2. NORTON BOX
Norton function of a box The first lathes formerly allowed construction of thread changing gear train. With the
appearance of the box norton many of these changes "they fell" especially when a range of threads is
within one system. But surely when moving from one system to another or from one range to another no
other choice but to change gears. Usually a large lathe is the greatest number of steps have systems and
because its volume permits. But in small winches, on all present, systems and steps are significantly
reduced. Usually small machines make a single system and a range of threads that can go from 8-12
steps Median lathes do 2 sets and a range that can go up to 6, 8, 12, 16 or 22 steps, very 4 sets good
quality make up 36 steps The biggest do 4 sets for 36, 42, 48, 52 or 56 steps. The more steps have a much
more sensitive about progress and therefore have better finish. Some low-quality machines make a range
of threads without changing the gear but sacrifice many steps and too sensitive precision progress.
Larger machines have additional levers that connect or disconnect the gear teeth 127 and it takes you
from one English to metric system without changing the train but within the same system, if the box built
42,48, 52 or 56 steps, is may need a change in the gear train. There is no machine that makes all systems
and all steps without changing the train. Some generic construction winches, sold as the "no" gear
change is a sign of quality and modernity, when in reality it means that less than conventional steps and
therefore less progress at high sensitivity. In fact any machine can be converted gearless parts, should
only take spare parts and modify the aesthetics of the analog table.
3. SPINDLE
The screw and nut mechanism is constituted by a screw (screw) and a nut. Its
suncionamiento is such that if the nut is fixed mantine, the rotary motion of
the screw causes longitudinal displacement and veceversa. This system is
achieved by converting the circular motion of screw nut rectilinear movement.
In this case the circular motion need not be provided by a motor element, but
may occur manually by a crank as in the vise. The spindle, like any other
screw, is characterized by the number of entries (e) and the thread pitch (p).
For example, a screw pitch of 2 mm and an inlet, rotating a full turn on a nut
of this feed produces a 2mm. However, in a screw with the same pitch and
two inputs, the nut moves in the same period 4 mm. The advance will be: A =
p * e The feed rate shall be: Va = A * n = p * e * n; where (n) is the circular
rotation speed.
4. DISH
The function is holding the workpiece during machining. They can be of
three jaws , for cylindrical or with a number of sides a multiple of three
parts .
5. TOWWER ARBOR
A tool clamping device is a cutting tool of a machine tool. There are many
different cutting tools in shape and size. The type of tool should be
chosen according to the machine and tool use. In modern machines,
computer numerical control (CNC), the choice of a suitable tool is
important to ensure accurate machining productivity.
6. BANCADA
"Bench: A socket casting supported by one or more feet, which provides
support and guidance to other major parts of the surrounding casting
must be of the highest quality; must be appropriate and sufficient size
to withstand the forces. originate at work, without experiencing
significant deformation even in the worst cases. to facilitate resistance
usually takes about central nerves. the guidelines have been prepared
as perfect seat and allow smooth and without play on the bandwagon
and tailstock sliding. They should be perfectly scraped or rectified. it is
common that have been treated hardfacing, to resist wear. sometimes
the guide plate are made of hardened and ground steel "
7. COUNTERPOINT
The cutting tool is mounted on a carriage which moves on guides or rails
parallel to the rotational axis of the workpiece is machined, called Z
axis; this car is another that moves along the X axis, in the radial
direction to the part is machined, and may have a third car called
charriot that can be tilted to make cones, and where the tool turret is
supported. When the main carriage moves the tool along the axis of
rotation, produces the rolled of the workpiece, and when the cross-slide
moves perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the piece called
capping operation is performed.
