Pittsburgh Community Garden

SOCIAL JUSTICE COMMITTEE

School of City And Regional Planning
G e o rg i a I n s t i t u t e o f Te c h n o l o g y

w i t h t h e P i t t s b u rg h C o m m u n i t y I m p ro v e m e n t A s s o c i a t i o n

WELCH STREET COMMUNITY GARDEN REPORT

Contributors:

Jesse Clark, Mike Cutno, Erin Rosintoski, Andrea Spagnuolo

2 4 5 4 t h S t r e e t R m . 2 0 4 A t l a n t a , G A 3 0 3 3 2 • Te l : 4 0 4 . 8 9 4 . 2 3 5 0 • f a x : 4 0 4 . 8 9 4 . 1 6 2 8 • w w w. p l a n n i n g . g a t e c h . e d u

SOCIAL JUSTICE COMMITTEE

School of City And Regional Planning
G e o rg i a I n s t i t u t e o f Te c h n o l o g y

w i t h t h e P i t t s b u rg h C o m m u n i t y I m p ro v e m e n t A s s o c i a t i o n

Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the following people and organizations for helping with this report.

The Pittsburgh Community Improvement Association and its members who attended the garden pres-
entation this past Winter. Pierre Gaither and LaShawn Hoffman of PCIA. Students of the Social Justice
Committee. Fred Conrad for consulting with us in the early stages. Dee Miriam for introducing us to
several great resources. Gary Peiffer of the Dekalb Ag Extension for a lengthy discussion of resources
and tips. Stephen Causby, the English Avenue Garden Manager for giving us tips and support. And
anyone not mentioned who helped make this possible.

2 4 5 4 t h S t r e e t R m . 2 0 4 A t l a n t a , G A 3 0 3 3 2 • Te l : 4 0 4 . 8 9 4 . 2 3 5 0 • f a x : 4 0 4 . 8 9 4 . 1 6 2 8 • w w w. p l a n n i n g . g a t e c h . e d u

Table of Contents

Introduction 1

Garden Management 5

Resources 9

Design 12

Building the Raised Beds 19

Design Phases 21

Next Steps 23

What to Grow? 25

Appendix A Contacts 37

Appendix B Sample Bylaws 38

Appendix C Sample Application Form 39

Appendix D Sample Budget 40

Appendix E Funding Sources 41

Appendix F References 46

Appendix G Gardening Guides 48

Social Justice Committee We l c h S t r e e t C o m m u n i t y G a r d e n R e p o r t

i

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' .++.;(- 1/.13 (2 3' 9+,(-4.- . /1.)3 = 3' .(+ 924 .,,(6 . 3' 39-3 +-J
-(- 22.(4.- ;(3'(- 3' .1(
-24393 . '-.+.=F2 '..+ . (3= - (.-+ +--(-E '
.(+ 924 .,,(6 N O (2 .,/1(2 . (3= /+--(- 193 239-32 ;'. (, 3. /1.:( .-J
29+4- :( 3. -.-J/1.32 (- 3+-3 1+3 3. 91- /+--(- - 1:+./,-3 '++-2E 1.)3
3,2 1 .,/1(2 . - .)4: 1.9/ . (:12 239-32 ;'. 1 2/(+((- (- 3' 12 3'3 /1J
3(- 3. 3' (229 3 '-E

- YWW`B 3' //1.' 3' (6291' .,,9-(3=
,/1.:,-3 22.(4.- N
O 3. (-4 = ;=2
3'3 3' .,,(6 .9+ /1.:( 3'-(+ 22(23-E
' 1-3+= 3*- /.2222(.- . :-3 +.3
3 ^`[ +' 313 1., 3' (3= . 3+-3 - 3'= 2* 3' 3. '+/ 121' 3' +.(242 .
.,,9-(3= 1- .- 3' 2(3E %1 .-94- /1+(,(-1= 121' - ,4- ;(3' .3'1 .,,9J
-(3= 1-12 (- 3' (3=B ; /12-3 .91 -(-2 3. 3' (6291' -('.1'.. 12(-32 3. .3(-
3'(1 *E ': -.; (-.1/.13 3'(1 (-/93 (-3. .91 -+ 1.,,-4.-2 .1 3' +=.93
- ,-,-3 . 3' 1-E ' .++.;(- 1/.13 ;(++ (-4 = ./14.-+ 2-1(.2B 12.912 -
2(- +31-4:2 .1 3' (,/+,-34.- . .,,9-(3= 1- .- 3' 29)3 2(3E '(+ 2., .
3' .-3-32 1 2/( 3. 3' +' 2(3B ,-= . 3' 1.,,-4.-2 .9+ //+( 3. (4.-+
1-2 (- 3' -('.1'.. - ;(3'(- 3' (3= . 3+-3E

%#% %

' 29)3 2(3 (2 +.3 3 ^`[ +' 313 (- 3' (6291' -('.1'.. ;(3'(- J . 3' (3=
. 3+-3E ' (6291' -('.1'.. '2 .- . 3' '('23 .1+.291 132 ;(3'(- 3' (3= -

'2 - 4:+= 94+((- ('.1'.. 3(+(4.- 1.1, 9-2 3. /91'2 :-3 '.,2 - 1J
391- 3', * 3. /1.94: 92E +' 313 (- /149+1 .-3(-2 2:1+ . 3'2 .1+.2912 -

;.9+ +(* 3. 92 3' 29)3 2(3 2 - 223B /9+( ,-(3=B - 2 /.3-4+ 3+=23 .1 1(-J
:23,-3 .- 3' 2313E ' 2(3 .-2(232 . 3;. +.32 ,291(- ^YE[ XX[E] 3 .,(-B 3.3+(-
_BY_^ 2091 3 NWEY 12OE ' 1.9- .:1 ;2 /1:(.92+= .:119- ;(3' *99 93
1-3+= 1J
,.: ,.23 . 3'(2 - .3'1 1(2 91(- .,,9-(3= ;.1* =E

We l c h S t r e e t C o m m u n i t y G a r d e n R e p o r t
S o c i a l J u s t i c e C o m m i t t e e a t t h e S c h o o l o f C i t y A n d R e g i o n a l P l a n n i n g a t G e o r g i a I n s t i t u t e o f Te c h n o l o g y

1

1 /


2

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3

!+ %. # $ 5 %
!%$

.,,9-(3= 1-2 ': (23 .1 =12 93 3'=
1 ;(3-22(- 1.;(- 1291- (- 12 3'3 1
'++- = 3' /12- . :-3 +.32E '(+ -.3
-41+= -9(2- = 3',2+:2B :-3 +.32 - ':
+31(.92 !32 .- -('.1'.. ;'- 3'= 3J
313 -4: 31-+(42 29' 2 1(, - 3' J
9,9+4.- . 1(2E
- 3' 2 . 3' +' 2(3B
3'= - +2. ., .:11.;- ;(3' ;2 .1 :(-2B
913'1 +-(- 3' //1- . -.-,-3B -+3 - (2(-:23,-3E ' .,(-4.- . 3'2
3=/2 . 3.12 - 31 (-(:(9+2 - ,(+(2 1.,
,.:(- 3. 3' 1 - '2 3' /.3-4+ 3. 12
/1./13= :+92 2 129+3E

.,,9-(3= 1-(- (2 +.;J.23 +31-4: 3.
.9-313 3'2 !32 - (: -; 92 3. - 9-J
194+( 223E
- (4.- 3. 3' 23'4 -32
3'3 .,,9-(3= 1-2 - /1.:( = 94 =(-
3' 2(3B 3'= +2. .231 2.(+ -32 ,.- 3'
12(-32E .,,9-(3= 1-2 3'3 ,.(+( 3' 12(J
-32 . 3' -('.1'.. 3. /14(/3 (- 3'(1 14.-B ,(-3-- - '1:24- 24,9+3 2.(+
(-314.- - 9(+ 2.(+ /(3+ 3;- (-(:(9+2E '= - +2. 13 .//.139-(42 .1 ,/.;J
1,-3 - 2+ J1+(- = ++.;(- 12(-32 3. 3*
/13 (- 3' 1:(3+(4.- . 3'(1 .,,9-(3= - -J
.91(- (-(44: ,.- +.+ 1-12E

(4.-+ -32 - 4 3. .,,9-(3= 1-2F
/.3-4+ .1 --(+B '+3' - -:(1.-,-3+ 1J
;12E ' ,.23 2922 9+ 1-2 1 + 3. /1.J
9 -.9' 19(32B $.;12B '12 - :3+2 3.
2++ 3', (- +.+ 1,12 ,1*32 - //+= 3'(2 1:J
-9 3. 2923(- 3' 1- - 9- .,,9-(3= (-(4J


4

4:2 29' 2 =.93' 2'.+12'(/2E '= +2. -.91 3' '+3'= .-29,/4.- . -391+ ..2 - /1.J
:( 3'(- 3..+ .1 =.93' .- 3' -32 . 3'(2 +( 23=+E
23+=B .,,9-(3= 1-2 4 (-3.
1.1 -:(1.-,-3+ .-33 . 1.;(- +.+ 1(9+391 ,.:,-3E '= . 2. = 14- +.+
+31-4: 3. /1.9 1., 1(92(-22 3'3 ,= 13 +1 1.- ..3/1(-3 3. 31-2/.13 3' 2,
,.9-3 . .. 1., 1(.-2 '9-12 . ,(+2 ;= 1., 3'(1 24-4.-E '1.9'.93 3'(2 /1.)3B
3' '2 (-4 3' 23 /142 1., 2922 9+ 1-2 (- 3' (3= . 3+-3 - -4.-;( .1

3. 1/ 3'2 .1,-4.- -32 - +:1 3' /.3-4+ . ^`[ +' 313 .1 3'
.,,9-(3=E

Garden Management

%#!+!

.,,9-(3= 1- ;(++ .-+= 2 .. 2 (32 ,-,-3E - 14+ .- 3' 3./( /93 (3 ;++ ;'- (3
2( 3'3 .,,9-(3= 1-2 1 Wf 1-(- - XWWf .,,9-(3= .1-((-E (, 2'.9+ 3*-
.- 3' 1.-3 - . 23+(2'(- 1- 3. .1-( .,,(6B 9(+ .-2-292 .- 3' /+-2B - +=
.93 3' 19+2 .1 ./14.-E

# / !(

'1 1 3=/(++= .- .1 3;. (-(:(9+2 .- 3' 1.-3 - 3'3 ': 3' ,.23 (-3123 - (-(44: (-
23+(2'(- 3' 1-E
3 - '+/ 9+ 3. 2(-3 .- /12.- ;'. ;(++ 3 2 3' -1+ 1-
..1(-3.1E '(2 (-(:(9+ ;.9+ 21: 2 - .1-(1 3. 119(3 -; ,,12 - 3 2 3' /.(-3 .
.-33 .1 .932( .1-(4.-2E

'2 (-(4+ (-(:(9+2 2'.9+ ;.1* 3. - .3'12 (- 3' .,,9-(3= 3'3 ,= (-3123 (- /14(/3J
(-E '= - . 3'(2 = 2*(- 1.9- 3' -('.1'..B :(2(4- -('.12 3 3'(1 '.,2 3. 291:= .1
/.3-4+ (-3123B .1 (:(- 1( /12-34.-2 3 .,,9-(3= ,4-2 - /1.:((- 2(-J9/ 2'3 2.
3'3 -; ,,12 - (-:(3 3. ,4-2E

- .1 1.9/ . /./+ ': - (-4B 3'(2 ;(++ ,* 9/ 3' G231(- .,,(6H 3'3 ;(++
,3 3. 31,(- 3' .+2 - ./14.-2 . 3' 1-E 9- 123 23/ 3. -13 (-3123 - 9=J
(- 1., .3'12 (2 3. /(* -, .1 3' 1-E '(2 2'.9+ -, 3'3 :1=.- 12 ;(3' (- .1J

5

1 3. (- 3' ,.23 /3-B 93 ( .- --.3 1 9/.- 3'- (3 - 3*- 3. :.3 3. J
(E

.1 3' ;.1* . 1- +.(242 - (-B 3' 231(- .,,(6 ,923 ( 3' /91/.2 -
.+2 . 3' 1-E :1= .,,9-(3= 1- (2 9-(09 (- (32 ,(22(.-E '(+ 2., 23 .93 3. /1.:(
12' .. 1./2 3. 3' 12(-32B .3'12 1 /1(,1(+= 3. 94 = :-3 +.3B ;'(+ .3'12 1 ,-3 3.
/.3-4++= -13 2.91 . 1:-9 .1 (32 ,,12E %- 4,2B 13(- 1.9/2 (- 3' .,,9-(3=
1 313 2 3' -(1(2B 29' 2 2-(.12 .1 =.93'E
/149+1 1.9/ (2 313B 3'= 2'.9+
(-+9 (- ++ /'22 . 3' /1.)3 3. -291 3'3 3'= 1 (-:23 (- 3' 1-E

#!

- 3' 231(- .,,(6 '2 - .1-( - 3' -1+ ,(22(.- 233,-3 . 3' 1- '2
- 1 9/.-B 3' :1= (,/.13-3 32* . 31,(-(- '.; 3' 1- ;(++ ./13 ,923 (-E
-
.11 3. /1:-3 .- 92(.- - /1.:( ,-2 3. - .1 19+2 (- 3' 9391B 3' .,,(6 2'.9+
13 =+;2 3'3 .:1- 3' 1-F2 ./14.-E

'(+ ,-= (2292 ,= 2, .,,.- 2-2 .1 9-+(*+= 3. .91B 3'1 1 2:1+ (,/.13-3 12 3'3
,923 122 3. /1:-3 9391 .,/+(4.-2E +.; (2 21(/4.- . 3./(2 3. (2922 -
/93 (- ;1(4- ;(3'(- 3' =+;2E :1=.- 3'3 ;.9+ +(* 3. /14(/3 (- 3' 1-(- 2'.9+ 2(-
3'2 =+;2E ., 1-2 +2. 13 //+(4.-2 .1 -; ,,12 3. ++ .93E 2,/+ . 3'2
3=/2 . 1,-32 (2 (-+9 (- 3' //-(E

(-3-- (2 1(4+ (229 3'3 ;(++ '+/ 31,(- 3' 2922 . 3' 1-E :1=.-F2 32*2
2'.9+ .93+(- 2. 3'3 3'= *-.; ;'3 (2 /3 . 3',E .1 ,/+B ;'. (2 12/.-2(+ .1
;(- 3' .,,.- 12 3'3 1-F3 /+-3 ;(3' 1./2A +2.B ;'3 (2 3' ,(-(,9, ,.9-3 . ,(-J
3-- /3 . (-(:(9+ /+.32B - ( 3'(2 ,(-(,9, 23-1 (2-F3 9/'+B '.; ;(++ (3 J
122A

- !4: ;= 3. + ;(3' 3'(2 ,= 3. 22(- G.; /3(-2H ;'. 1 12/.-2(+ .1 ;3'(-
.:1 13(- ,.9-3 . /+.32 . 3' ,,12E
-= . 3'2 /+.32 1 -.3 ,(-3(-B 3' .; /J
3(- ;.9+ 123 //1.' 3' ,,1 3. 2 ( 3'= - -= '+/ ;(3' 3'(1 /+.3E
B %1 '+/(- 3'
,,1 ;(3' 3' /+.3B (3 24++ (2 -.3 ,(-3(-B 3'= .9+ (229 3'3 ,,1 ;1-(- - :-39++=
1,.: 3'(1 ,,12'(/ ( 3'= . -.3 .113 3' /1.+,E


6

3'1 1 -.9' ,,12 .- 3' 231(- .,,(6B (3 - '+/ 9+ 3. 23+(2' 29.,,(62 3.
,- 2/( 32*2 109(1 3. 3 3' 1- 2313B 29' 2 9-1(2(-B .-23194.-B 2.(+ -
;.1*= :-32E ,12 2'.9+ 123 ++.; 3. :.+9-31 .1 32*2 2 .- 3'(1 (-31232 .1 /4J
39E -= 1,(-(- 32*2 .9+ 3'- (:( ,.- 3' 1.9/E

% %#+%+#$

1- ,-,-3 ,.+2 3=/(++= ++ (-3. .- . 3;. 3.1(2D ./- .1 ,,12'(/E 3' 3;.B
3' ,,12'(/ ./4.- (2 ,.1 2319391 - /1'/2 ,.1 //1./1(3 ;'- 3' ,- .1 1-J
(- (- .,,9-(42 (2 '('1E '(2 ./4.- ;.9+ 109(1 3' 14.- . 2., .1, . 1- +9B (3'1
2 - (- .1,+ 1.9/ .1 ++ WXNOZ .1-(4.-E ' 1.9/ ;.9+ 3=/(++= '.+ ,.-3'+= ,4-2
- +3 .#12 (- +12'(/ 1.+2 ;(3'(- 3' .1-(4.- 29' 2 /12(-3B 312911B 2.(+ '(1B 3E

,12'(/ 1.9/2 929++= '1 /1(.( .1 /1J/+.3 ,,12'(/ E 3 2(-9/B ,,12 '..2
3' -9,1 . /+.32 3'= ;(2' 3. 3-E ' ,.1 /1(- 1-12 ;(3' ,.1 4, ,= 3- 3.
.91 /+.32 .1 ,.1E ,12 1 +2. /3 3. 2'.; 9/ .1 3' /1(.( ;.1* =2 3'3 3' 1.9/
.1-(2 .1 ,(-3-- . 3' .,,.- 1E ' ,.9-3 . ,,12'(/ 92 :1(2 ;(+=B 93 (3F2
929++= 2,++ 1-(- 1., TY J T /1 ,.-3'E ' 39+ 1:-9 1., 92 1 +.;B 93 /=(-
3'(2 - '+/ -291 3'3 3' ,,12 ;(++ 1,(- (-:.+: (- 3' 1- - */ 9/ 3'(1 /+.32E

,,12'(/ (2 '1B 3' .,,(6 ;(++ - 3. ( ;'1 3' ,.-= ;(++ */3 - '.; (3
;(++ 2/-3E

-.3'1 .,,.- ,-,-3 ./4.- (2 +22 .1,+ - 2319391B ;'(' ; ;(++ 1 1 3. '1 2 .,J
,9-+E (3' .,,9-+ 1-2B 3' 231(- .,,(6 19-2 3' 1- - .1-(2 ;.1*= :-32
3'3 (-:.+: 3' .,,9-(3= (- /+-4-B .,,.- 1 ,(-3--B - '1:24-E ' .,,(6 32
2 - .:12('3 - .1-((- -43=B ;(3' ' . (32 ,,12 (- 2(-3 2 12/.-2(+ .1
13(- 23 . 32*2 ;(3'(- 3' 2'1 1E '- '1:24- =2 ., 1.9-B 3' .. (2 (:( 9/
,.- 3' .,,9-(3= .1(- 3. ;'. , .93 3. '+/ - ;'. (2 (- - . .. ;(3'(- 3' -('J
.1'..E ' (231(94.- . .. .9+ +2. 4 (-3. 3' ,(22(.- 233,-3 (2922 1+(1B (3 .1
13(- 1.9/ (- 3' .,,9-(3= 29' 2 2-(.12B .1 /1'/2 .1 2+ 3 +.+ ,1*3 3. -13 1:J
-9 .1 3' .,,9-(3=E ' .,,9-+ 1- ,.+ //12 3. ;.1* ;++ (- .,,9-(42 ;'1 3'
+:+ . (-(44: .1 1- ,= (-(4++= +.; ,.- 3' 12(-32E :1 4,B 3' 1/3 '1:23J
(- . 3' 1./2 ;(++ '+/ 3. 9(+ (-3123 - 12/3 .1 3' 1- ,.- 3' 12(-32E


7

' 9+4,3 ,-,-3 2319391 3'3 ;(++ ,/+.= (2 9/ 3. 3' .,,9-(3= 93 1., .91 .21J
:4.- (3 (2 3' ,,12'(/ ,.+ 3'3 '2 /1.:- 3' ,.23 2922 9+ .1 3' ;(23 2/319, . 3'
.,,9-(3=E ,12'(/ .23 (2 ,(-93 3.1 (- 3'(2 ,.+E ' ,.23 (,/.13-3 2/3 (2 3'3 (3 1J
32 2-2 . .;-12'(/ - 12/.-2((+(3= ,.- (-(:(9+ .,,9-(3= ,,12E +2.B 3'1 (2
2-2 . '('3- ,- .1 2/ ;(3'(- 3' 1- 3'3 132 :- ,.1 (-3123 (- 3' .,J
,9-(3=E
- .3'1 ;.12B ,,12'(/ 09+2 +92(:(3= ;'(' (-122 91(.2(3= - (-3123E 913'1J
,.1B 2923(-+ 1- ;(++ ': 2:1+ (-(:(9+2 ;'. 1 /+ . ,-(- (3 - (3F2
(,/.13-3 3. */ 3'.2 ,,12 4:E ' .,,9-+ ,.+ 1+(2 ':(+= .- .- .1 3;. (-(:(9+2
;'. . ,.23 . 3' ;.1*E

+

9-(- .1 3' 9/ 1.-3 .-23194.- .232 . 3' 1- ;(++ 1(4+ .,/.--3 3. 3 (3 9/ -
19--(-E - 3' 2(3 +=.93 '2 - -+(B 2(2 - 09-442 . ,31(+2 2'.9+ 31,(-E
1., 3'(2 (-:-3.1=B 3' .,,(6 2'.9+ /1/1 93 2(,(+1 3. 3'3 (-+9 (- 3' //-( 3.
(-+9 ++ .232 .1 2(3 +1(-B 2.(+ (,/1.:,-3B 3..+2 - 1(2 2 ,31(+2E

%1 14- 1+(24 93B 3' .,,(6 2'.9+ 3'- (-4 = ;'(' (3,2 - .-3 (-J*(-E
.1 ,/+B 3' 3+-3 .,,9-(3= .. -* - /1.:( 3..+2 - :.+9-312 3. '+/ ;(3' 3' (-(4+
/1/14.- . 3' 2.(+ - .-23194.- . 3' 1-E .. '(/2 - .-3 = 31 1,.:+
.,/-(2 3'3 ': 3. /= 3. (2/.2 . 3'2 - 1 ,.1 3'- ;(++(- 3. 1./ 2., .! .1 92 2
1.9- .:1 (- 3' 1-F2 .,,.- 1 2 +.; ,(-3-- +31-4: 3. 2.E /13,-3 23.12
,= ;(++(- 3. .-3 .1 /1.:( (2.9-3 3..+2 - /+-4- ,31(+2E

'(+ (3 (2 1.,,- 3. 94+( 2 ,-= 1 ,31(+ 12.912 2 /.22(+B 3' +.1 .1 9(+(- -
,(-3(-(- 3' 1- 2'.9+ 123 ., 1., 3' +.+ .,,9-(3= - 3'- +..* 3. .932( 2.912
.-+= ;'- 3'1 1 -.3 -.9' 12(-32 3. (,/+,-3 (3E - . 3' ,(- -32 . .,,9-(3=
1- (2 3' (+(3= 3. 1(- 12(-32 3.3'1 - 1-; 2-2 . ,11( ,.- 3' -('.1J
'..E = 1+=(- .- .932( +.1 3. (,/+,-3 3' :(2(.-B 3'(2 -3 ;(++ (,(-(2' - 3' 12(J
-32 ;(++ + +22 . .--4.- 3. 3' 2(- 3' 1- 29E

%1 6,/4- 3. 3 ++ 93 (3,2 (3'1 .-3 .1 (2.9-3B =.9 ;(++ +% ;(3' 3' -+
93 ,.9-3 - 3. 1(2 3'1.9' 2' .-4.-2E '1 1 :1(3= . ;=2 3. .3(- 2'
.-4.-2B 29' 2 9-J1(2(- 1(:2B 2/.-2.12'(/2 1., +.+ 92(-222 - 23*'.+12B 2'..+2B


8

(4-2 1.9/2B - 1-32 1., .9-4.-2 - .:1-,-3 -(2E 3'1 1-2B 29' 2 3' -J
+(2' :-9 1-B ': +.+ 2/.-2.12'(/ 1., 3' .,,9-(3= '91'E

'1 ;(++ +(*+= +.- +(23 . /.3-4+ 2/.-2.12 3. //1.'B 2. 3'(2 +(23 2'.9+ (:( ,.- 3'
.,,(6 3. '+/ 3* 3' +. .! . 3' + .1-(1E '- //1.'(- 2/.-2.12B (3 (2 23 3. .,
/1/1 ;(3' 09(* /12-34.- - 1(- 2., /(3912 . 3' /1./.2 2(3 +=.93 3. '+/ .,,9J
-(3 3' :(2(.- - (2/+= .1-(4.-E
-= .-4.-2 ': - 1(:B 3'(2 2'.9+ .,,9-(J
3 3. /.3-4+ .-.12 3. +3 3', *-.; 3'3 .3'1 /./+ +(: (- 3' /1.)3 - 3. '+/ :+(3
3' (-(44:E .,/1'-2(: +(23 . /.3-4+ 2/.-2.12 (2 (-+9 (- 3' //-(E

Resources

2.912 1 2.- 3. ,-,-3 ;'- (3 .,2 3. 2922 9+ 1-E 3+-3 '2 /+-3= . 1J
2.912 +.++=E ' .9-3=B 233 - 3' -(:12(3= . .1( ++ ': /1.1,2 (- /+ 3. /1.,.3
'.149+391 - 91- 1-2E '(2 9( ;(++ /1.:( - .:1:(; . '+/ 9+ .1-(4.-2 2 ;++ 2
.-332 ;(3'(- 3+-3 3'3 ;(++ '+/ */ 3' 1- 1.;(- - 19 .232E
!+ %#$

.+9-312 1 13 ;= 3. 93 .;- .- ,-J'.912 - +.1 .232E
+ 4,2 .1 :.+9-312 1 91J
(- 3' (-(4+ /'2 . 1(2(- 3' 1-B /+-4- =2 ;'- +.32 . 22 - 3. 2.; - %1
3' '1:23 ;'- 3' 2.(+ -2 3. 391- .:1E .91 .1-(4.- ,= ': ;= 3. .1-( +1
1.9/ . :.+9-312E

1 =.9 - .-33 3' 3+-3 .,,9-(3= .. -*E 1 .-1 (2 3'(1 .,,9-(3= 1- 2/(+(23E
.1-(2 :.+9-312 - ' '2 2:1+ 3..+2 3 '(2 (2/.2+ .3' /.;1 3..+2 - ,-9+ .-2E
;(++ 2/(++= '+/ 9+ (- 3' (-(4+ 232 . 3' /1.)3E

3'1 2.912 . :.+9-312 1 +.+ -.-J/1.3 .1-(4.-2 - 2'..+2E -= '91' 1.9/ 3'3 (2 J
4: (- 3' .,,9-(3= ;(++ 13 2.91 3. 3/E .912B
- .1 .1 :.+9-312E

# +$


9

12.91 9+ ,-,-3 3, ;(++ + 3. 93 .;- .- 3' .23 . 1- 29//+(2 = 92(- 3'
12.912 :(++ (- 3' 1 - 1=+(- ;'3 (2 .- 2(3E .(+B 22B ;31B .,/.23 - ,9+' 1 ++
- 3. */ 3' /+-32 '+3'=E ;(++ 122 3'2 12.912 (- 3' .++.;(- 24.- = +..*(- 3
3' .1-(4.-2 3'3 22(23 (- ,(-3(-(- 3',E

# /! $

-(:12(3= . .1( 1(9+391 ../14: 3-2(.-D

' G 3-2(.-H /1.:(2 ;+3' . (- .1,4.- .1 '.149+391+(232 - 91- 1-12E .23
.9-42 ': - 3-2(.- 3'3 29//.132 1-12 (- 3'(1 12/4: .9-3=E ' 9+3.- .9-3=
.93' .# (2 +.3 3 X^^ 2'(-3.- . (- 23 .(-3B E

13 .-33 3 3' -31 (2 -3 .= (+2.- 1-.;- 91- 1-1 - ..1(-3.1 .
3' 3+-3 1- 1-(- 1.1,E

,1(- .,,9-(3= 1-(- 22.(4.-

' ,1(- .,,9-(3= 1-(- 22.(4.- (2 - ++-3 12.91 .1 1.9/2 3'3 1 (-3123
(- :+./(- 3'(1 2*(++2 - +1-(- 1., .3'1 2922 9+ 1-2E '(1 ;2(3
N;;;E.,,9-(3=1-E.1O '2 ;+3' . 12.912 .- 3' 3./(E '= +2. '.+ 19+1 ;.1*2'./2
;(3' +.+ 1.9/2 3'3 /1.:( 31(-(- .- .,,9-(3= .1-((-B -931(4.-B 9-1(2(-B - .931'E
3+-3 12(-32 ;(++ .139-3+= + 3. 2(+= 3* :-3 . 3' --9+ .- 1- ;'- (3
.,2 '1 (- 9923E ' .- 1- 3912 ;.1*2'./2B *=-.3 2/*12B +, 24:+ - :(2(32 3.
+.+ 1-2E 3(+2 . 3' .- 1- 1 +.;D

ZX23 --9+ .- 1-D

.+(24 //1.' 3. 9(+(- 923(-+ R +3'= .,,9-(42 J ' '.( (2 .912
'912=B 9923 J 9-=B 9923 _B YWXW

.91,(+* -31B 3+-3B .1(


10

' ;2(3 +2. (-+92 2:1+ /1J1.1 3+.- 1-2 .- (:12 1.9/ . 29)32 3'3
/13(- 3. 1-(-B (-+9(- 9-1(2(-B .1-(2B +12'(/B - 1,12 ,1*32E '2 - J
22 3'1.9' 3' .++.;(- +(-*D
'6/DII;;;E.,,9-(3=1-E.1I+1-I31(-(-I3+.- 1-2E/'/


11

Design

2(,/+ - +-3 1- 2(- ;(++ .-31(93 3. 3' 44.-
. 3' -('.1'.. - */ 3' 1- .11+= - /1.94:E '
2 - 1- 23193912 - 11- 2. 3'3 3' 1- -
92 (- .3'1 ;=2 3'3 -3 3' .,,9-(3=E 4:(42 - (-+9
F2B ..*.932B 2,++ '(+1-F2 1- .1 /+= 1E

' +.3 (,-2(.-2 - 2(3 .-(4.-2 ;(++ 2'/ 3' 2(-E ' +.3 (2
13'1 +1 93 (3 2+./2 .- 3' 2(2 - 11 . 3' +.3 +(*+= 9 3.
.9-4.- 3'3 +=2 -3' +=1 . 2.(+C 3' 2+./ +(,(32 3' 92+
1E ..3 1- 23* .- 3' 2(2 2'.9+ 92 3. */ ++
4:(3= .- 2(3 - -.3 2/(++ .:1 .-3. 3' )-3 /1./13=E - (2 This diagram shows approximately
1.,,- ( 9-(- (2 :(++C 3'(2 21:2 3. */ 3' 1- 4:J 10% of the lot dedicated to gardening.
Each plat has 12 beds of 4 feet by 8
(3= .-3(- - 32 2 ,1*1 . .,,9-(3= 2-4.- 2/E
feet. The total square footage used for
each side is 384, which leaves 30 sq. ft.
' (3= . 3+-3B
3' .;-1 . 3'
/1./13=B '2 - .1(-- /1:-4- -= 1-(-
4:(3= 1., (- XWf . 3' +-E ' +- (2
29(:( (-3. 3;. +.32 ' //1.(,3+= [BX[_
2091 3E ' +.3 - ': [X[E_ 20E 3 :.3
3. 1-(- ;(3' 3.3+ . _Y`E] 20E 3 . 1-J
(-E ' .1(-- ;2 ;1(6- 3. +(,(3 +1 2+
1(9+391 (- (3= /1*2E
- 3' -1 9391B (3 ,=
1:(2 3. ++.; 2,++ 1-2 .- /9+(+= .;-
+.32 3. +11 /1-3 . 3' +.3E


12

! $

' 3, , 9/ ;(3' 3'1 2(- ./4.-2 3'3 122 3' .,,9-(3=F2 -2 2 /122 (-
3' .,,9-(3= ,4- - .-.(- .,,9-(4.- ;(3'
- 12(-32E 2(-32 ;-3 2/
3'3 ;2 -.3 )923 1- 93 /+ ;'1 .,,9-(3= ,,12 .9+ (-313E '(+1-F2 /+= 1
;2 ,).1 ,-(3= 2(1 = 12(-32C (3 (2 (-+9 (- ++ 3'1 2(- ./4.-2E 3'1 ,-(42 29'
2 /(-( 3+2 - 1(++2 - 92 :1== .1 .1 2/(+ :-32E ' .,,9-(3= 2'.9+ '..2 3'
2(- 3'3 (2 ,.23 29(3+ .1 3'(1 -2E ;(++ ,* .,,-32 '1 .- ' ./4.- 3. 2'.; 3'
(-'1-3 -32E '- ; ;(++ (2922 3' .,/.--32 . 3' 2(-E .1 +11 :(; . 3' 2(-
1 1 3. 3' 2(- /2 (-+9 ;(3' 3' 1/.13E

! $ 8 8

+1B -31+ 1-(- 1 (2 3' .92 . 3'(2 ./4.-E 1- -31- (- .1,2 3' /221= . 3'
2(-3 2/ (- 3' (-31(.1E ' .:+ /3' /1.:(2 2= 22 1.9- 3' 1- 2 ;++ 2 -
23'4 3'3 1(- .12 3' .,,9-+(3= 3'3 3' 1- 6,/32 3. -13E


13

' ,).1 (!1- 3;- X - X (2 3'3 X 2'.;2 '.; ,.1 2 - 3 (-3. 3' 1-(- .:+E
' 2 1 11- (- 1( /61-B ;'(' (-122 2 . ,.:,-3 3'1.9' 3' 2E


14

! 9

/4.- Y (2 2(,/+ 2(- 3'3 (2 9-4.-+ - 21:2 3' -2 . 3' .,,9-(3=E ;. 12 :.3
3. 1-(- 1 2/13 = -31+ /3';= +(- 3. ,-(42 (- 3' 11E 1 3. 3' 3+ J
+.; 3. .,/1 3' 2/ :.3 3. 1-(- (- ' ./4.-E

OPTION NUMBER OF BEDS S Q U A R E F O O TA G E

1a 27 864

1b (includes 6 4x4 beds) 42 1,248

2 32 1,024


15

$ !! %$

# 4$
. #
Why Raised Bed Gardening?
' /+= 1 (2 - ++-3 ,-(3= .1 /1-32
;(3' =.9- '(+1- ;'. +(* 3. 1-E
- .91 91J
• More production per square foot - Records at
- -:(1.-,-3 (3 (2 11 3. ': 2/2 ;'1 Dawes Arboretum near Newark, OH. indicate an
9+32 - '(+1- ': 2'1 2/2 3'3 21: average of 1.24 lbs. per square foot of vegetables as
compared to about .6 for the traditional home
.3' . 3',E ' (-+92(.- . 3' /+= 1 .9+
garden.
+ 3. '(' +:+ . (-314.- 3;- 9+32
• Improved soil conditions - Water, air and roots all
. ,9+4/+ -14.-2 - '(+1-E have difﬁculty moving through soil compressed by
tractors, tillers, or human feet. Not so in a raised
$ $ bed. Saturated soils get a dose of lime every spring
via percolation. In a raised bed, gravity reduces
(2 2 ;(++ (,/1.: 3' /1.94:(3=B .1-(J percolation to a trickle, resulting in an acidity that
can be maintained in the 5.8 to 6.8 range that vege-
4.-B - 23'4 . =.91 1-E .23 .,,9J
tables prefer.
-(3= 1-2 1.9- 3+-3 92 2., .1, .
• Use less fertilizer - Concentrate on the growing area
1(2 2 - ,-= 92 1(2 2 +92(:+=E and not on the compact soil in the paths.

• Use less water - The water goes only where it is
(3' 1(2 1-(- =.9 ;(++ 2..- 2 3' needed.
1391- .- (-:23,-3 (- 31,2 . /1.94:(3= . • Pest control - if burrowing rodents are abundant,
3' /+-32B 2:(-2 1., 2.(+B 14+(1 - ;31B the bottom of the bed can be lined with poultry
wire or hardware cloth.
- 3' 2 . ,(-3-- 9(+3 1('3 (-E
• Less weeds - As with pest control, lining the bottom
)*(%#0 ($$% ,) % ( ) ) ($ * of the bed with plastic, mulch or cloth stops the
weeds. Weeds that do appear come up out of the
%'+% 0,( (% * )* )*%( .## loose soil very easily.
(% 1 % '(,+- (% %5 ) # * • Extend the growing season - Beds can be planted
# *(* ) ( #03 . ) (( * $ %* % earlier in the spring and will produce later in the
fall because the soil warms faster and cools slower.
7#0 ) %* ( % .*( -(0 )0 % #)) ( )
# * ( * (*) .% * #0 $'*)85
Courtesy of Farmer D Organics
%#, % )+$* ,* % '#%) ( )*
;: ( ) ) ** . ## )- * $$,% *0
$%0 -(),) ,0 % *$ ($ $%,*,((5


16

' 23-1 ;(3' . 1(2 2 92 = ,.23 1-12 (2 [ 3 ;( 2. 3'3 3' -31 (2 2(+= J
22 1., (3'1 2(E 2(- 3'(2 ;(3' - 12.-+ +-3' ; 23+(2' 3'3 XWH /B [F _F
(2 .23 !4: ,.+ (+ .1 3' +' 313 1-E

(2 2 +1+= ,1* ;'1 1-(- 3*2 /+ - ;'1 /3'2 1 3;- 3',E '1 (2 +22
'- 3'3 3' /+-32 ;(++ 31,/+ .- = 2,++ '(+1- .1 /32E ' 2 +2. ,* (3 2(1 3. (2J
4-9(2' - (::=J9/ /+.32 ,.- .,,9-(3= ,,12E

+.32 2'.9+ 23-1( 2 .- 3' -2 . 3' .,,9-(3=E YF [F /+.3 (2 29#(-3 .1 (-J
-12 ;'. 1 +..*(- 3. 3 3'(1 3 ;3 ;(3' 1-(-E
11 /+.32 . [F [F .1 -= -41 N.1
3;.@O . [F _F ,= -221= 3. ,3 3' -2 . :- 1-12 ;'. ;(++ 2/- ,.1 4,
3-(- 3. 3'(1 /+-32E 2,/+ /+.3 (:(2(.- 3;- 3'1 1-12 - 2- .:E

+.32 - 1 29#(-3 .1 -.:( 1-12 ;'. ;-3 2,++ /+.3 .1 /1(,-4-E ' /+.3
2'.9+ ': 22 3. 3 +23 3;. 2(2 . 3' 3. ,(,( 22 3. 3' -31 . 3' /+.3 -
,* (3 2(1 3. 3-E .1 ,(4.92 1-12 ,= 2* .1 +11 /+.32E ' ,-,-3 3,
2'.9+ += .93 3' 9(+(-2 .1 /+.3 (:(2(.- /1(.1 3. ,,12 ).(-(- (- .11 3. ,(-(,( .-$(32E


17

%

- - 3 ;(++ /1.J
.9-+= -'- 3' +(4,=
. 3' 1-E ' - 2/J
132 3' .,,9-(3= 2-J
4.- 4:(3= . 3' 1-
1., 3' /9+( 4:(3= +.-
3' 2(;+*E ' - .2
-.3 - 3. +.13 .1
(,/-31+E
3 - ,
1., YF [F 2392E
- 3B
3=/(+ ;.. - (2 -.3 2(1J
+ 2(- (3 +.*2 29-+('3 (-
3' ,.1-(- - :-(-E

' 3 21:2 2 /.13+ 3.
3' 1- - 23+(2'2
2(1+ - 2(+= 1.-(J
+ (,E
3 2=2B G3'(2 (2 .91
1- - ;F1 /1.9 . (3EH
' 3 .2 -.3 ': 3. +.2
.1 +.*E
3 ;.9+ '22+ .1
1- ,-12 3. ': 3. +3
,,12 (- :1= =E ' 3
- , = .,,9-(3=
,,1 1., [F [F +9,1E
* 291 (3 (2 291 (-3. 3'
1.9- (- 2 231.- 23.1, .,2 (-E ' 2(- 3. 3' 3 109(12 +(6+ ,.1 2*(++ 2 /12-3 '1
93 2(- 3'3 (2 3' .,,9-(3=F2 .;- ;(++ . +.- ;=E


18

Building the Raised Beds

13 ;= 3. 3 ++ 3' 2 9(+3 3 .- (2 3. .1-( .,,9-(3= 9(+ :-3 ;'1 +1 1.9/
3'12 .- 3' 2(3 - /932 3' 2 3.3'1 (- ,61 . '.912E
3' ;.. (2 /193 3' .-+= 3..+2
=.9F++ - 1 /.;1 1(++2 - 192'2 .1 +.3'2E

%#$

' 2 - 9(+3 '/+= ( 1(++2 1 .-3 .1 2'.13 31, 92E ' .++.;(- 3+ 2'.;2 :1=J
3'(- =.9F++ - 3. 3 2313E
3'1 (2 -. 2; :(++B ': 3' ;.. /193 3 3' '1;1 23.1E
. -.3 9= 313 ;..E .9 .-F3 ;-3 3' ',(+2 (- 3' ;.. 2/(- (-3. 3' ..E .9F++ ': 3.
313 3' ;.. ;(3' +(-2 .(+ .1 -.3'1 -391+ .(+ 3'3 ;.-F3 !3 3' 2.(+E

M AT E R I A L S 1 RAISED BED 10 BEDS PRICE*

2x10x12 Untreated Yellow Pine 2 boards cut at the 8’/4’ mark 20 boards $236.47

2x4x12 Untreated Dried Whitewood four 10” pieces per bed 3 studs $15.95

Boiled Linseed Oil several ounces 2 cans $17.08

Drywall Screws 16 screws 160 screws $12.72

TOTAL $282.22

*Price total with estimated sales tax based on Lowes hardware prices.


19

+) % %!%#

% 8 +% % !#$3 ;. .12B ' YH XWH XYF ;(++ ,*
3' 2(2 . 3' E 93 ' .1 3 3' _ ..3 ,1* ,*(-
231('3 93 1.22 3' XWH .1E

% 9 +% % $%+$3 93 3' 2392 (-3. XWH +.- /(2E .9F++
- [ 239J29//.132 /1 E

% : %#% % -!!3 .* +.3' (- +(-2 .(+ - 19 (3 1.22
' .1 - 239J29//.13 .:1(- ++ 2(2E '(2 23/ (2 :1=
(,/.13-3 ( =.9 ;-3 3' 2 3. +23 .1 =12E
3 3' ;.. 1=
.,/+3+= .1 /1.(- 3. 3' -3 23/E

% ; $% % -!!3 2 /.;1 1(++ N .1+22 1(++ ,= -.3
': -.9' /.;1O 3. 1(++ .1 '.+2 3'1.9' 3' .12 3. 3'
239 29//.132E 1(++ 3;. '.+2 ' X XIY (-'2 1., 3' 3./ -
.6., . 3' +.- .1E 1(++ 3;. '.+2 ' Y (-'2 1., 3'
3./ - .6., . 3' 2'.13 .1 3'1.9' 3' ,(+ . 3' Y
[E * 291 3' +.- 2( . 3' Y [ (2 97- 3' +.- .1E
1(++ 3' 1=;++ 21; (-3. 3' '.+ ,*(- 3' 3'1 /(2 .
;.. $92' 3.3'1E

% %3 + 3' .- (32 /1,--3 +.4.-E
* 291 3' 1.9- -3' (2 2 $3 2 /.22(+E

% = -% $!3
(++ 3' ;(3' 2.(+
XIYH 3. XH 1., 3' 3./ . 3' E - ./4.- .1 ++(-
3' 2.(+ (2 3. +(- 3' .6., . 3' ;(3' ,2' 3. /1J
:-3 ; 1.;3' .1 '(*- ;(1 3. */ .93 911.;(-
1.-32E - 3' 2.(+ (2 1= (3F2 4, 3. /+-3@


20

Design Phases

' .,,9-(3= - ,(,( 3' +.-:(3= - :((+(3= . 3' 1- = 23+(2'(- .+2 3. ,3E
' .++.;(- (2 .91 1.,,-4.- .1 /'2(- (- (!1-3 2/32 . 3' 1-E

$ 3 87 $ $2 !!$% %

3 (2 (,/.13-3 3. 3 .! 3. .. 2313E ' 123 /'2 . 3'
/1.)3 2'.9+ .92 .- 7- ;++ .1-( 1-
23 9/E %1 3' ,-,-3 3, (2 (- /+B !.132 2'.9+
, 3. 291 9-2 .1 .-4.-2 .1 XW 1(2 2B 2.(+B
1- 3..+2 - .,/.23 (-E 2,++ .,/.23 (- -
92 .1 -.; - /- .- +31 N ''% / ( $6
')* % '#%)OE - 2 ;1 '.2- 2 .+ 92 (3 (2 12.-+ .+ .-2(1(- 3' .23 .
9(+(- 3' 2 - 3' 2./ . 3' ;.1* (-:.+:E
3'1 (2 -.9' (-3123 (- 3' .,,9-(3= -
3' 9-2 3. ,3' ,.1 2 - 9(+3 (- 3' (-(4+ /'2E ' 2 2'.9+ +( .93 .1(- 3.
3' 2(- - ;(3' 3' 9-123-(- 3'3 ,.1 2 ;(++ 11(: (- 3' 9391E

' 1-F2 3 ;(3' 3' 2(- 6' ;(++ (- 3' /1.22 . 14- - (, .1 3' 1-E
.,,9-(3= ,,12 ;(++ 22.(3 3' 2(- ;(3' 3' /+E

$ 3 !! $

2 3' 1- 1.;2B =.9 ;(++ - /+ .1 23.1 - /+2 3. 2(3 91(- 1*2E 3..+ 2' ;(3'
+.* .- (3 - /+ .- 3' 2(3E .;:1B 291 3. '* ;(3' 3' (3= . 3+-3 .1 9(+(-
-= /1,--3 2319391E ,-(42 +(* /(-( 3+2B .1 2-. ;(++ 3. 3' .,,9-+ 2/3 .
3' 1- - /1.:( 123 1 .1 1-12 (- - . 1*E

-.3'1 ,-(3= 3'3 - 3. 3' 2923(-(+(3= . 3' 1- (2 ;31 .++4.- 9-(3E ' 9-(3 -
.,(- ;(3' 3' 3..+ 2'E 2(,/+ ;31 .++4.- 9-(3 - 9(+3 ;(3' 29//+(2 1., +.+
'1;1 23.1E (-B '* 3' (3= .1(-- 3. ,* 291 3'(2 (2 ++.;E


21

(-++=B ,.1 2 ;(++ - 3. 9(+3 3. .,,.3 3' ,- .1 /+.32E 1:(; . 3' -221=
2/ 109(1,-32 2'.9+ 1:(; 3 :1= 29209-3 /'2E

$ 3

- - 1 . 1((+(3= 3. 3' 1-E
3 132 - (, 3'3 /1.)32 3'3 3' 2/ (2
92 .1 2-4.- 4:(3=E
3 - +2. /-2(: - (#9+3 3. 13E '- 3' 1- (2 23J
+(2' - 19--(- 2922 9++= .1 ; =12B ,-12 2'.9+ .-2(1 3' - 2 - ./4.- 3. -J
'- 3' 1-E - ./4.- (2 3. 9(+ 3' - 1.9- 3' -41 /1./13=E -.3'1 ./4.- (2 3. +:
3' 1.-3 . 3' 2(3 ./- N-.
-O 3. ,(,( 22 (- -
.93 . 3' 1-E ' 3;. /1./J
142 .- 3' 2( . 3' 1-
,= ,.1 2(1+ ( -
(2 (- /+E


22

# / ! %#$% !

31,(- ;'3'1 1- (2 1++= 2.,3'(- 3'3 =.91 .,,9-(3= ;-32E -13 (2 .93 ;'3
*(- . 1- (3 2'.9+ L. =.9 ;-3 3. 1.; 19(32 - :3+2B $.;12B '12B -.-J(+
/+-32B 3C . =.9 ;-3 2/ .1 '(+1-F2 /+= 12C . =.9 ;-3 2/ .1 .,,9-(3= 3'1(-2A
* 291 3. (-+9

(-3123 /./+JJ 12(-32B 3--32B .,,9-(3= .1-(4.-2B +.+ '.149+J
391 2.(42B .1 -=.- +2 ;'. (2 +(*+= 3. (-3123 (- /14(/4-E

!# !(

' /+--(- .,,(6 (2 .,/1(2 . 3'.2 ;'. 1 .,,(6 3. 3' 14.- . 3' 1-B -
;'. ': 4, 3. :.3 3. (3B 3 +23 3 3'(2 (-(4+ 23E '(2 .,,(6 2'.9+ .1, 29J.,,(62
3. 3*+ 2/( 32*2 29' 2 9-(-B /13-12'(/2 - .-23194.-E ' ,-,-3 2319391
2'.9+ '.2- (- 3' (-(4+ /+--(- /'22E

!# % %

' /+--(- .,,(6 2'.9+ (-4 = ,,12 . 3' .,,9-(3= 3. 21: 2 +.-J31, 1- ,-J
12E

%# #+$ +% % %! -#

31,(- ;'3 *(- . 19+4- 2319391 (2 23 .1 =.91 .,,9-(3=E 13 3' 1.9- 19+2B -
3'- /93 3', (- ;1(4- 2. 3'3 /14(/4- 12(-32 *-.; ;'3 3'= - - --.3 .B - 2. 3'
.1-(12 *-.; '.; 3' .,,9-(3= ;-32 3' 1- 3. 9-4.-E ,/+2 . (2292 3'3 1 23
+3 ;(3' = 23+(2'(- 1 9/.- 19+2 1D
3'1 1 ,,12'(/ 92B '.; ;(++ 3' ,.-=
92A
/+.32 1 22(-B '.; ;(++ 3'= 22(- - ;'3 (2 3' /+.3 .;-1F2 12/.-2((+(3= .1
,(-3(-(- 3' /+.3A (++ 3..+2 2'1 ,.- 1-12A '- ;(++ 3' 1-12 ,3A .; ;(++
2( ,(-3-- '-+A
1- +12'(/ '-2 '-2B -; +12 ;(++ ': +1 9-1J
23-(- . 1- /.+((2E

( ! $


23

'..2 3' 2(- 3'3 23 21:2 3' -2 . 3' .,,9-(3=E

#% +%

- 3' 2(- '2 - -+(B 3* - (-:-3.1= . 3' ,.9-3 . ,31(+2 3'3 ;(++ -E
2 :.+9-31 +.1 2 ,9' 2 /.22(+ - (-4 = (-J*(- .-4.-2 .1 -221= ,31(+2E 2 3'
93 .1, /1.:( (- 3' //-( 2 =.91 9(E

. + !! $

-= 1-2 1 2+ J29//.13 3'1.9' ,,12'(/ 92B 93 ,-= 1-2 (23 3'1.9' 2/.-2.1J
2'(/B .-4.-2B .1 .3'1 2.912 . 9-(-E .-4.-2 . ,.-=B 3..+2B 22B .1 /142 ,= -J
221=E

## ,! % $%

.-2(1 ;'1 3' 29-2'(- ++2 .- 3' 2(3B ;'3'1 ;31 (2 :(++B - 3' 09+(3= . 3' 2.(+E .
2.(+ 324- 3. 31,(- ;'3'1 =.9 - /+-3 (13+= (-3. 3' 1.9-E 1-( :.+9-31 ;.1* 1;2
3. '+/ /1/1 3' 2(3 N .2 3' +- - 3. +:+A .2 2.(+ - 3. A .2 -
- 3. .-23193AO

!+ %

+/ 1- ,,12 */ (- 3.9' ;(3' .- -.3'1 .93 ;'3F2 .(- .- (- 3' 1-B - */ 3'
.,,9-(3= (- .1, .93 ;'3 (2 '//-(- (- 3' 1-E ,(+ 1.9/2B /'.- 312B -('.1'..
-;2+612 - /12-34.-2 3. .,,9-(3= ,,12 1 .,,.-+= 92E (++ =.9 ': 19+1+=
2'9+ .,,9-(3= ,4-2 3'3 3* /+ (- 3' 1-A
=.9 ': 3' 12.912B 13 1(-J
/1.. 9++4- .1 (- 3' 1- 3. (2/+= :-32 - 19+2 . 3' 1-E

% !+% %# %2 .2 ! % -% !#$1


24

What to Grow?
G'3 3. 1.;H (2 09(* 9( 3. ; .,,.- 1- /+-32E ;(++ +2. (-+9 ,.1 (-J/3'
.,/-(.- 9(2 3. ;(1 11= . /+-32 (- 3' //-(E .23 . 3' 9(2 1 1., F2 1(9+J
391+ 3-2(.- /1.1,E .3' 9(2 1 ++-3 12.912 3'3 - 92 = .,,9-(3= ,,12
- ,-12 3. ,* 3' 1- +92' - /1.94:E

.,3.2

# %! %

'2 /+-32 /1 1 ;++J/1/1B ;++J1(- 2.(+ (- 9++ 29- N_ 3. XW '.912 ;(++ 29#O

!- %! %
(* 2/.3 3'3 1(:2 ,/+ 29-+('3 - 323 3' 2.(+F2 / +:+ K =.9 ;-3 3;- ] - ^E N. (-J
12 3' ' +:+B +(,E . 12 (3B 29+ 91EO
/1 .,/.23 .:1 3'(2 1 - ,( (3 ;(3' 3' 2.(+E ( '.+ .1 ' 2B +:(- 3 +23 ..3 (-
3;- .1 1.;3'B .:1 3', - 1,+= /3 .;- 3' 2.(+E 31 3', ;(3' 2/1= .6+ .9/+
4,2 /1 ;*E

# %
.,3.2 - 29#(-3 ;31B .93 X (-' /1 ;*E 1.9'3J!3 /+-32 /1.9 2,++1 -
;1 3.,3.2E 9+' /+-32 3. ,(-3(- :- 2.(+ ,.(2391B 93 += ,9+'(- 1+= /+-4-2 9-4+
3' 2.(+ ;1,2 9/E '- 3' 3.,3.2 +..,B .1 ;'- 3'= 23 3' 123 19(3B (2 .. 19+ . 3'9, 3.
(-(3 3'3 3' 2.(+2 1 ;1,E %1 3' /+-32 ': 23 3.,3.2 .93 3' 2( . .+ ++2B 2(J
122 ;(3' .,/+3 14+(1E


25

1:23 3' 19(3 2 (3 1(/-2B .1 ( 1.23 (2 (,,(--3 .1 209(11+2 - (12 1 7- 3' 3.,3.2
09(*1 3'- =.9 1B /(* 3', ;'- 3' 1- 19(3 2313 2'.;(- 1 .+.1 J 3'= ;.-F3 3 -= 1(/1B
93 3'= ;(++ G1 9/H ,.1 %1 (- /(*E

(2'2

# %! %
(2'2 3'1(: (- 2.(+ ;(3' / +:+ . 1.9- ] .1 ^E +-3 1(2'2 (- 9++ 29- N_ 3.
XW '.912 ;(++ 29#O .1 /14+ 2' N+31 29- ++ = .1 2' /13 . 3' =OE

!- %! %
(++ 29--= /3' (- =.91 1-E .; 22 .93 Z /1 (-' (- 1.;2 _ 3. XW (-'2 /13E +-3 3'
22 e (-' +.; 3' 2.(+F2 291 E

# %
31 3', +('3+= :1= .9/+ =2B .1 //+= X (-' . ;31 ;'- 3'1 '2 - -. 1(- .1 ;* .1
2.E (2'2 1 23 1.;12 - 2'.9+ 1= 3. /9++ (- 2:1+ ;*2E .-F3 ;(3 3.. +.-B .1 3'=F++
(- 3. 31(.13E (2'2 1 -.3 +.1J(-3-2(: /+-32E . .1 /9++ 3' ;2B 2/(++= ;'(+ 3'
2+(-2 1 2,++B 2. 3'= .-P3 .,/3 ;(3' 3' 1(2'2 .1 ;31 - -931(-32E

1:23 2/1(- 1(2'2 3 .93 X (-' (- 2( - ;(-31 1(2'2 3 Z (-'2E (2'2 23./ :+./(-
(- '.3 ;3'1 - 2- 9/ 2 23+*2E


26

9'(-(

# %! %
9'(-( /+-32 ;(++ 3.+13 ,.23 2.(+ .-(4.-2 2 +.- 2 (3 '2 .. 1(-E +-32
3'1(: (- 9++ 29-B 93 - -91 /14+ 2' ( -221=

!- %! %

- ,.9- . .,/.23 2.(+ ..3 '(' - .9/+ 3 ;(B 2.; 2:1+ 9'(-( 22E / '
,.9- //1.(,3+= Z 3 /13B ;31 3', ':(+= :1= .3'1 = - ;(3 .1 3', 3. 2/1.93 (-
.9/+ ;*2E

# %
31 3' 22 ':(+= :1= .3'1 = - ;(3 .1 3', 3. 2/1.93 (- .9/+ ;*2E '= 2'.9+
1= 3. '1:23 .93 ,.-3' +31E .9 2'.9+ 31= 3. :.( ;7- 3' /+-3P2 +:2 2 3'(2 ;(++ -J
.91 (22E - 3' /+-32 ': 3*- .!B =.9 2'.9+ 3'(- .93 3' ;* /+-32 - +: -. ,.1
3'- 3;. /+-32 /1 ,.9-E

.9 2'.9+ /(* 9'(-(2 ;'- 3'= 1 .93 2( (-'2 +.-E

32

# %! %
'2 1..3 1./2 109(1 ;++J/1/1 +.,= 2.(+E 32 . 23 (- 2.(+ 3'3 (2
-931+ 3. +*+(- N1,,1 3'3 / . ÊW (2 -931+C .: ÊWB 3' 2.(+ (2
+*+(-C +.; ÊWB 3' 2.(+ (2 ((EOE ' 2.(+ 2'.9+ +2. ': '(' /.322(9,
+:+B 22-4+ .1 .. 1..3 :+./,-3E 1(- (2 (,/.13-3B 2/(++= (
=.9 2(1 3. 2313 3' /+-32 1+=B 2. 3'3 3' 2.(+ (2 1= -.9' 3. ;.1*E +-3
32 (- 9++J29- +.4.-


27

!- %! %

- 1.;2B 2.; 3 22 X (-' /13B - ++.; XY 3. X (-'2 3;- 1.;2E
- 1(2 B 2.; 3'
1.;2 _ 3. XW (-'2 /13 1.22 3' E .:1 3' 22 ;(3' XIY (-' . - 2.(+E

# %
'2 /+-32 109(1 +(6+ 1E . .1 /9++ 3' ;2 2. 3'3 3'= .-P3 .,/3 ;(3' 3' 32 .1 ;J
31 - -931(-32E
-. 1(- ++2 .1 ^ 3. XW =2B //+= X (-' . ;31E

1:23 3./2 ;'- 3'= 1 ] (-'2 '('B - 92 3', 2 =.9 ;.9+ 92 2/(-'E 1:23 1..32 ;'-
3'= 1 XXIY 3. Y (-'2 (- 2(E

11.32

# %! %
'2 1..32 109(1 /+= /1/1B ;++J1(- 2.(+E 11.32 ;(++ 1.; (-
2.(+2 ;(3' ;( 1- . ((3= .1 +*+(-(3=E . -.3 //+= +(, .1 =/29, 3.
1- 2.(+2 9-+22 =.9 ': 323 3', 3. ,* 291 3' +(9, (2
-E '(' +:+ . 2.(+ /.322(9, (2 22-4+ .1 .. 1..3 :+./,-3E
(: 11.32 9++J29- +.4.-

!- %! %
.1 1.;2B 2.; 11.3 22 .93 Z /1 (-'B - ++.; XY 3. X (-'2 3;- 1.;2E .1 1(2 B
2.; 3' 1.;2 _ 3. XW (-'2 /13 1.22 3' E .1 .3' ,3'.2B .:1 3' 22 ;(3' XI[ (-' .
- 2.(+E

# %
+(6+ '.(- .1 /9++(- . ;2B 2/(++= ;'(+ 3' 2+(-2 1 2,++B ;(++ /1:-3 ;2 1.,
.,/4- ;(3' 3' 11.32 .1 ;31 - -931(-32E
-. 1(- ++2 .1 ^ 3. XW =2B //+= X (-' . ;31E

1:23 3' 11.32 ;'- 3'= 1 3 +23 XIY (-' (- (,31E

28

/(-'

# %! %
/(-' /1 12 9++ 29- N_ 3. XW '.912 ;(++ 29#OB 93 3. 3- (32 /1.J
94.- (-3. 3' '.3 29,,1 ,.-3'2B /+-3 (3 (- /14+ 2' N+31 29-
++ = .1 2' /13 . 3' =O 3. */ (3 ..+1E ;++J1(- +.4.-
- /1.:( '+3'(1 /+-32E ' /+-32 - +.32 . ;31 .1 :(.1.92
1.;3'B 93 3' 1..32 --.3 23- 2.= 2.(+2E

!- %! %
.; 2/(-' 2 (- 1.;2 XY (-'2 /13B - 3'(- 3. X /+-3 :1= ] (-'2E
- B 2 (- 1.;2 ]
(-'2 /13 1.22 3' B .1 1.23 3' 2C 3'(- 2+(-2 3. [ 3. ] (-'2 (- ' (14.-E .1
.-4-9.92 29//+= . 2/(-'B ,* (4.-+ /+-4-2 :1= ^ 3. XW =2

# %
'2 /+-32 - 23- 1E '= ,923 /+-3 1+= - '1:23 .1 '.3 ;3'1 11(:2E

/ 3' /+-32 1.;(-B - ;31 2 - 3. /1.:( .93 X (-' /1 ;*E /(-' /+-32 1 2'+J
+.;+= 1..3 - 2(+= 9/1..3B 2. ; = 1 9+ '.(- .1 /9++(- ;'(+ 3' /+-32 1 2,++E 232
- (222 ,= !3 /+-4-2E .-31.+ /'(2 ;(3' (-24(+ 2./E .:1(- 3' /+-32 ;(3'
'2+.3' .1 92(- .,,1(+ 1.; .:12 (2 3' .-+= ;= 3. /1.33 3',E

1:23 2/(-' = 2-(//(- .! .931 +:2 2 2..- 2 3'= 1 +1 -.9' 3. 92E '- /+-32 1
+1 -.9' 3. '1:23B 93 :1= .3'1 .-B +:(- ,.1 1.., .1 3' .3'12E 2 2..- 2 3' /+-32
(- 3. .+3 N2- 9/ 2 23+*2OB '1:23 ++ 3'3 1,(- .1 3'= 1 2/.(+E

2
# %! %
2 1 (+= ..+J;3'1 /+-32B (-3.+1-3 . '.3 ;3'1E 2B +(* .-(.-2 -
1(2' /.33.2B
,923 /+-3 2 1+= (- 3' 22.- 2 /.22(+ J /1(- 1-12 929++= G1.; 9/H /13 . 3'


29

1- (- 3' ++ )923 .1 3'2 1+= :3+2E +-3 /2 (- 3' 1- 2 2..- 2 3' 2.(+ -
;.1* (- 2/1(-B 3;- +-4-F2 = - ,(J1'E 2 - 9++ 29- N_ 3. XW '.912 ;(++ 29#O
.1 9++ /1.94.-E (- 3'= ;(++ /+-3 :1= 1+=B 2.(+ (- /13 . 3' 1- 3'3 1(-2 ;++ -
1(2 .93 1+= (- 3' 2/1(- (2 - :-3E .1 +3 /1.94.-B /14+ 2' N+31 29- ++ = .1
2' /13 . 3' =O 2'(+2 3' /+-32 1., (-3-2 '3 - ,= /1.+.- 3' 22.-E

!- %! %

- B /+-3 22 (- 1.;2 1.22 3' B .1 /+-3 .9+ 1.;2B ] (-'2 /13 +.- ' 2( . 3'
B - 23 29//.132 3;- 3',E

# %
2 ,= (3'1 92' .1 :(-(- 3=/2E 92' /2 1 2+ J29//.14-E +(- :(-(- 3=/2 .- 29//.13
. 2., *(- .-21:2 2/B ,*2 /(*(- 2(1B - */2 3' /2 1., 7- ,9= :1= 4,
(3 1(-2E 91 - 2-/ /2 1 -1+= ++ :(-(- 3=/2E 2 - 3. ;31 .-+= 91(- 1=
2/1(-C 3'= 109(1 .93 X (-' . ;31 :1= XW =2E

1:23 -+(2' .1 1- /2 ;'- 3'= 1 9++ 2( - .1 3' 22 (- 3. 1=E .2 2'.9+
1-B -.3 =3 391-(- 3-E 1:23 2-/ /2 ;'- 3' /.2 1 9++ 2( .1 3' :1(3= - .1
3' 22 1 ,391E 1:23 291 /2 ;'- 3' /.2 1 9++= .1,B 93 .1 3' 22 (- 3.
:+./E

//12

# %! %
//12 1 ;1,J;3'1 /+-32E +-3 ///12 (-
;++J1(- /13 . 3' 1- 3'3 1(:2 9++ 29-E

!- %! %
(++ 3' 2.(+ ;(3' .3' .,/.23 - /2., 2+32B ;'(' ;(++ ,* (3 1(' (- ,-2(9, 3. '+/ 3' //J
/12 :+./ '+3'(+=E (- 3'= 1.; 23 (- ;1, 2.(+B 2.; 3' 22 ..3 .1 ,.1 /13 (- 1(2
2E 31 3', 109-3+=B */(- 3' 2.(+ ,.(23B .1 3'= ,= 323 (61 .- '1:23E

30

# %
//12 1 2= 3. 1.;B 93 (222 - /232 ,= ., /1.+,2 ( =.9 1 -.3 +13 3. 3',E
//12 - X (-' . ;31 /1 ;*C ;31 3', ( -391 .2 -.3 ../13E (J122 3' /+-32
;(3' .,/+3 14+(1 ;'- 3'= ': 23 19(3E

-+ ++ '.3 ///12 ;(3' 1@ '(2 /.(-3 --.3 .:1,/'2(E 1 191 +.:2 ( 3'1 1
-= 932 .- =.91 '-2E . -.3 3.9' =.91 .1 =2 %1 3.9'(- '.3 ///12 .1 21(.92 = ,J
- 129+3E 1:23 2;3 ///12 3 -= 2(E (* ++ ///12 ;'(+ 3'= 1 1-B .1 3'=
391- .+.1E (* 3' -; 1('3+= .+.1 ++ ///12 2 3'= ,391E %1 1(/-(-B 3' $:.12 (,/1.:E
1:23 '.3 ///12 ;'- 3'= 1 1J1(/ 9-+22 3' 1(/ ++2 .1 1- '(+(2E 97- 3' ///12
;(3' 2'1/ *-( .1 2'12 (2 61 ,3'. 3'- /9++(- 3', .!B ;'(' ,= 1* 3' /+-32E

69

# %! %

69 - 23- 1E +-3 (3 1+= - '1:23 (3 .1 '.3
;3'1 11(:2E
69 /1 12 9++ 29- N_ 3. XW '.912 ;(++ 29 J
OB 93 3. ': 3- /1.94.- 91(- 3' '.3 29,,1
,.-3'2B /+-3 (3 (- /14+ 2' N+31 29- ++ = .1 2'
/13 . 3' =OE ++-3 1(- (2 -(+ .1 3'2 /+-32 - +.32 . ;31 .1 :(.1.92 1.;3'E

69 +2. 1.;2 :1= ;++ (- .-3(-12B :- .- /.1'2 - /4.2B 93 ,.1 6-4.- ;(++
- 3. ;31(- - 14+((-E

!- %! %
+ +69 (- 31(/+ 1.;2 NZ +.2+= 2/ 1.;2 (- 1.;O XY (-'2 /13E '(- + +69 3. [
(-'2 - ( .1 1.,(- 3=/2 3. ] (-'2E
- 2B 2.; 1.;2 ] (-'2 /13B 3'- 3'(- 3. [ 3. ] (-'2
3;- /+-32E


31

# %

69 (2 ..+J;3'1 1./ 3'3 - 1.;- (- 2/1(- .1 ++E .3 ;3'1 922 (3 3. ., (61
- 3. :+./ 3++ 2 23+*E . */ 3' /+-32 1.;(-B ;31 3', 2 -B .93 X (-' . ;J
31 /1 ;*E .-31.+ ;2 ;'(+ 3' /+-32 1 2,++ = 1 9+ '.(- .1 /9++(-E 1 9+C +69
/+-32 1 2'++.;+= 1..3 - 2(+= 9/1..3E

1:23 + +69 = 2-(//(- .! 3' .931 +:2 2 2..- 2 3'= 1 +1 -.9' .1 =.91 92E '-
/+-32 1 +1 -.9'B '1:23 :1= .3'1 .-B +:(- ,.1 1.., .1 3' .3'12E 1:23 'B (B
- 1.,(- +69 ;'- 3' '2 1 9++ 2(E /1.+, ;(3' +69 /(* (- '.3 ;3'1 (2 3'3 (3
;(++ (61E 2' (3 - 23.1 (3 (- 3' 1 1(13.1 .1 .9/+ . =2B - (3 ;(++ +.2 3' (61-22E

-(.-

# %! %
+-3 .-(.-2 (- 9++ 29- N_ 3. XW '.912 ;(++ 29#O (- ;++J/1/1B ;++J
1(- 2.(+E

!- %! %
+.; 3' 2.(+ ..3 / - 3 1( . 1(2E 2 /12(4 -,3.2 3. /1:-3 ,.32 - 93J
;.1,2 1., 231.=(- 3' 1./E +-3 3' 22 .9/+ -4,312 / - 2:1+ (-'2 /13E
3'(2 1 109-3+= 93 -3+= - /1.:( 3', ;(3' .93 - (-' . ;31 :1= ;*E '-
3'= 1 .93 [ (-'2 3++B =.9 - 3'(- 3', .93 3. X (-' /13 .1 1- .-(.-2 - Z (-'2 /13
.1 1= .-(.-2E

# %
-(.-2 1 2'++.;+= 1..3B 2. 1 9+ 2 =.9 '. .1 /9++ ;2E 1= 3. 3 2 ,9' 3./ 1.;3' 2
/.22(+ = 3' 123 = . 29,,1E 9+2 (- 3. .1, ;'- 3' =2 1' .93 X '.912 (- +-3'B
- 3' 2( . 3' 1= .-(.-2 (2 31,(- = 3' 2( . 3' 3./2E //+= X (-' . ;31 ' ;* (
3' ;3'1 (2 1=E


32

1:23 1- .-(.-2 ;'- 3' 23,2 1 /-(+J2(E 9++ -= 1= .-(.-2 3'3 .1, $.;1 23+*2B -
92 3', (,,(3+= 92 3'= ;(++ -.3 23.1 ;++ 2 1= .-(.-2E '- 3' 3./2 (- 3. =++.; -
++ .:1B /9++ 3', 3. .- 2( ;(3' 3' * . 1*E 9++ 3' 1= .-(.-2 ;'- ++ 3' 3./2 ': .-
.;-B /1 1+= (- 3' ,.1-(- 91(- 1= ;3'1E
3 3', 1= 3'1 (- 3' 1- ;'1 =.9 /9++
3', 9-4+ %1-..-B 3'- .++3 3', - 2/1 3', .- 21-2 .1 2+32 2. 3'3 3'= - 91 .1 Y
3. Z ;*2E %1 3'= 1 91B *-.* .! 2 ,9' 2.(+ 2 /.22(+B - 93 3' 1= 3./2 3. .93 XXIY
(-'2 +.-E . -.3 /+ 3' 9+2B - . -.3 ;2' 3',E 2 , .-(.-2 (,,(3+=E 3.1 3'
.-(.-2 (- ,2' 2 .1 ;(1 2*32 (- 1=B ..+ /+B - 3'= ;(++ +23 ++ ;(-31E

-2

# %! %
+.4.- ;(3' 3 +23 ] '.912 . 29-+('3 = - ;++J1(- 2.(+ ;(++
/1.9 '+3'= -2 .1 =.9E (:(- 3', 9++J29- +.4.- N_ 3. XW
'.912 ;(++ 29#O ;(++ ,* 3', :- '//(1E

!- %! %
.; 22 . 92' -2 Y 3. Z (-'2 /13B - .:1 3', ;(3' X (-' . 2.(+E .; 22 . /.+ -2
] (-'2 /13 (- 1.;2 +.- - .1 31++(2B .1 2.; 3', (- '(++2 . ] 22 1.9- /.+2 23 Z 3
/13C 3'- .:1 3' 22 ;(3' X (-' . 2.(+E

# %
-2 109(1 +(6+ 1 /3 19+1 ;(- - 093 ;31 ( 3' ;3'1 (2 1=E ' /+-32
- .93 X (-' . ;31 /1 ;*E

.+ -2 1 ,9' 2(1 3. '1:23 3'- 92' -2 92 3'= 1 9/ (- 3' (1 - -. -(-
.:1 (2 (-:.+:E 1:23 2-/ -2 ;'- 3' /.2 1 1, - 9++= +.-3B 93 .1 3' 22
(- 3. 2;++E (* -2 19+1+= 3. */ 3' /+-32 /1.9(-E /3 3. + 3. '1:23 92'


33

-2 Y .1 Z 4,2B - 3'- (21 3' /+-4-E (* /.+ -2 ++ 22.-C 3'= ;(++ .-4-9 3. /1.J
9 ( */3 /(* +-E

092'

# %! %
. ': 3' 23 '1:23B /+-3 2092'2 (- ;++J1(- 2.(+ (- - 1 ;(3'
9++ 29- N_ 3. XW '.912 ;(++ 29#OB +3'.9' 3'= ;(++ 1.; - /1.9 (-
+('3 2' N2., 1-12 1.; 2092' 3;- 1.;2 . .1-OE

!- %! %
.; ] 22 .1 23 Y .1 Z 31-2/+-3 2+(-2 (- '(++2 .93 3 /13B ;(3' 1.;2 XW 3 /13E 1
2/ 3' /+-32 XW 3 /13 .;- 3' ,(+2 . 2E 3 3' /+-32 3 3' 2, /3' 3'= ;1
1.;(-E '(- 3' 2+(-2 3. Y .1 Z /1 '(++ ;'- 3'= 1 ( -.9' 3. '-+E 92' 3=/2 1 ;++
29(3 .1 2B 2/ Z 3 /13 .;- 3' ,(+2 . 3' 2E

# %
092' - 3* +.3 . 1..,B 2. /1/1E (-(- 3=/2 ;(++ 2/1 XW 3 .1 ,.1B 93 -
1.;- .- 31++(22 ;(3' 093 29//.13 .1 3' ':= 19(32E 092'2 109(1 +.32 . ;31 -
14+(1 %1 3'= 23 19(3E //+= X (-' . ;31 /1 ;* ( -391 .2 -.3 ../13E 14+( ;(3'
-(31.- ;'- 3' :(-2 ': +,.23 .:1 3' 1.9-B 93 291 3. 1(-2 3' 14+(1 .! 3'
+:2E

1:23 29,,1 2092'2 ;'(+ 3'= 1 24++ (,,391B 3 3' /1./1 2( .1 3' 3=/E (* +.-3
3=/2 ;'- 3'= 1 ] 3. _ (-'2 +.- - +22 3'- Y (-'2 (- (,31E (* /6= /- N2++./O
3=/2 ;'- 3'= 1' .93 [ (-'2 (- (,31E +- 3. '1:23 :1= = ;'- 3' /+-32 1 /1.J
9(- ':(+= 3. 24,9+3 .-4-9 /1.94.- - 3. ,* 291 19(32 1 -.3 ++.; 3. .,
.:1+= +1E


34

.++12

# %! %
.++12 - 9++J29- N_ 3. XW '.912 ;(++ 29#O +.4.- ;(3' ;++J1(- 2.(+E
N 3' (2922(.- .- 2.(+2 (- 3' (-31.94.-EO '= ;(++ /1.9 (- /14+ 2'
N+('3+= +31 29-+('3 .1 9++ 29- .1 .-+= /13 . 3' =OB 93 3' 09+(3= ;(++
(!1-3E ' +:2 ;(++ +11 - $.//(1B - 3' $:.1 ;(++ ,(+1E

!- %! %

- 2B 2/ 3' /+-32 X] 3. X_ (-'2 /13B ;'(' ;(++ ++.; Y .1 Z /+-32 1.22 ' E

# %
' ..+J22.- + = :3+ (2 29/1 .+J'1= ,,1 . 3' ,(+=E .++12 3.+13
.3' ;1, - .+ 3,/13912 61 3'- J (- 3B .++12 1 .%- 1.;- (- 12 ;'1
--.3E '2 /+-32 - 093 ;31B 2/(++= (- '.3 ;3'1B 2. =.9 2'.9+ /1.:( X
(-' /1 ;* ( (-29#(-3 1(- ++2EE +(,(-3 23, - 1..3 (222 = :.((- /+-4- ;'1 J
B .++12B 1922+2 2/1.932B .1 1..+( ;1 /+-3 (- 3' /23 =1 .1 ,.1E

1:23 .++12 = 97- .931 +:2 2 3'= 1' 9++ 2(E ., 1-12 ;'. /1 1 3' =.9-B
3-1 (--1 +:2 +-' 3',B ;'(' ,*2 3', 3-1 .1 92 (- 2+2C +-'(- (-:.+:2 3=(- 9/
3' .931 +:2 3. +.* 3' +('3E

.33.2

# %! %
+-3 /.33.2 (- 9++J29- N_ 3. XW '.912 ;(++ 29#O +.4.- 3'3 '2 ;++J
1(- - ;++J4++ 2.(+E 1B +9,/= 2.(+ ;(++ 129+3 (- /..1+= .1, /.33.2E


35

!- %! %
.33.2 1 2313 1., 2 /(2B -.3 1., 39+ 22E ' 2 /(2 1 24.-2 . 391 X XIY
3. Y .9-2 (- 2( 3. (: 3' 2/1.93 -.9' -1= .1 .. 2313E . -.3 2: /.33.2 .1 2
92 3'= ,= 11= (222E - . -.3 31= 3. 1.; /+-32 1., 23.1J.9'3 /.33.2B ;'(' ':
- 313 ;(3' 2/1.94- (-'((3.12E . 3 3' 23 2313 ;(3' =.91 /+-32B 9= 14 2 /.33.2
1., 1+(+ .93+3E
- B 2/ 3' 2 /(2 XY = X_ 3. Y[ (-'2 /13B ;'(' ;(++ ++.; Y
/+-32 1.22 3' E +-3 3', Y 3. Z (-'2 / ;(3' 3' =2 9/B 3'- .:1 3', -3+= 3. :.(
1*(- .! -= 2/1.932E

# %
'- 3' 2/1.932 1 .93 ] (-'2 '('B (- '(++(- 2.(+ 1.9- 3',E (3' '.B /9++ 2.(+ 1., 3'
2/2 3;- 3' 1.;2B (- 1 9+ -.3 3. ( 3.. /+= - (-)91 1..32E ' '(++2 :-39++=
2'.9+ .93 ] (-'2 '(' - X ..3 ;(E .33.2 3'3 :+./ (- +('3 ;(++ 1- - (-(+E
(++(- .:12 3', - +2. 9+4:32 3' 2.(+ 3. +..2- - 13 (3 ;'(+ +(,(-4- ;2E +9! 9/
231; .:1 3' 231; /.33.2B - 2 (3 3'(-2 .93B ,.1 231; 3. .:1 3' :+./(- 3912E .3J
3.2 :+./ 61 (- ,.(23B ..+ 2.(+E 31 3. /1.:( X (-' ;* ( -391 .2 -.3 ../13
92 1.9'3 21(.92+= 192 /1.94.-B - 9-:- ,.(2391 922 *-.= 3912E

1:23 -; /.33.2 .93 XW ;*2 %1 /+-4-E '- 3' 123 $.;12 .- 3' /.33.2 //1B
2,++ 3912 1 929++= 1=E
=.9 ( 3. 1,.: ;B :1= 1 9+ -.3 3. , 3' .3'12E
/1 3' /.33.2 .- 3' 1.9- .1 .9/+ . '.912 3. 1= .! .1 .++4- 3',E . -.3 ;2'
3', .1 3'= ;(++ -.3 */E


36

Appendix A Contacts

Social Justice Committee

Jesse Clark Mike Cutno
Georgia Institute of Technology Georgia Institute of Technology
School of City And Regional Planning School of City And Regional Planning
404.556.7544 504.352.1816
JesseClark@gatech.edu MikeCutno@gmail.com

Erin Rosintoski Andrea Spagnuolo

Georgia Institute of Technology Georgia Institute of Technology
School of City And Regional Planning School of City And Regional Planning

erosintoski@gatech.edu aespagnuolo@gmail.com

Garden Support Professionals

Fred Conrad Bobby Wilson
Community Garden Coordinator County Extension Agent
Atlanta Community Food Bank Fulton County - South Ofﬁce
Ph: 678.553.5932 Email: bobbyw@uga.edu
fred.conrad@acfb.org Phone: 404-762-4077
www.ACFB.org Fax: 404-762-3117

Stephen Causby Eva Bradley
English Avenue Garden Manager Program/Outreach Coordinator
Ph: 404.520.1968 Park Pride
swcausby@gmail.com Ph: 404.546.7981
eva@parkpride.org
www.parkpride.org


37

Appendix B Sample Bylaws

Some may be more relevant to vegetable gardens than to community ﬂower gardens or parks. Pick and choose what
best ﬁts your situation.

I will pay a fee of $___ to help cover garden expenses.

I will have something planted in the garden by (date) and keep it planted all summer long.

If I must abandon my plot for any reason, I will notify the garden leadership.

I will keep weeds at a minimum and maintain the areas immediately surrounding my plot if any.

If my plot becomes unkempt, I understand I will be given 1 week's notice to clean it up. At that time, it
will be re-assigned or tilled in.

I will keep trash and litter out of the plot, as well as from adjacent pathways and fences.

I will participate in the fall cleanup of the garden.

I will plant tall crops where they will not shade neighboring plots.

I will pick only my own crops unless given permission by another plot user.

I will not use fertilizers, insecticides or weed repellents that will in any way affect other plots.

I agree to volunteer hours toward community gardening efforts.(include a list of volunteer tasks which
your garden needs).

I will not bring pets to the garden.

I understand that neither the garden group nor owners of the land are responsible for my actions. I
THEREFORE AGREE TO HOLD HARMLESS THE GARDEN GROUP AND OWNERS OF THE LAND
FOR ANY LIABILITY, DAMAGE, LOSS OR CLAIM THAT OCCURS IN CONNECTION WITH USE OF
THE GARDEN BY ME OR ANY OF MY GUESTS.


38

Appendix C Sample Application Form

Name(s)
Address Zip
Telephone number:
Days
Evenings
Site Preference:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Size of plot. (list choices available)
Season:
Year round (must be maintained all year)
Short season (include dates)
Check the appropriate items:

I am a senior citizen

I am physically disabled

This is my ﬁrst year at this garden

I would like a garden next to a friend, Name

I have gardened here before and would like plot #___ if available

I have gardened before at (where?); for how long?


39

Appendix D Sample Budget

LINE ITEM 1ST YEAR 2ND YEAR 3RD YEAR

Revenue/Income

Plot Fees

Grants

Fundraiser

Donations

Balance from previous

Total Income

Expenses/Costs

Water hydrant

Water bill

Hoses

Shed

Tools

Compost

Mulch

Lease

Liability Insurance

Tilling

Raised beds

Seeds

Transplants

Printing

Garden sign

Fencing

Bulletin board

Total Expenses

NET INCOME (Income –
Expenses)


40

Appendix E Funding Sources

Funds Available for Gardens

FUNDRAISING WEBSITE

What: DonorsChoose.org
Who May Apply: Public school teachers post classroom project requests and interested individuals sign on as spon-
sors.
Amount: Sponsor may give any amount to a project.
Deadline: Ongoing
Contact: http://www.donorschoose.org

JUNE 2010 DEADLINE

For: National
What: Garden Crusader Awards from Gardener‘s Supply
Who May Apply: Individuals improving their communities through gardening
Amount: 21 Cash and gift certiﬁcate awards
Deadline: June 1st annual deadline
Contact: http://www.gardeners.com/Garden-Crusader-Awards

SEPTEMBER 2010 DEADLINE

For: National
What: Hooked on Hydroponics sponsored by The Grow Store and the Progressive Gardening Trade Association
Who May Apply: School garden programs
Amount: 36 Hydroponic systems valued up to $1,100
Deadline: Annual deadline Sept. 18th
Contact: http://www.kidsgardening.com/grants/HOH.asp

OCTOBER 2010 DEADLINE

For: National
What: Healthy Sprout Awards
Who May Apply: School and Youth garden programs
Amount: 20 gift certiﬁcates to Garden Supply
(Five for $500 and 15 for $200)
Deadline: October 15th annual deadline
Contact: Details, criteria and applications at http://gardeners.com/Crusader/Awards

41

OPEN DEADLINES

For: International
What: Ambassadors of Caring Awards from Profiles in Caring
Who May Apply: Small community-based nonprofit organizations
Amount: $10,000 (appear on TV)
Deadline: Open
Contact: Profiles in Caring 1959 South 4130 West, Unit I, Salt Lake City, Utah 84104; (801) 972-9472
Email: contact@profilesincaring.org;
Web: http://www.profilesincaring.com/ambassadors.asp

For: Open-International
What: Groups that provide services to disadvantaged persons and work for meeting basic human needs.
Who may apply: NGO groups
Amount: $25-50,000
Deadline: Open
Contact: PWF, 1200 U Street N.W., Washington, D.C. 20009, 202-965-1800, 202-266-8851 fax,
http://www.publicwelfare.org

For: National
What: America the Beautiful Fund
Who May Apply: Non-profit groups receive seed donations from major seed companies
Amount: Sets of 50 packets of vegetables, flowers and herbs are available for the cost of postage/handling.
Deadline: Ongoing
Contact: http://www.america-the-beautiful.org/free_seeds/index.php

For: National
What: Pepsi Refresh Project grants
Who May Apply: Any citizen or group with an idea that has a positive impact on society
Amount: $5,000 to $250,000
Deadline: Ongoing
Contact: http://refresheverything.com

For: National
What: Lowe‘s Charitable and Educational Foundation
Who May Apply: Funding to 501(c) (3) tax-exempt nonprofit organizations and public agencies in communities
where Lowe‘s operates stores and distribution centers.
Amount: $5,000 to $25,000 grants
Deadline: One grant can be submitted per year with no deadline
Contact: Visit Lowe‘s stores for an application or visit
http://www.lowes.com/lowes/lkn?action=frameSeturl=apps.bridgetree.com/funding/default.asp

For: National

42

What: Youth Garden Grants Program/ National Gardening Association and Home Depot
Who May Apply: Schools and community organizations with child-centered garden programs.
Amount: $500 to $1,000
Deadline: Ongoing
Contact: http://www.kidsgardening.com/ygg.asp

For: National
What: America the Beautiful Fund
Who May Apply: Community Groups
Amount: 100 to 1,000 Free Seed Packets
Deadline: Ongoing
Contact: http://www.america-the-beautiful.org/free_seeds/free_seeds_flyer_08.pdf

For: National
What: Environmental Education and Seed Money Benefit Communities where they operate
Who May Apply: 501(c)(3) organizations
Amount: Not given
Deadline: Open
Contact: IPC 400 Atlantic Street, Stamford, Conn. 06921; (203) 541-8678; fax (203) 541-8309
http://www.internationalpaper.com/Our%20Company/IP%20Giving/A_IP%20Foundation/Application_Guideline
s.html

For: National
What: Donations of products
Who may apply: 501(c)(3) organizations
Amount: Computers, software, office
supplies, clothing and personal care products
Deadline: Open
Contact: GIKI, 333 North Fairfax Street, Alexandria, VA 22314; (703)836-2121; fx (703)549-1481;
Email: mailto:feedback@giftsinkind.org
Web: http://www.giftsinkind.org

For: National
What: Improve quality of life children/families
Who May Apply: Nonprofit organizations
Amount: not given
Deadline: Open
Contact: Knight Foundation Wachovia Financial Center, Suite 3300, 200 South Biscayne Boulevard, Miami, Fla. 33131;
(305) 908-2600 http://www.knightfdn.org

For: National
What: Grass-roots organizations; Hunger relief
Who May Apply: 501(c)(3) organizations
Amount: Up to $50,000

43

Deadline: Open
Contact: Janet Ausdenmoore, KCF 1014 Vine Street, Cincinnati, Ohio 45202; (513) 762-4999, ext. 3; fax (513) 762-1295
http://www.kroger.com/corpnewsinfo_charitablegiving_art3.htm

For: National
What: Strengthen non-profit environmental organizations in areas of fund raising, organizational development and
planning.
Who may apply: regional, statewide, or local nonprofit organizations serving low-income or minority constituencies
with environmental issues as significant part of organization‘s agenda
Amount: No amount shown
Deadline: Open
Contact: ESC, 1500 Massachusetts Ave., N.W. Suite 25, Washington, D.C. 20005; (202) 331-9700; fax (202) 331-8592;
Email: general@envsc.org
Web: http://www.envsc.org

For: National
What: Do Something grants are funds to promote youth activism. Do Something is a national nonprofit organization
that inspires young people to believe that change is possible, and trains, funds, and mobilizes them to be leaders who
measurably strengthen their communities.
Who May Apply: Available to U.S. and Canadian citizens, age 25 or under, who want to create a community action
project, or further the success of an existing program.
Amount: One grant of $500 will be awarded each month.
Deadline: Applications are accepted on a rolling basis and stay active for consideration for two months after submis-
sion.
Contact: Visit the Do Something website to create a project posting and submit an online application:
http://www.dosomething.org/grants

For: National/Central and Eastern Europe, Russia or South Africa
What: Grants for civil society, environment, poverty and projects local to Flint Mich.
Who May Apply: 501(c)(3) organizations; International only from above countries with equivalent tax exempt status
Amount: $15,000 to $250,000
Deadline: Open - September 1 to December 31 will be considered for next calendar year
Contact: CSMF, Mott Foundation Building, 503 South Saginaw Street, Suite 1200, Flint, Mich. 48502 (810)238-5651;
fax (810)766-1753;
Email: info@mott.org
Web: http://www.mott.org/grantseeker.aspx

For: Arkansas, Nevada, Oklahoma
What: Organizations that need resources for a capital project
Who may apply: 501©3 located or operate in above states
Amount: $50,000
Deadline: Open
Contact: Reynolds Foundation, 1701 Village Center Circle, Las Vegas, NV 89134; 702-804-6000;
http://www.dwreynolds.org

44

For: California
What: Projects protecting preserving ecosystems, plants, natural landscapes, wildlands and wildlife
Who May Apply: 501(c)(3) or 501(c)(4) w/budgets $100,000 or less
Amount: $5,000
Deadline: Open
Contact: CWGF, The Presidio, P.O. Box 29903, San Francisco, CA 94129-0903; (415)561-6400; fax (415)561-6401;
Email: info@calwildlandsfund.org
Web: http://www.calwildlandsfund.org

For: California, Florida, North Carolina
What: Grants for civic affairs, youth, education, social services
Who May Apply: 501(c)3 organizations in above states
Amount: $5,000 to $50,000
Deadline: Open - no deadline
Contact: Dunsbaugh-Dalton Foundation, 1533 Sunset Dr., Suite 150, Coral Gables, FL 33143, 305-668-4192, 305-668-
4247 fax

For: Georgia
What: Grants for promoting healthy lifestyles among youth
Who may apply: neighborhood groups, nonproﬁt organizations in Atlanta metropolitan area
Amount: $500 TO $3,000
Deadline: Open
Contact: Shawn Finnell, CFGA, 50 Hurt Plaza, Suite 449, Atlanta, GA 30303, 404 688-5525, fax 404 688-3060, Email:
sﬁnnell@atlcf.org
Web: http://www.atlcf.org/GrantsScholarships/Grants/Resource-Center.aspx


45

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