002; Spillane, Reiser & Reimer, 2006; Cohen, Moffit & Goldin,
2007). Policy interpreters and implementers are also situated in professional and discourse communities that help shape their beliefs and worldviews
and ultimately their interpretations of policy messages (Coburn, 2001; Hill, 2001; McLaughlin & Talbert, 2001; Spillane, Kim &
Frank, 2012). Utilizing this cognitive/interpretive frame on policy implementation,

Health Policies And The Health Policy
Health Policy Values According to World Health Organization (WHO, 2015), "Health policy refers to decisions, plans, and actions that are undertaken
to achieve specific health care goals within a society" (p.1). Nursing can make a change in the health policy. This writer believes nursing is the most
trusted professions and also upholds the uppermost values of morality and ethical principle. One of the journalists Deepak Chopra said, "Enlightened
leadership is spiritual if we understand spirituality not as some kind of religious dogma or ideology, but as the domain of awareness where we
experience values like truth, goodness, beauty, love and compassion, and also intuition, creativity, insight and focused attention" (Chopra, D., and n.d.).
Nursing Values, Personal Values and Spiritual Belief "To be accountable, nurses follow a code of ethical conduct that includes moral principles such as
fidelity, loyalty, veracity, beneficence, and respect for the dignity, worth, and self–determination of patients, as well as adhering to the scope and
standards of nursing practice" (ANA, 2015, p. 15). Nursing profession is entirely about taking care of patients, and families with integrity, and dignity.
This writer is a believer of God, following the teachings of God and truthfully practicing it with life in daily activities. As a nurse, this writer believes in
honesty trust, respect, compassion, love, commitment, empowerment, and cooperation. While

Plest Analysis for Tesco's and Water Aid Essay example
PLEST analysis for Tesco's And Water AID
PLEST is a strategic planning tool used to evaluate the impact political, economic, social, and technological, Legal and Environment factors might have
on a project. It involves an organisation considering the external environment before starting a project.
The PEST analysis is an important part of the project planning process:
Political factors include areas such as tax policy, employment laws, environmental regulations, trade restrictions and tariffs and political stability.
Economic factors are economic growth, interest rates, exchange rates and inflation rate.
Social factors often look at the cultural aspects and include health consciousness, population growth rate, age ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
One of the most influential factors on the economy is high unemployment levels, which decreases the effective demand for many goods, adversely
affecting the demand required to produce such goods. In a charity this can reduce the amount of donors and volunteers.
TAXATION
TAXATION – has a big effect on businesses:
There are two basic types of tax:
1. DIRECT TAXES: these are taken directly from people's wage packet – P.A.Y.E.
2. INDIRECT TAXES: these are placed on spending e.g. Value Added Tax (17.5%)
Increased taxes are bad for Tesco and water aid because:
People have less money to spend on their products – their disposable income has fallen
they will have to pay higher taxes on their profits
INTEREST RATES
This is

National Population Policy For Sustainable Development
The policy I have chosen to examine is Sessional Paper No. 1 on National Population Policy for Sustainable Development. As the policy that has
guided implementation of programmes from 2000 to 2012, this policy brought about improvement in the use of contraceptives as well as in the
maternal health aspect for Kenyans. It was also able to maintain the statistics and success of the previous policy.
As stated previously, Kenya's Sessional Paper No.1 on National Population Policy for Sustainable Development builds on the strengths of the
guidelines provided by the previous policy. With also a recognition for issues on environment, gender, poverty and problems facing certain segments of
the population (including youth, elderly, and disabled ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The private and local sector will also be encouraged to be more actively involved in the conducting of population programmes.
– Expanding and promoting all aspects of Primary Health Care services
Target/s: to maintain the Crude Death Rate at 12 between 1998 and the year 2000 and reduce it to 10 by 2005 and to 9 by 2010; to minimise further
decline in life expectancy at birth and to maintain the number at 53 years in both 2005 and 2010
Method: The government will continue to provide increasing accessibility to affordable quality primary health care.
– Educating individuals and married couples in family planning and the effects that family size may have on their standard of living, as well as to
provide quality, accesible and affordable family planning services
Target/s: to increase the Contraceptive Prevalence Rate for all methods amongst married woman from 33% in 1993 to 43% by the year 2000 to 53% by
2005 and to 62% by 2010; to reduce the Maternal Mortality Rate from 590 in 1995 to 300 by the year 2000 to 230 by 2005 and to 170 by 2010
Method: Relevant education programmes for information on responsible adulthood will be provided.
– Increasing awareness of all Kenyans and their rights to decide

Aging Population Policy Analysis
I feel that as advocates there are many things we can do to ensure policies protect the aging population we work with. One of the many things we can
do is make sure that if we work in a senior care community, we can make sure that the policies are updated all the time. If we were to be a housing
director or a manager of some sorts, I think looking at the residents that you have and looking at the staff to see what can be better. I know that when I
worked at a senior care facility, there were policies changing all the time and if a policy were to change then we would have to sign a new sheet paper
saying that we understand the policies and what can happen if we would not follow them. I know, for example, we had staff that was using cell

The Policy Implementation Approach For The Government And...
Ministerial Recommendation While there are ample possible solutions to help address the problem at hand, the best of the three aforementioned
policies is the expenditure–based approach. This approach would be most beneficial to the government and the First Nations population because it
gives the First Nations the finances needed to improve the conditions they are currently experiencing. Moreover, these finances can be another step at
attempting to compensate for the treatment that was historically experienced by Canadian Aboriginals at the hands of the federal government. This
policy, to a degree, can potentially combine the benefits of the expenditure–based approach as well as a policy implementation approach. This is due to
the fact that financial resources could be distributed from the federal government to groups already aiding indigenous peoples as well as the First
Nations communities themselves. These resources could then be used to develop programs that are for First Nations peoples developed by First Nations
peoples which is arguably more effective. The overall recommendation is for the federal government to allot certain resources that will be distributed to
charities including but not limited to: First Nations Child & Family Caring Society of Canada, Aboriginal Human Resource Council, and the Habitat for
Humanity's Indigenous Housing Program. Moreover, the resources could be given to leaders in certain First Nations communities to distribute to their

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