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Running head: TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION 1
TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION 8
Technology In Education
Lauren Klevis
Strayer University
EDU 533
Dr. Manuel B Johnican, Sr
February 15, 2020
Introduction
In the current world, schools have embraced technology in many
ways that have eased the processes, delivery, and propagation of
knowledge; technology has assisted institutions and made
communication efficient and effective. I firmly believe that
implementation of technology in schools and classrooms will
improve the quality of education and makes learning more
attractive to students, technology is not static and implementing
it in education sector makes students get to know the current
and develop skills to cope with new ones that he or she might
meet in the job market, the objective of this paper is to focus on
use of technology in schools and classrooms and its benefits it
can accrue when fully implemented (Clark,2015). This is an
essential objective since technology forms a significant part of
our daily lives, and it is necessary for the students to have
positive attitudes towards it early. This will enable them to
adapt better in their lives outside school and consequently
become more productive individuals in society.
Three Learning instructional strategies
Instructional strategies require that teachers require some
experience and at least know the student's way of learning, his
or her interest, this is quite necessary since it makes them know
leaner development levels, making this such decision requires
student assessment which is linked to the learning goals and the
processes of learning. This kind of strategy can be categorized
into five, which relate to each other.
Direct instruction strategy is commonly used and is mainly
based on the direct engagement of the teacher and the student.
This method may include plain teaching where teachers engaged
student directly, and it is also include lecturing, drilling, and
demonstrations, this method is effective and good enough to
provide sufficient information as well as developing skills step
by step hence help students construct knowledge, applying
technology with his strategy can help the teacher to introduced
other teaching methods, effective direct instructional strategy is
more complicated than it appears. The use of technology in this
would make it a bit dull to use.
Instructional strategies appropriate for the project
Indirect Instructional strategy unlike to direct instructional
strategy indirect instructional is significantly student-centered,
in this method, it majorly involve in decision making and
problem-solving, indirect instruction may be used effectively
with the proper application of technology in situations of
attitudes and values of students are desired and also when ego
involvement and intrinsic motivation are and when long-lasting
learning ability is desired. Indirect instruction tends to acquire a
high degree standard of participation in making proper
investigation, observation, and collecting and gathering of data
inferences. This method focuses mostly on the curiosity and the
interest of the student as well. It always motivates them to
create options while finding a solution to the problem at hand.
The method is flexible such that it allows the learners to
discover various potentials as well as minimizing the associated
fear as to the results of giving incorrect answers in the class
environment.
Interactive instructional this category major on sharing ideas
and discussing them among parties involved, this method
provides learner with comprehensives skills and opportunities to
act in response to ideas, views and knowledge of the instructor
or his or her fellow learners, applying technology in this help
student and teachers interaction more efficient and meaningful,
students can organize and record thoughts of her or his
colleagues or his or her teacher, this method help student
develop abilities and skills with the help of technology they too
get adapt to the current knowledge .in most of the incidents for
the success of the interactive instruction plan strategy its
always rely heavily on the experience of the instructor in ways
of developing and structuring the dynamics within the group
members. These strategy plans may include peer partner
learning, group laboratory, and tutorial groups.
Experiential learning this is where the teaching is inductive,
student-centered, as well as the activities oriented. The personal
reflection about the understanding, as well as the formulation of
the strategic plans, is applied to the learning context to enhance
experiential effective learning outcomes. It occurs whenever the
students or learners engage a lot in the activities as they reflect
on their experiences to clarify their learning feelings. Examples
include Field Trips, Narratives, and Conducting Experiment
Independent study stipulates the form of learning with a variety
of the instructional methods that, with determination, are
comprehensively offered to develop an individual learner, self-
reliance, initiative as well as self-improvement. However, this
form of study as well can be initiated by the learner or the
teacher, but the main focus will be planned by the student,
perhaps under the guidance of the classroom teacher or the
supervisor.
Learning objectives and appropriate project delivery strategies
Lesson sequencing is where numerous lesson plans are
prearranged and. Applying technology in lesson sequencing
smoothen transitions between lessons to meet the learning
objective of the unit plan and the best possible learning
outcomes (United States Department of Education, 2017).
Putting together events or information in a specific order that
learners can understand. The capability to sequence requires a
high level of expertise that can be easily maintained by
technology, and sequence assists students in solving problems
that they encounter and also helping organize materials
knowledge they have garnered. Learner related sequences can
be practiced at every level and can be applied across the
curriculum. In reading, students apply sequencing to recognize
how to spot unfolds from the beginning up to the end. In science
disciplines, students apply sequencing skills to conduct
experiments. Sequencing skills assist learners in placing
information on certain order; technology is increasingly
necessary for day to day activities in schools and classrooms.
Using technology in sequenced lesson plans profit both the
teacher and learners. When technology is implemented in
classrooms, it smoothens various functions sequenced lesson
plans, minimizes classrooms interruptions and optimizing the
learning environment
Instructional context analysis and appropriate delivery
strategies
Lesson sequencing entails various aspects. It includes the
activities such that the teacher set up the goals and the objective
of the learning. Present the material in an orderly manner. When
the teacher planned properly, it will smoothen the transition
between the lessons, and it will allow the learners to be well
organized as they know what happens next after each lesson.
Facilitating scaffolding by making clear end objectives in
sequenced lessons that allow teachers to foresee difficulties and
problem areas. Specific technology help gives additional
supports, such as specific training and activities, be given to
help learners gain difficulty. Future planning: implemented
technology in Sequencing lessons in progress permit instructors
to calculate the time it takes to complete certain material and
see how it takes when the lessons are delivered to learners,
technology also help teachers identify the optimal points in the
program for checking the students’ conscious of the material
and also how best to structure these assessments. Better
grouping teachers experience difficulties, and their work
requires good organization skills, teachers who are applying
technology in classrooms hep students too get to know in
advance what will be covered thus allowing them prepare
photocopies, worksheets and handouts, technology in lesson
sequencing has some extra advantages for examples if the class
advances through a material more quickly than expected the
instructor will be able to evaluate and the processes and make
necessary changes if needed since the student do not progress at
the similar rate the instructor will be to accommodate such more
and packages his or her to meet the diverse learners needs
Instructional strategies analysis and appropriate delivery
strategies
Teachers most cases work with class while delivering that is
while presenting information or while molding a process. In this
case, classrooms are viewed as workgroup engaging in academic
activities, application of technology, in this case, provides a
positive climate for the presentation of information to the class,
this strategy help students develop their cognitive domain and
better themselves academically. Identifyingentrybehaviors as an
Instructional delivery strategy provides skills as well as the
steps which the student must attain, which is quite essential to
recognize the comprehension and skills echelon the leaner
possesses. Even though the learners may have differences in
their understanding and skill degree, teaching should be
targeted as much as required to the degrees the student’s
requirements. Technology in classrooms facilitates and
smoothens the processes of which are used to meet the needs of
the learner. Selecting an instructional method is methods that
allow identification and involve teaching techniques that are
most effective and can achieve performance objectives;
technology in schools and classrooms used in the instructional
method makes students active learners. Frequently used
classroom delivery strategies are conversation and query and
response, which are discussed below. It is a piece of common
knowledge and recognized that understanding of a concept is
better than giving the correct response as well as this can be
achieved through active query and vigorous involvement by
learners. Having a group conversation may be meaningful;
technology in classrooms assists students adapted to many
classroom situations. Technology applied in the classroom
group discussion may assist by providing a positive classroom
climate as well as leading the learners in their interesting
courses or the subjects. Furthermore, instructors may create
active listening as well as building on learner responses in a
given discussion.
Questions and answers as a delivery strategy can effectively be
used. Students feel they are being addressed directly by the
teacher. When students respond to inquiries, they not only speak
to the teacher but also talk to their colleagues. This strategy
encompasses probes m prompts and redirecting techniques, for
instance, the pause between soliciting a response and asking a
question, this technique should be used by the teacher to
maximize contribution and participation of students, this
strategy also helps students to think more deeply about the
material or subject under study, this strategy might at time
seems to be boring and introducing technology in this kind of
approach is quite beneficial since students may gain morale of
participating for instance creation of online platforms that
students can interact with their teacher about a given subject of
study can be achieved more effectively (Vatanartiran, &
Karadeniz, 2015). Simulation allows essential experiments to
take place, which could not have taken place in real classrooms.
The simulation is critical in science learning as it entails the use
of games, models, video programs, as well as structured role-
plays to enhance insight to the objective and the goal of the
learner and the teacher. In most cases, learners are easily
motivated to contribute, and therefore technology is
exceedingly resourceful in designing simulation strategy. Since
technology creates a positive atmosphere in classrooms during
the simulation, the students become active participants, and this
can be maintained by the relevant application of technology that
tends to meet the optimal learning objectives.
References
Clark, D. (2015). Bloom's Taxonomy of Learning
Domains: The Cognitive Domain. Retrieved 1 February 2020,
from http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/bloom.html
United States Department of Education. (2017). Reimagining
the role of technology in education: 2017 National Education
Technology Plan Update.
Vatanartiran, S., & Karadeniz, S. (2015). A needs analysis
for technology integration plan: Challenges and needs of
teachers. Contemporary Educational Technology, 6(3), 206-220.
Running head: TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION
1
TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION
5
Technology In Education
Lauren Klevis
Strayer University
EDU 533
Dr. Manuel B Johnican, Sr
February 1, 2020
Needs Analysis to Enhance Technology in Schools
There are many advancements in technology that need to be
implemented in the education sector. They may help to enhance
the relationship between students and their teachers while
making the learning process fun and more meaningful.
Technology has made life easier and better in many other
aspects of our lives, however, when it comes to education,
people often hesitate to implement it. However, it is believed
that the implementation of technology can greatly improve the
quality of education while preparing students for the real world.
Due to lack of technology implementation in teaching, many
students end up not being technologically savvy causing them to
have a hard time when they get to the job market. This leads to
many losses since vast resources have to be utilized to help
them to learn the technologies that are being utilized. With the
implementation of technology in teaching, the students will get
to the job market aware of the existing technologies hence
eliminating the need for training. There are many obstacles to
the implementation even in areas where it has been proposed.
The major obstacles include lack of experts that are able to
implement these technologies and poor or total lack of
integration plans. Therefore, there is need for this sectors to be
catered for to ensure that the project is implemented
successfully in the schools. This discrepancy further indicates
that there is need to have a well laid plan with appropriate
technology leadership to ensure adequate implementation of the
project (Vatanartiran & Karadeniz, 2015).
Learner Characteristics
The learner characteristics for this identified need are varied
depending on the age group it is being implemented in. Some
types of technology have found their way into the class room, in
addition to e-learning, electronic whiteboards, tablets and
computers are also used within the classroom environment. The
education system is struggling with an increase in the number of
students and this further emphasizes the need to implement
technology in education. To implement this, first people need to
understand the technological knowledge possessed by the
students. Basic knowledge on the use of either a computer or a
tablet is important in the implementation of this project. There
is also need to come up with appropriate ways of assessing the
students if learning is taking place using the technological
advancements. Instructional designers are very important in the
implementation of the project as they are equipped with skills to
analyze all the factors involved and come up with a system that
is appropriate and beneficial for the students (United States
department of education, 2017).
Instructional Objectives
The implementation of technology in education aims at
achieving set targets for the students. In the cognitive domain,
it aims at improving the application of learned concepts in real
life situations. This will assist in the transformation from the
classroom into the workplace since the students will already
have had experience on what they will be working with. This
can be achieved through collaborative learning rather than the
traditional learning method where the teacher instructs the
students. In the behavioral domain, the implementation of the
project aims at improving the perception of objects or events by
the students. Technology allows for a level of independence by
the student especially in the case of e-learning. The students
become more independent as they have to plan their time to
complete the assigned work within the specified time. In the
affective domain, it aims at getting the students exposed to
technology consequently creating a good impression towards it.
This is an important objective since technology forms a major
part of our daily lives and it is important for the students to
have positive attitudes towards it early. This will enable them to
adapt better in their lives outside school and consequently
become more productive individuals in the society (Clark,
2015).
Procedural Analysis Flowchart
Contextual analysis
Project implementation
Implement technology in teaching
Learner analysis
Need analysis
Maintain traditional teaching methods
Brainstorming
Requirement analysis
References
Clark, D. (2015). Bloom's Taxonomy of Learning Domains: The
Cognitive Domain. Retrieved 1 February 2020, from
http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/bloom.html
United States Department of Education. (2017). Reimagining
the role of technology in education: 2017 National Education
Technology Plan update.
Vatanartiran, S., & Karadeniz, S. (2015). A needs analysis for
technology integration plan: Challenges and needs of teachers.
Contemporary Educational Technology, 6(3), 206-220.

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Running head TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION 1TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATIO.docx

  • 1. Running head: TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION 1 TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION 8 Technology In Education Lauren Klevis Strayer University EDU 533 Dr. Manuel B Johnican, Sr February 15, 2020 Introduction In the current world, schools have embraced technology in many ways that have eased the processes, delivery, and propagation of knowledge; technology has assisted institutions and made communication efficient and effective. I firmly believe that implementation of technology in schools and classrooms will improve the quality of education and makes learning more attractive to students, technology is not static and implementing it in education sector makes students get to know the current and develop skills to cope with new ones that he or she might meet in the job market, the objective of this paper is to focus on use of technology in schools and classrooms and its benefits it can accrue when fully implemented (Clark,2015). This is an
  • 2. essential objective since technology forms a significant part of our daily lives, and it is necessary for the students to have positive attitudes towards it early. This will enable them to adapt better in their lives outside school and consequently become more productive individuals in society. Three Learning instructional strategies Instructional strategies require that teachers require some experience and at least know the student's way of learning, his or her interest, this is quite necessary since it makes them know leaner development levels, making this such decision requires student assessment which is linked to the learning goals and the processes of learning. This kind of strategy can be categorized into five, which relate to each other. Direct instruction strategy is commonly used and is mainly based on the direct engagement of the teacher and the student. This method may include plain teaching where teachers engaged student directly, and it is also include lecturing, drilling, and demonstrations, this method is effective and good enough to provide sufficient information as well as developing skills step by step hence help students construct knowledge, applying technology with his strategy can help the teacher to introduced other teaching methods, effective direct instructional strategy is more complicated than it appears. The use of technology in this would make it a bit dull to use. Instructional strategies appropriate for the project Indirect Instructional strategy unlike to direct instructional strategy indirect instructional is significantly student-centered, in this method, it majorly involve in decision making and problem-solving, indirect instruction may be used effectively with the proper application of technology in situations of attitudes and values of students are desired and also when ego involvement and intrinsic motivation are and when long-lasting learning ability is desired. Indirect instruction tends to acquire a high degree standard of participation in making proper investigation, observation, and collecting and gathering of data inferences. This method focuses mostly on the curiosity and the
  • 3. interest of the student as well. It always motivates them to create options while finding a solution to the problem at hand. The method is flexible such that it allows the learners to discover various potentials as well as minimizing the associated fear as to the results of giving incorrect answers in the class environment. Interactive instructional this category major on sharing ideas and discussing them among parties involved, this method provides learner with comprehensives skills and opportunities to act in response to ideas, views and knowledge of the instructor or his or her fellow learners, applying technology in this help student and teachers interaction more efficient and meaningful, students can organize and record thoughts of her or his colleagues or his or her teacher, this method help student develop abilities and skills with the help of technology they too get adapt to the current knowledge .in most of the incidents for the success of the interactive instruction plan strategy its always rely heavily on the experience of the instructor in ways of developing and structuring the dynamics within the group members. These strategy plans may include peer partner learning, group laboratory, and tutorial groups. Experiential learning this is where the teaching is inductive, student-centered, as well as the activities oriented. The personal reflection about the understanding, as well as the formulation of the strategic plans, is applied to the learning context to enhance experiential effective learning outcomes. It occurs whenever the students or learners engage a lot in the activities as they reflect on their experiences to clarify their learning feelings. Examples include Field Trips, Narratives, and Conducting Experiment Independent study stipulates the form of learning with a variety of the instructional methods that, with determination, are comprehensively offered to develop an individual learner, self- reliance, initiative as well as self-improvement. However, this form of study as well can be initiated by the learner or the teacher, but the main focus will be planned by the student, perhaps under the guidance of the classroom teacher or the
  • 4. supervisor. Learning objectives and appropriate project delivery strategies Lesson sequencing is where numerous lesson plans are prearranged and. Applying technology in lesson sequencing smoothen transitions between lessons to meet the learning objective of the unit plan and the best possible learning outcomes (United States Department of Education, 2017). Putting together events or information in a specific order that learners can understand. The capability to sequence requires a high level of expertise that can be easily maintained by technology, and sequence assists students in solving problems that they encounter and also helping organize materials knowledge they have garnered. Learner related sequences can be practiced at every level and can be applied across the curriculum. In reading, students apply sequencing to recognize how to spot unfolds from the beginning up to the end. In science disciplines, students apply sequencing skills to conduct experiments. Sequencing skills assist learners in placing information on certain order; technology is increasingly necessary for day to day activities in schools and classrooms. Using technology in sequenced lesson plans profit both the teacher and learners. When technology is implemented in classrooms, it smoothens various functions sequenced lesson plans, minimizes classrooms interruptions and optimizing the learning environment Instructional context analysis and appropriate delivery strategies Lesson sequencing entails various aspects. It includes the activities such that the teacher set up the goals and the objective of the learning. Present the material in an orderly manner. When the teacher planned properly, it will smoothen the transition between the lessons, and it will allow the learners to be well organized as they know what happens next after each lesson. Facilitating scaffolding by making clear end objectives in sequenced lessons that allow teachers to foresee difficulties and problem areas. Specific technology help gives additional
  • 5. supports, such as specific training and activities, be given to help learners gain difficulty. Future planning: implemented technology in Sequencing lessons in progress permit instructors to calculate the time it takes to complete certain material and see how it takes when the lessons are delivered to learners, technology also help teachers identify the optimal points in the program for checking the students’ conscious of the material and also how best to structure these assessments. Better grouping teachers experience difficulties, and their work requires good organization skills, teachers who are applying technology in classrooms hep students too get to know in advance what will be covered thus allowing them prepare photocopies, worksheets and handouts, technology in lesson sequencing has some extra advantages for examples if the class advances through a material more quickly than expected the instructor will be able to evaluate and the processes and make necessary changes if needed since the student do not progress at the similar rate the instructor will be to accommodate such more and packages his or her to meet the diverse learners needs Instructional strategies analysis and appropriate delivery strategies Teachers most cases work with class while delivering that is while presenting information or while molding a process. In this case, classrooms are viewed as workgroup engaging in academic activities, application of technology, in this case, provides a positive climate for the presentation of information to the class, this strategy help students develop their cognitive domain and better themselves academically. Identifyingentrybehaviors as an Instructional delivery strategy provides skills as well as the steps which the student must attain, which is quite essential to recognize the comprehension and skills echelon the leaner possesses. Even though the learners may have differences in their understanding and skill degree, teaching should be targeted as much as required to the degrees the student’s requirements. Technology in classrooms facilitates and smoothens the processes of which are used to meet the needs of
  • 6. the learner. Selecting an instructional method is methods that allow identification and involve teaching techniques that are most effective and can achieve performance objectives; technology in schools and classrooms used in the instructional method makes students active learners. Frequently used classroom delivery strategies are conversation and query and response, which are discussed below. It is a piece of common knowledge and recognized that understanding of a concept is better than giving the correct response as well as this can be achieved through active query and vigorous involvement by learners. Having a group conversation may be meaningful; technology in classrooms assists students adapted to many classroom situations. Technology applied in the classroom group discussion may assist by providing a positive classroom climate as well as leading the learners in their interesting courses or the subjects. Furthermore, instructors may create active listening as well as building on learner responses in a given discussion. Questions and answers as a delivery strategy can effectively be used. Students feel they are being addressed directly by the teacher. When students respond to inquiries, they not only speak to the teacher but also talk to their colleagues. This strategy encompasses probes m prompts and redirecting techniques, for instance, the pause between soliciting a response and asking a question, this technique should be used by the teacher to maximize contribution and participation of students, this strategy also helps students to think more deeply about the material or subject under study, this strategy might at time seems to be boring and introducing technology in this kind of approach is quite beneficial since students may gain morale of participating for instance creation of online platforms that students can interact with their teacher about a given subject of study can be achieved more effectively (Vatanartiran, & Karadeniz, 2015). Simulation allows essential experiments to take place, which could not have taken place in real classrooms. The simulation is critical in science learning as it entails the use
  • 7. of games, models, video programs, as well as structured role- plays to enhance insight to the objective and the goal of the learner and the teacher. In most cases, learners are easily motivated to contribute, and therefore technology is exceedingly resourceful in designing simulation strategy. Since technology creates a positive atmosphere in classrooms during the simulation, the students become active participants, and this can be maintained by the relevant application of technology that tends to meet the optimal learning objectives. References Clark, D. (2015). Bloom's Taxonomy of Learning Domains: The Cognitive Domain. Retrieved 1 February 2020, from http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/bloom.html United States Department of Education. (2017). Reimagining the role of technology in education: 2017 National Education Technology Plan Update. Vatanartiran, S., & Karadeniz, S. (2015). A needs analysis for technology integration plan: Challenges and needs of teachers. Contemporary Educational Technology, 6(3), 206-220. Running head: TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION 1 TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION 5
  • 8. Technology In Education Lauren Klevis Strayer University EDU 533 Dr. Manuel B Johnican, Sr February 1, 2020 Needs Analysis to Enhance Technology in Schools There are many advancements in technology that need to be implemented in the education sector. They may help to enhance the relationship between students and their teachers while making the learning process fun and more meaningful. Technology has made life easier and better in many other aspects of our lives, however, when it comes to education, people often hesitate to implement it. However, it is believed that the implementation of technology can greatly improve the quality of education while preparing students for the real world. Due to lack of technology implementation in teaching, many students end up not being technologically savvy causing them to have a hard time when they get to the job market. This leads to many losses since vast resources have to be utilized to help them to learn the technologies that are being utilized. With the implementation of technology in teaching, the students will get to the job market aware of the existing technologies hence eliminating the need for training. There are many obstacles to the implementation even in areas where it has been proposed. The major obstacles include lack of experts that are able to
  • 9. implement these technologies and poor or total lack of integration plans. Therefore, there is need for this sectors to be catered for to ensure that the project is implemented successfully in the schools. This discrepancy further indicates that there is need to have a well laid plan with appropriate technology leadership to ensure adequate implementation of the project (Vatanartiran & Karadeniz, 2015). Learner Characteristics The learner characteristics for this identified need are varied depending on the age group it is being implemented in. Some types of technology have found their way into the class room, in addition to e-learning, electronic whiteboards, tablets and computers are also used within the classroom environment. The education system is struggling with an increase in the number of students and this further emphasizes the need to implement technology in education. To implement this, first people need to understand the technological knowledge possessed by the students. Basic knowledge on the use of either a computer or a tablet is important in the implementation of this project. There is also need to come up with appropriate ways of assessing the students if learning is taking place using the technological advancements. Instructional designers are very important in the implementation of the project as they are equipped with skills to analyze all the factors involved and come up with a system that is appropriate and beneficial for the students (United States department of education, 2017). Instructional Objectives The implementation of technology in education aims at achieving set targets for the students. In the cognitive domain, it aims at improving the application of learned concepts in real life situations. This will assist in the transformation from the classroom into the workplace since the students will already have had experience on what they will be working with. This can be achieved through collaborative learning rather than the traditional learning method where the teacher instructs the students. In the behavioral domain, the implementation of the
  • 10. project aims at improving the perception of objects or events by the students. Technology allows for a level of independence by the student especially in the case of e-learning. The students become more independent as they have to plan their time to complete the assigned work within the specified time. In the affective domain, it aims at getting the students exposed to technology consequently creating a good impression towards it. This is an important objective since technology forms a major part of our daily lives and it is important for the students to have positive attitudes towards it early. This will enable them to adapt better in their lives outside school and consequently become more productive individuals in the society (Clark, 2015). Procedural Analysis Flowchart Contextual analysis Project implementation Implement technology in teaching Learner analysis Need analysis Maintain traditional teaching methods Brainstorming Requirement analysis
  • 11. References Clark, D. (2015). Bloom's Taxonomy of Learning Domains: The Cognitive Domain. Retrieved 1 February 2020, from http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/bloom.html United States Department of Education. (2017). Reimagining
  • 12. the role of technology in education: 2017 National Education Technology Plan update. Vatanartiran, S., & Karadeniz, S. (2015). A needs analysis for technology integration plan: Challenges and needs of teachers. Contemporary Educational Technology, 6(3), 206-220.