2013 all my ownwork

All My Own Work
HSC Course
2014-2015
Picnic Point High School

HSC: All My Own Work

From 2008 HSC any student enrolled in
one or more courses must satisfactorily
complete this course.

1.

Scholarship principles and practices

2.

Acknowledging sources

3.

Plagiarism

4.

Copyright

5.

Working with others

HSC: All My Own
Work
Scholarship principles and
practices


What is good scholarship?

 Being

honest and ethical

 Listing

 Using

all your sources

your own words

Key attributes of good scholarship
 Being

an effective researcher

 Applying

effective study habits

 Applying







effective study habits

Keep a diary
Nominate dates and times when you will gather
information for tasks and when you might produce
a draft.
Be well organised
Make sure you understand what is required
Visit the HSC Online website and read their tips




What are the rights and responsibilities of
students in ensuring the intellectual integrity of
their work?



As a student you have a right to expect:





Clear information about what is required in your
assessment tasks & assessments
Guidance about how to improve your work
Respect from your peers and teachers



As a student you have a responsibility to:







Respect the rights and integrity of your teachers
and peers
Understand what is required of you
Fulfil the school’s requirements for your study
Be fair and honest in all aspects of your work
Make sure your work is your own.


What can students expect in terms of guidance for
the HSC and assessment?



Important documents for all students


HSC Confirmation of Entry



Student Declaration


What is malpractice?


Cheating or malpractice is about doing the
wrong thing by behaving dishonestly.



Cheating is not only bad for you as a person, it is unfair
to other students.



It may give you an unfair advantage, but it may also cost
you your HSC.


Why do people cheat?

Other students cheat because they don’t
understand plagiarism and don’t know how to
acknowledge sources correctly. Using someone
else’s work and pretending it is yours is seriously
dishonest – it is a form of theft.


Why is it wrong to cheat?

Cheating is dishonest, unfair and unethical.
How would you feel if you were called a cheat?
How would your family and friends feel?
How would your teachers and classmates feel?


What are the benefits of producing your own work?


This is what ethical scholarship is all about.

You want to do your best work, and you want it
to be YOUR work.
 You will know that the work is your own and you
deserve to be credited for work you have
completed.
 You can avoid any accusations of plagiarism by
using correct citations of your sources.
 Your teachers want to reward original work as
they are supporting honest responsible
scholarship
 You learn better this way!


Scenario
Alex finds that he has only one night to complete a Music
research. He finds an essay on the Internet that he can
use and copies a large section of it. He does not
acknowledge the information as being taken from the
Internet. When confronted by his teacher he says he
didn’t know it was wrong to copy from the Internet.

Ethical or Unethical?

Scenario
You are finishing a Business Studies assignment the night
before it is due. Your computer crashes and you lose all
your work. You do not have a back up copy. You phone
a friend and ask them to email their assignment so you
can use it. You rewrite the assignment so that it looks
very different to your friend’s. You hand it in the next day
as your own. There is no citation or attribution of the
work to your friend.

Scenario
As part of his Society and Culture Interest Project, Jack has
to hand in an annotated reference list indicating how
useful the references were for the project. Jake has only
used four references. He feels that this might not look
impressive but decides against adding a few others that
he hasn’t used, just to make the list look longer.


What are the consequences of cheating
in the HSC?


 You

receive zero marks for an assessment task
 You have an HSC course withheld
 You are deemed ineligible for the award of the
HSC
 There may be additional sanctions eg
withholding your reference


As a student, your most important responsibility is
to make sure everything you do for the HSC is
all your own work.


http://amow.boardofstudies.nsw.edu.au/

HSC: All My Own
Work
Acknowledging sources

Acknowledging sources means providing
written recognition of any ideas that are used
or adapted for your work.

 You

need to:
 name of the original author and details of
where you found the information
 acknowledge sources within the text
 acknowledge sources at the end of your work

“Referencing” “citing” and “attribution” refer to
acknowledging sources



You should acknowledge:

Advertisements
Encyclopedia articles
Pictures
Pamphlets
Artworks
Websites
Other students’ work
Personal interviews

Magazines
Journals
Teachers
Emails
Other’s’ ideas
CDROMs and DVDs
Maps
Newspapers

Lecturers
Discussions groups
Blogs
Letters
TV programs
Movies
Books
Music

Scenario:
As a part of a History assignment you interview you
elderly neighbour to find out about his experiences
in the Second World War.
Should you acknowledge this interview as a source, even though
you did not use his exact words?

Scenario
You worked in a group to research a segment of your
PDHPE assignment. Each group member was
responsible for contributing and writing information
related to their own experiences.
Should you acknowledge the information contributed and written by
another group member?

Scenario
Your uncle wrote a letter about his experiences as a
soldier in the army and enclosed an old newspaper
article that gave you an idea for your Visual Arts
Body of Work
Should you acknowledge the letter and the newspaper article?


Why should sources be acknowledged?


You should acknowledge sources to:






Demonstrate your academic integrity
Support your arguments
Make it easy for readers to find the sources you
used,
Fulfil your moral and legal obligations
Avoid plagiarism



Moral Rights

The moral rights of an author, artist or creator
entitle them:




To be named as the author
To be protected against false attribution
To have their work treated with respect and not be
misrepresented.




Moral rights:





Apply to the creators of copyright works
Are separate from the entitlement of a copyright owner
to payment
Copyright generally last for seventy years after death



To observe the moral rights of an author you should:





Attribute any quote, paraphrase, summary or copy of
someone else’s work or idea
Ensure that works are not falsely attributed to an author
Reference appropriately

Scenario
You have gained permission from the publisher of a series of
photographs on tropical rainforests to use a copy of one of the
photographs as the cover page of your Geography assignments.
Is it really necessary to acknowledge the individual photographer who took
the photograph you are using?

Scenario
You have just completed a major work for one of your HSC
subjects that is to be submitted to the Board of Studies for
marking. On your final check, you realise that you have not
acknowledged the source of one if the key ideas used in the
creation of your work. Worse still, you have lost the details of
the source and you really can’t be bothered spending
additional time searching for the details of the source. You
decide to submit the work as it is, assuming everything will
be OK.
Is this the best course of action?

Scenario
You haven’t used any quotes in your essay and think it would
look more impressive if you used quotes from some sources
that are well respected in the subject area. You decide to
“create” quotes from two of the sources used for your
background reading and duly “acknowledge” the authors,
books and pages where the quotes were supposedly found.
It all looks good.
Should you submit work like this?

When you
Quote
Paraphrase
Copy
Summarise
Copy information from research sources
Acknowledge this in two places – “in-text” and in
areference list.



In text references

When you quote directly from a source, you place
the exact words in quotation marks.
“The stable world of the nineteenth century was
coming down in chaos: security was gone”
(Bean, 1983, p.22)

When you paraphrase or summarise, you do not
need the quotation marks. You still need the
author’s details.
Security was disappearing as chaos took over at
the change of the century (Bean, 1983)
The Harvard method of referencing is
recommended.

 Footnotes

 Footnotes

or endnotes.

are placed at the bottom of the
page of the quotation and endnotes are
the list of all footnotes placed at the end of
the assessment.

Scenario
You have details of the information and the source
of information you are using in an assignment but
you are not sure whether you have recorded the
exact words of the authors of the works.
Should you put the words in quotation marks,
acknowledge the sources and hope for the best?

Scenario
You have spent a lot of time researching material from the web
for a major assignment. You have reduced 100 pages from 5
websites to 5 pages of points. By now, this seems more like
your work than the original creators
Should you acknowledge the sources of information using intext citation as well as put these references in your reference
list or bibliography?

Scenario
In a science assessment you have written a brilliant
analysis of the data you found in a report on an
experiment. It’s your analysis that will be marked, not
the table of figures on which you have based your
analysis.
Should you acknowledge the source of the data, even
though it is not the important part of the assignment?

Reference list
A

full list in correct order and format of all
items that you quoted from in your
assessment.

 Check

your diary for the correct format.
Please be consistent.

Bibliography


A full list in correct order and format of all items that
you used in the preparation of your assessment.



Check your diary or Library handout for the correct
format. Please be consistent.

Scenario
You want to impress the teacher with all the research
you have completed for your major assessment.
You plan to list all the sources you can find that are
related to your topic in your reference list, even
though you haven’t used them.
Is this a good strategy?

Acknowledging sources:
1.
Providing written recognition of any ideas that
are used or adapted -- Sometimes called
“attribution”
2.
May need to occur in the body of the work
3.
Must occur at the end of the work
4.
Is essential to avoid plagiarism
5.
Fulfils moral and legal obligations to recognise
and acknowledge authors


What does not need acknowledgement?

You do not have to acknowledge:




Your own experiences
Your own experimental results
Common knowledge





Facts commonly known (12 months in a year)
Facts that are so well known that are easily available in many places
(World War 2 began in 1939)
Commonsense observations (interest rates going up means
mortgage payments will increase)

Students who do not acknowledge the
sources they have used, properly or at all,
may be guilty of plagiarism.
This is a serious issue and may affect a
student’s marks and eligibility for the HSC.

Tips and hints
 Organise notes and record details of where the
information was found.
 Learn correct citation
 Access information required for multiple styles of
sources
 Set up a chart to keep track of basic bibliographic
information
 Know the difference between a quotation,
summary or paraphrase

All my own work
 Module – Acknowledging sources
http://amow.boardofstudies.nsw.edu.au

HSC: All My Own
Work
Plagiarism


What is plagiarism?

“Plagiarism is when you pretend that you have
written or created a piece of work that
someone else originated. It is cheating, it is
dishonest and it could jeopardise your HSC
results”
Board of Studies, HSC Assessments and Submitted works, Advice to Students, 2006.

As an HSC student, you are seeking an
academic qualification of high standing.


Why does plagiarism matter?


Why does plagiarism happen?


How is plagiarism detected?


What are the implications for plagiarism of
assessing information from the Internet?


“Students might plagiarise because they are less
rigorous in their application of scholarship
principles and practice.”
Board of Studies, HSC Assessments and Submitted works, Advice to Students, 2006.

Strategies and handy hints
Be honest and ethical – acknowledge sources
correctly
 Learn to manage your time better so that you
leave enough time for all your assessments
 Learn to paraphrase correctly
 Use the Information Process to plan and
organise your research



Can students be penalised if they plagiarise
unintentionally?

Scenario - intended or unintended?
A student downloads an assessment from a
website. The essay question is exactly what
he has been asked. So, because of shortage
of time, he uses it.
Intended or unintended?

A student completes his research assignment
ready to submit. One of his parents makes
changes to the work without the student’s
knowledge. The student prints the amended
version and hands it in as his own work.

A student allows her sister, a theatre director, to help her
prepare a monologue for performance in HSC Drama.
She allows her sister to make all the decisions for the
performance including character interpretation, use of
the stage space and costumes and props. She does
not acknowledge any assistance in her logbook and
when her teacher remarks on her rapid improvement
in the quality of her performance at school, she fails to
mention the help she had from her sister.

You have been working on your paintings for you
Visual Arts Body of Work. You have used a number
of motifs from an Aboriginal artist’s work which you
saw on a trip to the Northern Territory, but have
done so unconsciously. It doesn’t occur to you that
you should record the source in your journal.


How do students avoid plagiarism?

Simple
Just acknowledge the sources you have used.
Using the Information Process may help you avoid
plagiarism.


How easy is it to detect plagiarism?


Are there different rules regarding
plagiarism when information is
accessed from the world wide web?

All my own work
Module – Plagiarism

HSC: All My Own
Work
Copyright




What is copyright and what does it protect?



How does it relate to me?

Copyright protects what writers, artists and
musicians have created.


This is called “intellectual copyright”

It gives them exclusive rights to authorise copying
and communication of their work.
People earn money from their creative work.

Copyright also protects creative works from
being used without the copyright owner’s
permission.
People earn money from their creative work.

Scenario
I have produced an original t-shirt design.
Is it protected by copyright?

Question
You want to use part of someone else’s design on
your T-shirt.
Can you do this?

Question
Will you always have to pay a royalty for using
someone else’s design or a sample of
someone else’s music in your own work?

Question

Is your own web page covered by copyright?


Question
Does copyright protect ideas?

No.
Protection is for the format.
Ideas or inventions need a patent.
IP Australia register designs.


Copyright Act 1968
Legally grants and regulates the exclusive right
of authors and creators in Australia to control
the use of their work and their means to earn
a living.


There are some exceptions…….




“Fair dealing”



Statutory Licences for educational
institutions.

Question

How much copying can a student do?


 10%

or 1 chapter of a book

 One

whole item from an anthology (<15
pages)

 One

article from a journal

Question
How long does copyright last?


 Generally

until 70 years after the author’s

death.
 Then

it enters “public domain”

Question
Is the Copyright Act ever updated?

Question
Are there exemptions from seeking copyright
permission?


“Fair dealing”
“Fair dealing” for purpose of reviewing
Statutory licences for educational institutions


Why is it important to respect intellectual
property?

Question
Can you charge someone who wants to
use your design as part of their work?

Question
What are some common infringements of
copyright?


 Copying

a video, DVD, film, logo or picture
or pirates a CD or computer game.

Everyone deserves the right to earn money
from selling their original work

Question
Is there a cultural copyright in place to
protect indigenous communities?


Copyright in a digital environment Is there a difference?


Copyright Act was amended in 2000.
Copyright Amendment (Digital Agenda) Act
2000 gives owners on the Internet certain
exclusive rights including the right to
reproduce material and the right to
communicate the material to the public

Question

What is communication right?

Question
Does “copyright-free” always mean that I
can just use an image or content?

Question
How can you download copyright-free
images?


Read the “Terms of Use” and “Copyright”
sections on the website carefully.
If not there, it is copyright-free

Question

What is the international symbol for
copyright?

Question
How do you contact an author or web page
creator to ask for online copyright
permission?

 Music

 Music

and copyright

and images in digital media and on the
internet are subject to copyright – unless
there is a clear statement by the creator.

Any “substantial portion” requires permission
that is not used for study or review
purposes.
(Even a tiny portion may be instantly
recognisable)
http://www.abc.net.au/btn/story/s2953643.htm

Four rights associated with music
Reproduction right
Communication right
Performance right
Mechanical right

Music performance rights
APRA – Australasian Performing Right
Assoc
Music for advertisements
AMCOS - Australian Mechanical
Copyright Owners’ Society

Question
How do you get copyright permission for
music?

Lot’s of people to be contacted !
3 copyrights –
Musical work
Lyrics
Sound recording


You may have to contact the recording
company and music publisher for
licences. Email a band’s website or
contact AMCOS.
No set fee – negotiate!

Tips and hints
Know the requirements of copyright
Check the copyright details of any material you wish to
use
Copyright is the same whether digital or print
“Substantial portion”

APRA
AMCOS
Copyright Australia
Screenrights Australia
Australian Copyright Council
Copyright Agency Limited
APA
ASA
ALCA
IP Australia
National Copyright Guidelines


NSW Board of Studies
http://amow.boardofstudies.nsw.edu.au

HSC: All My Own
Work
Working with others

 Working

with others is a fact of life
 Learning is an active process
 How

can you work with others and
maintain academic integrity in your own
work?


Collaborative learning
Collusion
Copying



Collaborative learning

Where you work together in groups of two or more
on a shared goal.
Can be face-to-face or online through discussion
boards, chat lines, Blogs and wikis etc


 Collaborative

or cooperative learning is
where lots of ideas are shared and tested
with each other with the intention of
extending everyone’s thinking on the
topic.

Little value if each student worked on
individual problem and then copied the
other answers with no explanation.
Better if they worked together on each
problem with members explaining their
thinking as they go to the other group
members.

Scenario
Your group is instructed to brainstorm before
moving to individual research on a PDHPE
assignment. One student simply copies all
the ideas of the other students and submits
this work as his own, without additional work
or attribution.
Is this cheating?

Scenario
You best friend has not completed her
History assignment and asks to see
yours. You lend it to her and remind her
to change the words to make it look like
her own.
Is this collusion?

Scenario
A science assignment is given to your Year 11 class.
The assignment is to be handed in as a single
assignment. One member of your group of four
offers to write a particular section, the others split
the remaining work.

One week before the task is due you find that her
section is a “copy and paste” from the internet. You
pick up on the plagiarism and confront her, asking
her to redo the section. She says she is too busy
and offers to take complete blame.
What should you do?


Should you confer with the other members of
the team?


Should you talk to the teacher?

Scenario
Bernard has access to a tutor who regularly rewrites
whole paragraphs of Bernard’s assignment, or
tells Bernard what to write.
Collaborative learning or copying or collusion?

Scenario
Robert logs on to a blog and finds some information
that is relevant to his current assessment task. He
exchanges information and tests some of his ideas
out through an online discussion board.

Scenario
In Fred's class there is a small group discussion on
a particular issue. The discussion is to assist
students in the preparation of their reports. Fred
takes detailed notes of others’ contributions. He
copies all Mark’s notes as he knows the topic
really well. Fred uses the notes word for word in
his report and submits it without any citation.

What help is okay?
Family and friends – they may like to talk about what you
are doing
External tutors – they may talk and model problems
Coaching colleges – unpack issues for you, talk about
and advise

What help is not okay?
Ghost writers – somebody does it for you, (or “borrowing”
someone else’s essay)
Assignments online – buying or commissioning
Don’t risk it. !!!

The BOS see this as a serious
breach of trust and highly
unethical, putting your HSC at
risk.
 Remember

– what we want is
all your own work!

Scenario

Your brother did the same course as you two
years ago and offers to help you with your
essay. In fact, he did a similar assessment task
and finds it for you. You decide to copy parts of
his essay for your own assessment task.
Appropriate or inappropriate?

Scenario
You have spent a lot of time working on a digital
media assignment for Visual Arts and have run
out of time. Your friend has had to do a similar
project for Drama and you decide to use her
work and submit it as your own assignment.
Her teacher is better than yours and has given
her more help.
No-one will ever know.

Scenario

Your Dad is a professional plumber and is
great at welding. In you Visual Arts Body of
Work, you are making a sculpture that
requires welding. Your Dad demonstrates
welding and supervises your welding. You
record this in your VA Process Diary.

This is about respect.
Respect for ideas of others and not claiming
others’ ideas as your own. There is no problem
referring to the ideas of others – just
acknowledge appropriately.
You need to be clear about referencing and in how
you cite your sources, whether written or not.

Remember to use Harvard method of
referencing.
Samples in your diary

Reference everything except:

Your own experiences
Your own experimental results
Common knowledge



Common knowledge

Facts that are commonly known
E.g.

there are twelve months in a year

Facts that are so well known that they are easily
available in different kinds of sources
E.g.

World War II began in 1939

Commonsense observations
E.g.

Interest rates going up affects loan repayments

Benefits of producing your own work




Gain credit for what you have done
Learn new skills benefiting future study and work
Take pride in achieving and submitting your best
work


 Gain

satisfaction in knowing the work
submitted is your own
 Demonstrate that you value honest and
ethical practices


Make sure that the work you hand in is
‘all your own work!’

All My Own Work Module –Working With
Others
NSW Board of Studies

2013 all my ownwork

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