micro teaching on valve transplant (not detailed)

1. Valve transplant and its
nursing management
Prepared by
Ms. Jenisha Adhikari
BSN

2. Anatomy of heart valve
• The four valves in the heart are:
– The two atrioventricular (AV) valves:
• the tricuspid valve
• the mitral valve (bicuspid valve),
- The two semilunar (SL) valves:
• the aortic valve
• the pulmonary valve

4. Types Valvular heart disease
• Stenosis
• Regurgitation
• Prolapsed

5. Normal hear valve Disease heart valve

6. Valve Transplant
• Tissue valve
Bovine valve
Porcine valve
Cadaver valve
• Mechanical valve
• TAVI/TAVR procedure

7. Last for 7-15 years
Not required life time of anti coagulant
therapy
No clicking noise
Last > 2 years
Requires lifetime of anti coagulant
therapy
Clicking noise

8. TAVI/ TAVR prodedure
1. Trans femoral
2. Trans apical
3. Subclavian

9. Nursing management
• Nursing diagnosis
– Decreased Cardiac Output related to narrow and in
competent valve
– Impaired gas exchange related to backflow of
blood into pulmonary vessel
– Anxiety related to surgical intervention/ outcome

10. Contd
– Acute pain related to surgical incision
– Risk of infection related to immunosuppressant
therapy

11. Contd
• Pre operative care
– Provide information regarding the surgery, its risk
and outcome
– Physical and Physiological preparation
– Psychological preparation
– Consent

12. Contd
• Post operative care
– Assessment of airway, breathing , circulation
– Monitor the vital signs, drain and incision site
– If femoral artery is punctured take femoral and
dorsal pedis pulse.

13. Contd
– Encourage high calorie and low sodium diet
– Encourage deep breathing and coughing exercise
and ambulation
– Administer medication